Professionally significant social mobility of personality – semantic foundations of modern professional education

The conceptual bases and the results of conducted experimental prob¬lems on the relationship between the formation of the semantic foundations of voca¬tional education and quality of professionally significant social mobility of personality are discussedРассматриваются концептуальные основы и результаты проведенной опытно-экспериментальной работы по проблеме взаимосвязи формирования смыслообразующих основ профессионального образования и качества развития профессионально значимой социальной мобильности личност

Universities’ Training Programs Congruence to the Needs of the Regional Labour Market: Sectoral Analysis

Авторами данной исследовательской статьи на основе концепции секторной модели экономики и индекса структурных различий проведен анализ соответствия направлений подготовки студентов отраслевой структуре занятости в 84 регионах Российской Федерации. Представлен методический подход к оценке конгруэнтности направлений подготовки студентов университетов потребностям регионального рынка труда. С использованием методов экономического и статистического анализа определены уровень дифференциации региональных систем высшего образования, секторальная структура выпускников и показатель их трудоустройства в региональном разрезе, а также проанализировано соотношение предложения выпускников и спроса на них. Составлена классификация регионов по уровням этого соотношения и сделаны выводы о сбалансированности систем высшего образования в регионах с учетом потребностей в подготовке кадров. Диагностирована структурно-профессиональная диспропорция между региональными рынками труда и региональными системами высшего образования в большинстве регионов России и выявлены дисбалансы в подготовке специалистов во вторичном секторе экономики, который является определяющим для развития высокотехнологичных производств и обеспечивает потребность в кадрах для новой цифровой экономики. Определены направления преодоления дисфункциональности взаимоотношений университетов и рынка труда. Результаты исследования позволяют принимать решения по совершенствованию политики распределения планового контингента студентов по направлениям подготовки в соответствии с потребностями региональных экономик.The authors of this article are carrying out the analysis of the students’ training programs congruence to the sectoral structure of employment in 84 Russian regions using the sectoral model concept and the index of structural differences. The paper presents a methodological approach to assessing the congruence of training programs with the needs of the regional labor market in Russia. The level of regional higher education systems differentiation, the sectoral structure of graduates, and the level of their employment in the regional context were determined applying economic and statistical methods. The ratio of the graduates’ supply to their demand analyzed, there is presented a classification of regions according to the levels of this ration, conclusions drawn on the balance of higher education systems in the regions, taking into account the needs for training. A structural and professional disproportion between regional labor markets and regional systems of higher education in most regions of Russia is diagnosed, as well as a number of imbalances concerning specialists’ training in the secondary sector of the economy, which is decisive for the development of high-tech in dustries and provides the need for personnel within the new digital economy. The directions for overcoming dysfunction of the relationship between universities and the labor market are identified. The results of the study make it possible to make decisions on improving the policy of distributing the planned contingent of students by training programs in accordance with the needs of regional economies.Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ, проект № 18-010-01115 «Разработка методологии и инструментария оценки эффективности функционирования региональной системы высшего образования и моделирование ее сбалансированного развития».The reported study was supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project «Development of Methodology and Tools for Assessing the Effectiveness of Regional Higher Education System and Modelling Its Balanced Development» No 18-010-01115

HYPERTEXT CASE MODEL FOR TEACHING SEMANTIC READING TO SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN MATH LESSONSPROBLEMS OF MANAGING A CYBER-PHYSICAL SYSTEM IN THE PRESENCE OF MALFUNCTIONS IN IT

The study of various properties of information-technical systems from the point of view of interaction of their physical and digital components is a new and actual direction of modern science of cyber-physical systems. When considering modern cyber-physical systems, various authors recommend considering them as complex systems within the framework of system analysis. Due to the complexity of systems, adaptive algorithms should be relied upon in human-machine interaction. In this case, the specialist is seen as a decision maker. In the course of his work, he will strive to ensure the required mode of functioning of the cyber-physical system, including in the presence of faults in it. This paper proposes to consider the possible actions of a specialist in a cyber-physical system from the perspective of a simulation experiment. The paper provides an illustration of an algorithm scheme related to adaptive resource selection in a cyber-physical system. The scheme of rational decision making when resources are selected is shown. A methodology for generating logic models is proposed. The paper shows how game modeling can be applied to cyber-physical systems. The results obtained in this paper can be applied to a wide range of cyberphysical systems

Enhancing the knowledge spillover through the formation of the oligocentric national innovation system

The processes of spatial polarization of economic activity and potential of regional innovation systems are an important area of study of the innovation transfer in the global world. The present study continues the scientific discussion on the ratio of concentration and uniform innovation development. The objective of the study is to analyze indicators of spatial concentration of innovation activity and the knowledge spillover between regions in the national innovation system. The main methods are the application of the Herfindal-Hirschman index, as well as cartographic analysis. The analysis of the concentration degree of the following indicators of innovation activity was carried out: patents, developed and used advanced technologies, R&D costs, output of innovative products in these regions of Russia using the Herfindal-Hirschman index. A graphical method was used to identify the main regions of the centers and peripheries, and a map of fragmentation of the country's innovative cores was constructed. The results of the study confirmed the hypothesis of a greater spatial concentration of knowledge in comparison with the release of innovative products. Analysis of potential knowledge spillover between regions showed that the indicators associated with the generation of knowledge, focused on the Russian regions is significantly stronger than the indicators for innovative output: spatial concentration of developed advanced technologies are higher than that used advanced technologies, and the concentration of expenditure on technological innovations ahead of the release of innovative products. This indicates an unbalanced nature of the effects of the innovative spillover, when the use of technologies is more widespread than their development and implementation. Recommendations are also presented on a more efficient organization of the innovation space and on the transition from a monocentric model of organizing a socio-economic space to an oligocentric model to reduce excessive polarization and increase the efficiency of knowledge spillover

SIMULATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF A SWARM OF UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES

The development of unmanned aerial vehicles can be regarded as a promising direction of modern aviation. They have significantly reduced dimensional characteristics, if compared with traditional aircraft. It is also possible to form unmanned aerial vehicles, which are aimed at performing corresponding tasks. It takes less time to train a specialist to fly an unmanned aerial vehicle compared to conventional pilots. The work is related to the creation of mathematical models that allow an integral way to evaluate the effectiveness and conduct cluster structuring of a swarm of wireless aircraft. At the same time, there are opportunities to take into account the limited resources, to carry out redistribution of resources. Resources are distributed among clusters, and the principle of inverse priorities has to be applied. After that, the distribution over the drones of the network structure that has been optimized is implemented. Monitoring information is used. The main stages of solving the problem, which are based on optimization procedures, are shown

Affect of surgical approaches on functional results of total hip arthroplasty in early postoperative period

Minimally invasive approaches implies a less soft tissue damage and, therefore, more rapid recovery of the patient in the early postoperative period. The present study is a comparison of minimally invasive and standard approaches using biomechanical analysis of standing and walking patients before and after total hip arthroplasty, as well as an analysis of clinical outcomes in the early postoperative period. Fifty patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty using a minimally invasive and conventional techniques were divided into three groups. The first group consisted of patients operated on using the MIS AL (modified minimally invasive approach Watson-Jones) (n = 17), the second - MDM (minimally invasive approach to the modified Mueller) (n = 16) and in the third - with the use of transgluteal conventional approach by Harding (n = 17). The estimation of biomechanical parameters in static and dynamic patients before surgery and at 8-10 days after surgery. Also assessed clinical outcome postoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) and Harris scale on day 10, 6 and 12 weeks and 1 year. When comparing the three groups of patients stabilometry best results were observed in groups of minimally invasive approaches MIS AL and MDM. When comparing the three groups significantly better (a moderate increase in the duration of the step, rolling the contralateral limb and a slight increase in the duration of the step the operated limb by increasing the duration of the roll-over) were identified in the minimally invasive group MIS AL and MDM. In assessing the scale of Harris in the early postoperative period, higher rates were observed in groups of minimally invasive approaches. A year after the operation functional results become similar in all groups