КЛИНИКО-МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ НАСЛЕДСТВЕННОГО РАКА ЯИЧНИКА

Germ-line mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are the most established risk factors for hereditary breast and ovarian cancers. The purpose of the study was to analyze BRCA1/2 testing in ovarian cancer patients. Materials and methods. We analyzed 222 patients with ovarian cancer (OC) who underwent genetic testing. Results. Recurrent Slavic mutations in these genes were detected in 60/222 (27%) patients.104 patients lacked any clinical signs of hereditary form of the disease, however BRCA1/2 genetic defects were identified among 11 (11%) of these women. BRCA1/2-associated carcinomas were characterized by more advanced stage at diagnosis and predominance of high-grade serous histological tumor subtype. Conclusion. These results emphasize the need for BRCA1/2 testing for all patients with OC. BRCA1/2-associated carcinomas have clinical and pathological cgaracteristics, which should be considered while planning therapy. Наследственные мутации в генах BRCA1 и BRCA2 являются наиболее известными и изученными факторами риска карцином молочной железы и яичника. Цель исследования – анализ опыта BRCA1/2- тестирования больных раком яичника. Материал и методы. Проанализированы данные 222 больных раком яичника (РЯ), направленных на генетическое тестирование. Результаты. Генетический дефект в генах BRCA1/2 был выявлен у 60 (27 %) из 222 пациенток. В группе женщин без клинических признаков наследственной формы заболевания генетические дефекты BRCA1/2 были обнаружены у 11 (11 %) из 104 пациенток. BRCA1/2-ассоциированные карциномы характеризовались более поздней стадией заболевания и преобладанием низкодифференцированного серозного гистологического типа опухоли. Заключение. BRCA1/2-ассоциированные опухоли составляют значимую часть злокачественных новообразований яичника, что обусловливает целесообразность генетического тестирования для всех пациенток с РЯ. BRCA1/2-ассоциированные карциномы имеют клинические и морфологические особенности, которые необходимо учитывать при планировании терапии.

Methodological approach to the terminological analysis of the key concepts of economic security

The issue of defining concepts and developing terminology is fundamental in any science. Definitions and terms influence the final results of research. Currently, a large number of diverse approaches to the interpretation of the concept of “economic security” are presented in the scientific literature, while the content of each analyzed term reflects one or another approach of the author. Given the dynamic growth of objective interest in the requirements and practical aspects and issues of ensuring economic security, the systematization and development of the methodological apparatus for ensuring economic security, according to the authors, is a priority of scientific research. The results of a study on the substantiation of a methodological approach to conducting a terminological analysis of key concepts on the example of the maxim "economic security" are presented. This approach offers a five-step gradation of terminological constructions and allows you to highlight the key factors that most fully and accurately characterize the concept of economic security, as well as give an author's definition that meets the criteria of significance. The methodological approach is universal and can be used for terminological analysis of scientific categories both in the field of economic security and in other scientific fields

CLINICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF HEREDITARY OVARIAN CANCER

Germ-line mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are the most established risk factors for hereditary breast and ovarian cancers. The purpose of the study was to analyze BRCA1/2 testing in ovarian cancer patients. Materials and methods. We analyzed 222 patients with ovarian cancer (OC) who underwent genetic testing. Results. Recurrent Slavic mutations in these genes were detected in 60/222 (27%) patients.104 patients lacked any clinical signs of hereditary form of the disease, however BRCA1/2 genetic defects were identified among 11 (11%) of these women. BRCA1/2-associated carcinomas were characterized by more advanced stage at diagnosis and predominance of high-grade serous histological tumor subtype. Conclusion. These results emphasize the need for BRCA1/2 testing for all patients with OC. BRCA1/2-associated carcinomas have clinical and pathological cgaracteristics, which should be considered while planning therapy