The aetiopathologies of Ménières disease: a contemporary review

La Sindrome di Ménière, una condizione descritta nel 1800, è stata unarea di grande interesse clinico e di ricerca scientifica negli ultimi decenni. Le linee guida pubblicate dall American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery sono rimaste pressoché invariate per quasi 20 anni, benché la ricerca scientifica sugli aspetti eziopatologici sia indubbiamente molto progredita nel frattempo. La presente revisione della letteratura evidenzia gli importanti progressi compiuti nella comprensione della fisiopatologia di questa malattia enigmatica. Le evidenze discusse sono inoltre accompagnate da una documentazione iconografica istopatologica. Lobiettivo della presente trattazione è fornire al lettore un quadro aggiornato ed accurato sulle teorie inerenti la Sindrome di Ménière

Properties of SiGe/Si heterostructures fabricated by ion implantation technique

A comprehensive electrical characterisation of the SiGe/Si heterostructures has been performed in the wide temperature range (10270 K). Four structures fabricated by the Ge⁺ ion implantation technique at different substrate temperatures (room temperature, 150°C, 450°C and 600°C) have been studied. The diode I-V characteristics, thermally stimulated capacitance and currents were measured and the presence and parameters of shallow trap levels were determined in dependence on the substrate temperature. The sample implanted at 450°C shows the best diode operation reflecting the higher quality of the surface silicon layer as compared to RT- and 150°C-implanted samples. Implantation-induced mechanical stresses have been investigated by Raman spectroscopy. For the first time the cryogenic TSCR technique has been applied to this system which makes it possible to investigate strain in the silicon layer due to SiGe layer formation

Guidelines for training in cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR)

These "Guidelines for training in Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance" were developed by the Certification Committee of the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (SCMR) and approved by the SCMR Board of Trustees

Thickness-dependent electrochromic properties of amorphous tungsten trioxide thin films

Tungsten Trioxide (WO3) thin films were grown by thermal evaporation method to study the effect of film’s thickness on its electrochromic (EC) properties. The WO3thin films of different thicknesses were grown on Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) coated glass and soda lime (bare) glass substrate held at room temperature. The surface composition of the thin films was investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurement, which showed the oxygen to tungsten atomic composition ratio to be nearly 2.97. The EC properties of the thin films were examined using electrochemical techniques. Cyclic-voltammetery shows the diffusion coefficient (D) of the intercalated H+ ion in the WO3 thin film increases with the film’s thickness. It turns out that the ‘thicker’ film exhibits better coloration efficiency (CE) as compared to the ‘thinner’ film. The coloration time was found to be independent of film thickness; however, the bleaching time increases as the film thickness increases

Thickness-dependent electrochromic properties of amorphous tungsten trioxide thin films

Tungsten Trioxide (WO3) thin films were grown by thermal evaporation method to study the effect of film’s thickness on its electrochromic (EC) properties. The WO3thin films of different thicknesses were grown on Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) coated glass and soda lime (bare) glass substrate held at room temperature. The surface composition of the thin films was investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurement, which showed the oxygen to tungsten atomic composition ratio to be nearly 2.97. The EC properties of the thin films were examined using electrochemical techniques. Cyclic-voltammetery shows the diffusion coefficient (D) of the intercalated H+ ion in the WO3 thin film increases with the film’s thickness. It turns out that the ‘thicker’ film exhibits better coloration efficiency (CE) as compared to the ‘thinner’ film. The coloration time was found to be independent of film thickness; however, the bleaching time increases as the film thickness increases

Thickness-dependent Electrochromic Properties of Amorphous Tungsten Trioxide Thin Films

Tungsten Trioxide (WO3) thin films were grown by thermal evaporation method to study the effect of film’s thickness on its electrochromic (EC) properties. The WO3 thin films of different thicknesses were grown on Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) coated glass and soda lime (bare) glass substrate held at room temperature. The surface composition of the thin films was investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurement, which showed the oxygen to tungsten atomic composition ratio to be nearly 2.97. The EC properties of the thin films were examined using electrochemical techniques. Cyclic-voltammetery shows the diffusion coefficient (D) of the intercalated H+ ion in the WO3 thin film increases with the film’s thickness. It turns out that the ‘thicker’ film exhibits better coloration efficiency (CE) as compared to the ‘thinner’ film. The coloration time was found to be independent of film thickness; however, the bleaching time increases as the film thickness increases

The performance optimization of thin-film solar converters based on n-ZnMgO / p-CuO heterojunctions

In this paper, we present the results of the calculations of optical losses in the solar cells layers based on heterojunction n-ZnMgO / p-CuO with ZnO and ITO frontal contacts. The calculations were carried out taking into account a light absorption in the auxiliary layers of the device. As a result, the spectral dependencies of transmittance Т() in the absorber layer of solar cell were defined. It is made possible to optimize the design of the solar cells based on such heterojunctions