Seleção de indicadores de serviços ambientais no Projeto Transição Produtiva e Serviços Ambientais da Embrapa.

bitstream/item/151095/1/ComTec-72-Selecao-Indicadores.pd

Early phase of plasticity-related gene regulation and SRF dependent transcription in the hippocampus

Hippocampal organotypic cultures are a highly reliable in vitro model for studying neuroplasticity: in this paper, we analyze the early phase of the transcriptional response induced by a 20 \ub5M gabazine treatment (GabT), a GABA-Ar antagonist, by using Affymetrix oligonucleotide microarray, RT-PCR based time-course and chromatin-immuno-precipitation. The transcriptome profiling revealed that the pool of genes up-regulated by GabT, besides being strongly related to the regulation of growth and synaptic transmission, is also endowed with neuro-protective and pro-survival properties. By using RT-PCR, we quantified a time-course of the transient expression for 33 of the highest up-regulated genes, with an average sampling rate of 10 minutes and covering the time interval [10 3690] minutes. The cluster analysis of the time-course disclosed the existence of three different dynamical patterns, one of which proved, in a statistical analysis based on results from previous works, to be significantly related with SRF-dependent regulation (p-value<0.05). The chromatin immunoprecipitation (chip) assay confirmed the rich presence of working CArG boxes in the genes belonging to the latter dynamical pattern and therefore validated the statistical analysis. Furthermore, an in silico analysis of the promoters revealed the presence of additional conserved CArG boxes upstream of the genes Nr4a1 and Rgs2. The chip assay confirmed a significant SRF signal in the Nr4a1 CArG box but not in the Rgs2 CArG box

Custos Sociais e Orçamentários das Políticas de Garantia de Preços no Brasil - estudo dos casos de arroz e milho

This paper aims to measure the social and budgetary costs of the price guarantee policy for rice and corn in the period from 1986/87 to 2012/13. These years faced important changes in the mentioned policy and both products have been systematically afforded by this policy. The paper develops mathematical models to calculate the social cost for three price guarantee policies (price subsidies, government purchases and price insurance) and the social costs were estimated only when the minimum price exceeds the market price. It was verified that PGPM policies were operationalized even when the minimum price was below the market price. Comparing social and budgetary costs during the above crop years for each ton of rice and corn, in general, it was found that the lowest social cost was for a price insurance program, followed by subsidy price programs and the highest social cost arises for the purchasing programs. The findings would help policy-makers when deciding what kind of price guarantee policy needs to be performed

A systems genetics resource and analysis of sleep regulation in the mouse

<div><p>Sleep is essential for optimal brain functioning and health, but the biological substrates through which sleep delivers these beneficial effects remain largely unknown. We used a systems genetics approach in the BXD genetic reference population (GRP) of mice and assembled a comprehensive experimental knowledge base comprising a deep “sleep-wake” phenome, central and peripheral transcriptomes, and plasma metabolome data, collected under undisturbed baseline conditions and after sleep deprivation (SD). We present analytical tools to interactively interrogate the database, visualize the molecular networks altered by sleep loss, and prioritize candidate genes. We found that a one-time, short disruption of sleep already extensively reshaped the systems genetics landscape by altering 60%–78% of the transcriptomes and the metabolome, with numerous genetic loci affecting the magnitude and direction of change. Systems genetics integrative analyses drawing on all levels of organization imply α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor trafficking and fatty acid turnover as substrates of the negative effects of insufficient sleep. Our analyses demonstrate that genetic heterogeneity and the effects of insufficient sleep itself on the transcriptome and metabolome are far more widespread than previously reported.</p></div