Viabilidade técnica e econômica de produção de ésteres de óleo de palma, para utilização como substituto de óleo diesel, na Amazônia.

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Corncob as carbon source in the production of xanthan gum in different strains Xanthomonas sp.

Xanthan gum (XG) is a biopolymer obtained in fermentation and used as a rheology control agent in aqueous systems and in stabilizing emulsions and suspensions. XG, together with other polysaccharides, can form soft, cohesive composite gels. The carbon source in the fermentative process is responsible for one-third of the production costs, and the search for less expensive and sustainable alternatives is ongoing. The use of agricultural residues such as the corncob is highly suggestive due to their abundance. This study aims to evaluate the use of derived hemicellulose fractions from the alkaline extraction of corncob as a carbon source in the production of XG in trials using four strains of Xanthomonas sp. (629, 1078, 254, and S6). The results indicate that strain 629 provides the higher yield (8.37 ± 5.75 g L−1) while using a fermentation medium containing a carbon source of saccharose (1.25%), hemicellulose fractions (3.75%), and salts. In this same medium, the strain 629 produces gum in 3% aqueous solution, showing the higher apparent viscosity (9298 ± 31 mPa s−1) at a shear rate of 10 s−1 at 25 °C. In conclusion, corncob is proven to be a promising sustainable alternative carbon source in the obtention of XG, improving the economic viability of the process within a biorefinery context. Saccharose must, however, also be included in the fermentation medium.0F1A-358B-43B5 | Fernando Jorge Ribeiro da MataN/

Synthesis and characterization of chitosan/montmorillonite nanocomposites for application as edible coating.

Edible coating can improve fruits shelf life and, consequently, reduce their waste. Chitosan, which presents a potential for chemical modifications and capacity to form films, can be an alternative for coating due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and antimicrobial properties. Chitosan film can be obtained through casting method presenting suitable mechanical properties, such as resistance to traction and elongation, ability to adhere to surfaces and selective permeability to gases, such as O2 and CO2. However, it is highly permeable to water vapor, which can limit its potential coating use. The properties of chitosan films can be improved through the formation of composites by inserting nanoclays as montmorillonite in the polymeric matrix. The objective of this study was to develop and characterize chitosan/montmorillonite nanocomposites for fruit coating aiming for future applications in the field of smart packaging. Nanocomposites were characterized by its microstructure, thermal, mechanical, and physicochemical properties. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated changes in crystallinity with the insertion of montmorillonite. Nanocomposites became more transparent and significantly reduced its water permeability rate with 0.5% w/w montmorillonite addition. Elastic rigidity and tensile strength of the films were improved. Chitosan/montmorillonite nanocomposites demonstrated the potential to improve the storage time of Williams pears

Perfil epidemiológico e clínico de pacientes portadores de artrite reumatóide em um hospital escola de medicina em Goiânia, Goiás, Brasil

Objetivo: realizar uma análise das principais características clínico-demográficas de pacientes com artrite reumatóide (AR), em acompanhamento ambulatorial, em um Hospital Escola de Medicina em Goiânia-GO. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma análise epidemiológica, retrospectiva, de um conjunto de pacientes com artrite reumatóide acompanhados por um hospital universitário da região centro-oeste do Brasil. Foram analisados 500 prontuários médicos de pacientes atendidos no ambulatório de reumatologia no período de 2011 a 2012. Os dados dos prontuários foram transcritos para um documento de protocolo padronizado e validado por um médico reumatologista. Resultados: do total de 500 pacientes analisados, 43% apresentavam doenças reumáticas sistêmicas, 36% doenças osteoarticulares, 10% espondiloartrites e 11% outras doenças. Deste total, 5% eram pacientes portadores de AR.A relação entre o sexo feminino/masculino foi de 4:1, a média de idade dos pacientes foi de 50 ± 13,3 anos, com tempo médio de doença de 9,7 ± 5,6 anos. A história familiar de AR foi presente em 16% dos pacientes, 42% apresentavam alterações radiológicas na primeira consulta e 69% apresentavam comorbidades. Os principais sinais e sintomas referidos pelos pacientes foram dor articular (89%), rigidez articular matinal (73%) e edema articular (73%). As manifestações extra-articulares ocorreram em 21%, o fator reumatóide foi positivo em 68% dos pacientes e 26% do total de pacientes com AR eram positivos para autoanticorpos antinucleares. Apenas 10% dos pacientes realizavam tratamento fisioterapêutico e o fármaco mais utilizado como tratamento medicamento da AR foi o Metotrexato. Conclusão: este estudo proporcionou uma visão parcial do perfil epidemiológico de pacientes com AR de um hospital universitário em Goiânia-GO. Observou-se uma pequena utilização de marcadores diagnósticos da doença. Diante disso, propomos uma devolutiva para o ambulatório de reumatologia na tentativa de melhorar a qualidade e disponibilidade das informações médicas nos prontuários deste ambulatório do hospital escola de medicina da PUC Goiás.Objective: to perform an analysis of the main demographic and clinical features of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), followed in outpatient in a Academic Medical Hospital in Goiania, Goias, Brazil. Methodology: This is an epidemiological study, retrospective, a set of patients with rheumatoid arthritis accompanied by a university hospital in the central-western Brazil. We reviewed medical records of 500 patients treated at the ambulatory of rheumatology in the period from 2011 to 2012. Data from medical records were transcribed into a document protocol standardized and validated by a physician rheumatologist.Results: From the 500 patients analyzed, 43% had systemic rheumatic diseases, osteoarticular diseases 36%, spondyloarthritides 10% and 11% other diseases. Of this total, 5% were patients with RA. The relationship between the female/male ratio was of 4:1, the mean age of patients was 50 ± 13.3 years, mean disease duration of 9.7 ± 5,6 years, 16% had a family history of RA, 42% presented radiological alterations at first visit and 69% presented co-morbidities. The main signs and symptoms reported by patients were joint pain (89%), morning stiffness (73%) and joint swelling (73%). The extra-articular manifestations occurred in 21%, rheumatoid factor was positive in 68% of patients and 26% of RA patients were positive for antinuclear autoantibodies. Only 10% of patients underwent physiotherapy treatment and more drug used as treatment of RA was the Methotrexate. Conclusion: This study provided a partial view of the epidemiological profile of the RA patients at a academic medical hospital in Goiania, Goias. There was a small use of diagnostic markers of the disease. Therefore, we propose a feedback to the rheumatology clinic in an attempt to improve the quality and availability of medical information in the records of this university hospital's outpatient at Pontificia Catholic University of Goias

Outcomes of allogeneic stem cell transplantation among patients with acute myeloid leukemia presenting active disease: Experience of a single European Comprehensive Cancer Center

Introduction: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) represents a potentially curative approach for patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We report the outcome of relapsed/refractory AML patients treated with ASCT.Method: A retrospective cohort from 1994 to 2013 that included 61 patients with diagnosis of relapsed/refractory AML. Outcomes of interest were transplant-related mortality (TRM), incidence of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), relapse incidence, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Statistical significance was set at p<0.05.Results: The median age was 61 years (range 1 to 65). The cumulative incidence of 90 days, 1 year, and 3 years TRM were 60%, 26.7%, and 13.3%, respectively (p< 0.001). The incidence of relapse was 21.7% at 1 year, 13% at 3 years, and 8.7% at 5 years. Median OS was estimated to be 8 months (95CI 3.266-12.734) and median PFS, 3 months (95CI 1.835-4.165).Conclusion: In our cohort, TRM in first years after ASCT remains considerable, but ASCT in this setting seems to be a good choice for AML patients with active disease. However, novel approaches are needed to reduce TRM and relapse in this set of patients