Globalization and regionalization: Institution aspect

The urgency of the analyzed problem is due to the fact that regionalization and globalization have a dual nature and depend on the institutional system, which, in turn, affects the establishment of new rules in the economic space in which interact businesses. The purpose of the article is to justify the fact that the institutional aspect of globalization and regionalization is, above all, in the establishment of new rules and norms of the economy that affect all businesses, and one of the key roles is performed by innovation and investment institutions. The main methods in the study of this problem is the dialectical method, which allows identifying trends in the development institutions at the regional level. Results: the article proves that the development of modern market institutions is associated with the stimulation of innovation activity in the regions and the creation of innovation systems in them, the effectiveness of which depends on the degree of interconnectedness and interdependence of the national innovation system, which corresponds to the globalization processes. The data of the article may be useful in determining institutions of the Samara region that promote economic development and competitiveness of the region, as well as practical development of managerial decisions related to improving the efficiency of the use of economic and administrative resources. © 2016 Matveev et al

Symptom of social chil – free

There was revealed the social context that generates the childfree phenomenon. The research method is social and cultural analysis. As a result of analysis childfree ideology was determined as a symptom of the transfer of value dominant by modern man from "Close" to "Distant". The conclusion is the recognition of the childfree phenomenon as a manifestation of dissociation of modern society.Выявляется социальный контекст, порождающий феномен чайлдфри. В этом контексте чайлдфри – не единственный, но весьма красноречивый симптом, характеризующий направление современных социальных процессов переноса ценностных доминант с ближних на дальних, а с них – за пределы всего, что неподвластно индивиду, хотя бы как наблюдателю. Чайлдфри выражают растущий эскапизм и капсулизацию индивидов. Метод исследования – социокультурный анализ. Вывод состоит в признании феномена чайлдфри проявлением диссоциации современного социума.Подготовлено в рамках проекта проведения научных исследований № 14-13-66014 (региональный конкурс РГНФ)«Чайлдфри (childfree) в контексте ценностей современной молодежи Свердловской области»

Childfree as a social symptom

There was revealed the social context that generates the childfree phenomenon. The research method is social and cultural analysis. As a result of analysis childfree ideology was determined as a symptom of the transfer of value dominant by modern man from "Close" to "Distant". The conclusion is the recognition of the childfree phenomenon as a manifestation of dissociation of modern society.Выявляется социальный контекст, порождающий феномен чайлдфри. Метод исследования — социокультурный анализ. В результате умонастроения чайлдфри фиксируются как симптом переноса современным человеком ценностной доминанты с ближних на дальних. Вывод состоит в признании феномена чайлдфри проявлением диссоциации современного социума.Подготовлено в рамках проекта проведения научных исследований № 14-13-66014 (региональный конкурс РГНФ) «Чайлдфри (childfree) в контексте ценностей современной молодежи Свердловской области

A social portrait of the Russian trainer

The purposes of this paper are to survey Russian trainers to create a social portrait of the professional group and to identify features, which could be arranged as a foothold for transforming this group to a new level given the demands of the modern economy. This study integrates the use of quantitative and qualitative social research strategies to obtain, aggregate, and analyze data characterizing the professional group of trainers in the Russian vocational education and training (VET) system. The basic research was provided by questionnaires in all federal districts (as recognized by international law) of the Russian Federation. The quantitative poll of trainers was conducted by representative two-level sampling. A number of tables and charts provide a social portrait of the Russian trainer. The statistical data reveal the current level of trainers’ education as well as their length of service, distribution of vocations, and other significant features. The overall conclusion from these findings indicates that a typical representative of this professional group is a woman of average or slightly advanced age with a family, who has a VET or higher education, has served as a training officer for not less than 10 years, and who has either been recruited as a highly skilled worker or as a specialist. A typical representative feels the need to change something in the life and teaching of the young people that she knows. The research into trainers as a professional group was conducted first because of their uniformity, and secondly, their typicality as a pedagogical group. In many respects, the main characteristics of the social portrait are similar to characteristics of other professional groups in the Russian education system, such as secondary and post-secondary school teachers, and VET teachers. The study is based on one country. It is the first and only survey of its type in the Russian Federation. The paper provides a unique analysis of the situation with trainers in the VET system of the Russian Federation. © 2016 Kopnov et al

Chronotope of Engineering and Pedagogical Thinking

The article is devoted to engineering and pedagogical thinking as a kind of professional thinking that exists due to specific reasons and necessary and sufficient conditions. The “assembly” of these causes and conditions takes place in a certain time-and-place (chronotope), the conceptual reconstruction of which opens the way to overcoming the traditions of haphazard enumerative descriptions of various properties that have developed in the literature and to reaching the construction of the theory of engineering and pedagogical thinking, which, in turn, will help to reasonably update the content and organization of training engineers-teachers, on whom a lot depends in the near technological future of Russia. A review of the characteristics of engineering-pedagogical and related engineering and pedagogical thinking presented in scientific publications is proposed. It shows the need for greater certainty in understanding the nature, foundations, essence and features of heterogeneous engineering and pedagogical thinking. Heterogeneity requires actualization of the potential not only of pedagogy and technical sciences, but also of philosophy, cultural studies, sociology, and psychology. Such actualization shows the heuristic of the communicative interpretation of the nature and essence of thinking. In its light, engineering-pedagogical thinking appears simultaneously as an articulated and unarticulated, discrete and continuous communication of engineers-teachers with students, within which the competencies required by the profession and the impulse developing engineering and technical flair and ingenuity are transmitted, “infecting” (V. Shklovsky2) and charging them, thanks to which communication overcomes the boundaries of the chronotope, gaining continuum features, demonstrating its pulsating situational-suprasituative (corpuscular-wave) dualism. The scientific novelty lies in the justification, by the example of advancing to the theory of engineering and pedagogical thinking, of supplementing the competence approach with consideration of no less significant cultural and subcultural factors, including latent ones, which sometimes manifest themselves in very weak signals about the features of the chronotope of training engineers and technicians by engineers–teachers, not so much by virtue of official regulations as by virtue of singular acts of everyday life communication

Surface modification of field emission cathodes made of artificial carbon-based material

While the field emission acts at the technical vacuum level conditions (10-5 Pa) and electrons emitted from cathode, the ion bombardment exists and continuously modifies the cathode surface. Using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) we studied the electronic structure of thin surface layer of artificial carbon-based materials (ACB) used as field emission cathodes (FEC). The research resulted in the spectra of the samples B-1300, B-1500, B-1900. After spectra processing features analysis shows the change in type of hybridization of the original material. This change is supported by three characteristic spectral features: asymmetry of the core levels spectrum lines change, the satellite structure transformation, Auger-line and modification. So the initial material had sp2 type of hybridization, the spectra show that in thin surface layer a new phase with sp3-hybridization exists and we can conclude formation of nanoclusters with diamond-phase in thin surface layer of cathode. © 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim