Size Structure of Phytopopulations and Its Quantitative Evaluation

There was elucidated the original approach to the evaluation of phytopopulation size structure. For its characteristics it was offered to use the special index - index diversity of size structure (ІDSS). There are presented methods and algorithm of its determination. There was demonstrated that index diversity of size structure can be used at populational studies of species that belong to the different living forms. Especially phanerophytes (Pinus sylvestris) and hamephytes (Ledum palustre). As to Pinus sylvestris and Ledum palustre with help of index diversity of size structure was objectively proved that its cohorts and ontogenetic groups that growth in composition of forest phytocenoses typical for Ukrainian Polissya are not characterized with high level diversity of size structure. The value of index diversity of size structure is mainly less than 20 %. In phytopopulation the specific and phytocenotic peculiarity is demonstrated by diversity of size structure and also by representation of plants of certain size classes

Technology test bed engine real-time failure control

The Real-Time Failure Control (RTFC) program involves development of a failure detection algorithm, for the Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME). This failure detection approach is signal-based and entails monitoring SSME measurement signals based on predetermined as well as on-line computed mean and standard deviation values. Twenty-four engine measurements are monitored in the algorithm and provisions are made to add more parameters if needed. Each of the first values of every measurement signal at the algorithm start is checked against safety limits placed around a pre-computed engine-to-engine mean value (MV) with a bandwidth equal to a given multiple of the pre-computed standard deviation (SD). If several parameters are out of the bounds of these limits a failure is signaled. During the first two seconds (after algorithm start) a moving average (MA) and a SD is computed on-line in real-time. The moving average of each parameter is computed by averaging the incoming signal measurement with the four most recent previous signal measurements. The moving average is updated at every sampling interval (40 msec) and is checked against a similar safety band around the initial signal value for each parameter. If several anomalies are registered, a failure is signaled by the algorithm. At the end of the two-second interval the MA is fixed as the mean value for the rest of the algorithm operation and a safety band is placed above and below this value equal to a multiple of the computed SD. However, the safety band is adjusted by adjusting the mean value when propellant tank repressurization and venting take place. 'Influence Coefficients' are used to make the necessary adjustments to the safety limits of those parameters that are affected by repressurization and venting or valve closure and opening. The MA is, in both cases, continuously updated and checked against the safety band. Once more, if several parameters exceed the limits a failure is signaled. At the start of every scheduled power transient the algorithm is stopped. It is re-initiated after two seconds from the termination of the power transient and the process is repeated. The final report is divided into four major sections. The most encompassing of all is the discussion section that has sub-sections on: (1) RTFC algorithm development, (2) RTFC simulations; (3) RTFC current limitations; and (4) enhancements planned for

The Early Spring Synusias in the Forests of Fageto-carpineto-querceta Roboris Subformation on the Territory of Precarpathian Region (Ukraine)

. In the article were presented the results of studying the early spring synusias in the forests of Fageto-Carpineto-Querceta roboris subformation on the Pricarpathian territory. In the studied subformation were separated five associations: Fageto-Carpineto-Quercetum roboris galiosum odorati, Fageto-Carpineto-Quercetum roboris caricetum pilosae, Fageto-Carpineto-Quercetum roboris vincosum, Fageto-Carpineto-Quercetum roboris galeobdolosum, Fageto-Carpineto-Quercetum roboris hederosum. The revealed early spring synusias are formed by the following herbal species: Leucojum vernum L. (Amaryllidacea), Galanthus nivalis L. (Amaryllidacea), Dentaria glandulosa Waldst. et Kit. (Brassicaceae), Anemone nemorosa L.(Ranunculaceae), Scilla bifolia L. (Liliaceae), Isopyrum thalictroides L. (Ranunculaceae), Corydalis cava (L.) Schweigg. Koerte (Papaveraceae) та Gagea lutea (L.) Ker.-Gawl. (Liliaceae). It appears before the leaves blooming and forms the specific white-lilac-blue aspect. Galanthus nivalis L. synusias develops the first and then in the third decade of March develops the group with Anemone nemorosa L. domination. Last years as the result of the negative anthropogenic influence the number of Leucojum vernum L. and Galanthus nivalis L. groups – the rare ephemeroids put to the Ukrainian Red book was abruptly shortened

Alienación cultural y dislocación de la subjetividad en El amante bilingüe de Juan Marsé

Teniendo como punto de referencia la novela El amante bilingüe de Juan Marsé, en este estudio analizo las diferencias culturales, sociales y linguísticas entre la comunidad catalana con su afán de centralización de una cultura común, y los elementos culturales y sociales periféricos a este centralismo catalán. El personaje central de la novela sufre una alienación social y cultural debido a las barreras infranqueables entre la burguesía catalana y las clases más bajas de inmigrantes llegados de otras regiones españolas. La imposibilidad de integración social conlleva una dislocación doble de la subjetividad del personaje central: por una parte un centramiento de sí mismo, y por otra, de su lugar en el mundo social y cultural. El estudio muestra la hibridez entre la cultura alta y baja, y la posibilidad de una afirmación de la tangencialidad. Taking as a reference Juan Marsé’s novel El amante bilingüe, in this study I analyze the cultural, social and linguistic differences between the Catalonian community with its desire of centralism of a common culture, and the cultural and social elements that are peripheral to that Catalonian centralism. The main character in the novel suffers a social and cultural alienation due to the impassable borders between the Catalonian middle/ high class and the lower classes of inmigrants from another Spanish regions. The impossibility of social integration implies a double dislocation of the main character’s subjectivity: a self-decentralization and of his place in his social and cultural world. This study shows the hybridism between high and low culture and the possibility of an affirmation of the tangentiality

Intra Household Priority for Employment Opportunity: a Challenge for Rural Women Despite Gender Indiscrimination - a Case Study From Banyuwangi, East Java

The poverty rate of rural population in Indonesia has always been higher than the urban poverty rate, despite the high national economic growth and reduced national poverty rate. This trend can also be observed for poverty severity and poverty depth which is due to lack of assets, skills and working opportunities for rural population, among others. Female population in particular, must deal with poverty more than their male counterparts. If poverty is defined as deprivation of capabilities and the absence of freedom to choose whichever kind of life an individual is aspired to, then women suffer more because they have less option to access employment in villages. This paper aims to explore how typical households in small villages in an East Java district prioritise the household (HH) members' access to health, education, job opportunity and inheritance. This paper is written based on parts of the findings from a household socio-economic and public health survey in 5 villages in Pesanggrahan sub district, Banyuwangi, East Java, conducted in late 2011. The findings reveals that in general, male and female HH members are given equal opportunity in terms of access to decision making process within the household, education, inheritance and even more in terms of access to health. Nonetheless, when it comes to access to jobs, priorities are given to the male HH members. Working opportunities are indeed rare, and traditional jobs are dwindling and become more vulnerable in the Indonesian villages nowadays. Competition to enter employment is tougher; therefore while the respondents perceive women as equal to men in many other life aspects, they still see men as the ones who must be the breadwinner. This can be seen as more pressure to men, but it also epitomise the fact that in the society that has no longer practised discrimination against women, less options are available for women to exercise their right to work. As a result, women who lacking options to enter local job market must look for options beyond their village. They are most likely travel abroad to work as migrant domestic workers, and encountering risks. One important lesson drawn is that labour intensive and decent job creation –in or off-farm in rural areas, must be the priority of Indonesian government policies if it aims to achieve a more quality growth and more equal development in urban and rural areas, for men and women

Development of e-SIWES Portal: A Web based Platform for Student Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) Management

We developed the e-SIWES portal in order to enhance the manual task of carrying out SIWES activities such as registration, dissemination of information, filling of log book for students’ day-to-day activities and supervision/assessment by lecturers and industry based supervisors. The portal is web-based and allows all tasks to be carried out using the personal computer and the Internet. We digitized the SIWES logbook and assessment forms for filling by students and grading by the supervisors electronically. This will allow supervisors to be assigned immediately the students commence their industrial training and facilitate their monitoring in real-time. With the e-SIWES portal, important messages can be broadcast to all students at once and on a prompt and regular basis