421 research outputs found
Role of the middle ear muscle apparatus in mechanisms of speech signal discrimination
A method of impedance reflexometry was used to examine 101 students with hearing impairment in order to clarify the interrelation between speech discrimination and the state of the middle ear muscles. Ability to discriminate speech signals depends to some extent on the functional state of intraaural muscles. Speech discrimination was greatly impaired in the absence of stapedial muscle acoustic reflex, in the presence of low thresholds of stimulation and in very small values of reflex amplitude increase. Discrimination was not impeded in positive AR, high values of relative thresholds and normal increase of reflex amplitude in response to speech signals with augmenting intensity
Nonlinear double Compton scattering in the full quantum regime
A detailed analysis of the process of two photon emission by an electron
scattered from a high-intensity laser pulse is presented. The calculations are
performed in the framework of strong-field QED and include exactly the presence
of the laser field, described as a plane wave. We investigate the full quantum
regime of interaction, where photon recoil plays an essential role in the
emission process, and substantially alters the emitted photon spectra as
compared to those in previously-studied regimes. We provide a semiclassical
explanation for such differences, based on the possibility of assigning a
trajectory to the electron in the laser field before and after each quantum
photon emission. Our numerical results indicate the feasibility of
investigating experimentally the full quantum regime of nonlinear double
Compton scattering with already available plasma-based electron accelerator and
laser technology.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Comparison of DC and SRF Photoemission Guns For High Brightness High Average Current Beam Production
A comparison of the two most prominent electron sources of high average
current high brightness electron beams, DC and superconducting RF photoemission
guns, is carried out using a large-scale multivariate genetic optimizer
interfaced with space charge simulation codes. The gun geometry for each case
is varied concurrently with laser pulse shape and parameters of the downstream
beamline elements of the photoinjector to obtain minimum emittance as a
function of bunch charge. Realistic constraints are imposed on maximum field
values for the two gun types. The SRF and DC gun emittances and beam envelopes
are compared for various values of photocathode thermal emittance. The
performance of the two systems is found to be largely comparable provided low
intrinsic emittance photocathodes can be employed
On the backreaction issue for the black hole in de Sitter space-time
We consider quantum real massive scalar field in the de Sitter-Schwarzschild
space-time backround. To have an analytic head way we study in detail the
two-dimensional case, assuming that the situation in four dimensions will not
be much different conceptually. It is assumed, that quantum field is in a
thermal state i.e. described by the planckian distribution for the exact modes
in the geometry under consideration. We calculate approximately the expectation
value of stress-energy tensor near the cosmological and black hole horizons. It
is shown that for a generic temperature backreaction from quantum fields on the
geometry cannot be neglected. Thus, de Sitter-Schwarzschild space-time geometry
inevitably is strongly modified by the quantum fluctuations of the matter
fields.Comment: 10 pages, references, comments and calculation details adde
Spectral Ellipsometry and Electron Backscatter Diffraction Analyses of Silicon Surfaces Implanted with Silver Ions
© 2016, Springer Science+Business Media New York.Amorphous silicon (a-Si) produced on surfaces of single-crystal substrates (c-Si) by low-energy low-dose implantation of silver ions is studied by spectral ellipsometry and electron backscatter diffraction. Implantation was done with an ion energy of 30 keV at a constant ion beam current density of 2 μA/cm2 and doses of 6.24·1012–1.25·1016 ions/cm2 on room temperature substrate targets. Irradiation was carried out with a current density of 0.1–5 μA/cm2 for implantation doses of 6.24·1013 and 1.87·1014 ions/cm2. It was found that spectral ellipsometry is an accurate andreliable method for monitoring low-dose ion implantation processes
- …