Comparative Efficacy of Toltrazuril, Amprolium and Embazine Fort® against Mixed Eimeria Species Infection in Broilers

Nigerian Veterinary Journal, Vol. 32(3): 2011; 214 - 21

Assessment of Dermatoglyphic Patterns and Sex Distribution in Esan Ethnic Group of Edo State, Nigeria

This study was carried out to find out the possibility of a unique pattern of palm and finger prints (Dermatoglyphics) among 192 adults (96 males and 96 females) of Esan origin who, at the time of this study, were residing in Esan-land - the central senatorial district of Edo state, Nigeria. The subjects were selected via multi-stage sampling technique and fingerprint determination was performed using the Indian ink methods. Palm and fingerprints were observed for the angles connecting the triradii at the roots of the fingers (a-index finger, b-middle finger, c-ring finger d-small finger and t-the most proximal triradii in the palm) taken as atd, tad and tda angles. The data collected were statistically analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) using the student t-test, chi square test and ANOVA as statistical tools. Results showed that the loop pattern had the highest frequency (61.7%) followed by whorl (24.9%), arch (12.8%) and double whorl (0.6%). The mean atd angles were 43.49 for males and 44.02 for females; tad angles were 75.11 for males and 74.71 % for females; and tda were 61.22% for males and 61.35% females. These reveals that the pattern of finger prints distribution were similar for both sexes except that the males had more arches on the right hand (53%) than the females with more arches on the left hand (57.1%).Keywords: Esan people, Dematoglyphic Patterns, Finger Prints, Pal

Recent advances in catalytic and non-catalytic epoxidation of terpenes: a pathway to bio-based polymers from waste biomass

\ua9 2023 The Royal Society of Chemistry.Epoxides derived from waste biomass are a promising avenue for the production of bio-based polymers, including polyamides, polyesters, polyurethanes, and polycarbonates. This review article explores recent efforts to develop both catalytic and non-catalytic processes for the epoxidation of terpene, employing a variety of oxidizing agents and techniques for process intensification. Experimental investigations into the epoxidation of limonene have shown that these methods can be extended to other terpenes. To optimize the epoxidation of bio-based terpene, there is a need to develop continuous processes that address limitations in mass and heat transfer. This review discusses flow chemistry and innovative reactor designs as part of a multi-scale approach aimed at industrial transformation. These methods facilitate continuous processing, improve mixing, and either eliminate or reduce the need for solvents by enhancing heat transfer capabilities. Overall, the objective of this review is to contribute to the development of commercially viable processes for producing bio-based epoxides from waste biomass

Catalysing sustainable fuel and chemical synthesis

Concerns over the economics of proven fossil fuel reserves, in concert with government and public acceptance of the anthropogenic origin of rising CO2 emissions and associated climate change from such combustible carbon, are driving academic and commercial research into new sustainable routes to fuel and chemicals. The quest for such sustainable resources to meet the demands of a rapidly rising global population represents one of this century’s grand challenges. Here, we discuss catalytic solutions to the clean synthesis of biodiesel, the most readily implemented and low cost, alternative source of transportation fuels, and oxygenated organic molecules for the manufacture of fine and speciality chemicals to meet future societal demands

Economic Value Of Garcinia kola Marketing In Enugu State, Nigeria

The study was on the economic value of Garcinia Kola nut marketing in Enugu State, Nigeria. It had 3 objectives, namely description of the marketing channel of Garcinia kola nut, determination of the costs andreturns and identifying and determining the Socio-economic variables that affect the marketers net returns. Three markets, one from each zone were randomly selected for the study. One hundred and eighty respondents,were randomly selected, sixty for each market. Analytical tools used are costs-returns model, profitability index, and regression model. The field data showed that bitter kolanut passes through wholesalers, retailers and then consumers. The net returns from sales of bitter kola were N1, 791.80 and N9, 843.80 for on season and off seen respectively. The profitability index was 1.17 and 1.85 for on season and off season respectively. The regression analysis showed that 76.30% and 95.30% of the socio-economic variables explained the variation in the marketers net-returns for on and off season respectively. Generally bitter kolanut was of great economic valueto the marketers and could be a business for poverty alleviation if well funded

Efficency of cassava processing techniques among rural women in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

The study identified, and analysed the different methods being used by the women in cassava processing, examine stages and time spent on each operation. The study was carried out in Owerri Agricultural zone of Imo State, Southeast, Nigeria. One hundred and fifty women cassava processors were chosen at random from 15 communities. Data were gathered through the use of interview schedule. Percentages and means were used in the data analysis. Three cassava processing methods were identified namely modern, traditional and a hybridized trado-modern methods. Six processed cassava products were identified and these were produced after about 15 operational processes depending on the product which include gari, akpu, akara-akpu, tapioca, starch and flour. The time spent on producing any of the products depend on the technique of processing adopted. An average of eleven and eighteen hours was spent on processing 100 kg of cassava tubers into gari product using trado-modern and traditional methods, respectively. Twenty eight hours was spent in processing cassava tuber into tapioca using traditional methods. It was discovered that using trado-modern and modern methods in cassava tuber processing were more efficient in terms of output, labour input and costs than traditional method. However, there existed no modern technology that can kick start and complete cassava tuber processing into any of the six products without relying on the traditional method. It is recommended that our engineers should construct low cost processing equipment that will reduce both the time on each operation and the tedious nature of cassava processing. (J Agric & Soc Res:2003 3(2): 84-96