Activités antibactérienne et cytotoxique In vitro de différents extraits des écorces du tronc de Diospyros canaliculata (Ebenaceae)

In this study, we have evaluated the antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of the aqueous, Hexane, ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts of Diospyros canaliculata. The study of the antimicrobial activity has been achieved by the Agar well diffusion method for the determination of the the inhibition zones and the liquide dilution method for the determination of the minimal inhibition concentraion of the different extracts on ten bacterial strains implicated in several human infections. Brine Shrimp lethality bioassay was used in the cytotoxicity investigations. The results showed a weak inhibitory activity of the aqueous extract, on 9 of the 10 microbial strains. Ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts also presented a weak inhibitory effects though active on all the tested bacterial strains. On the other hand a strong antibacterial activity of the hexane extrat was observed on all the tested pathogenic agents. Cytotoxic assay showed that the different extracts were non toxic. The LD50 has been determined only for the ethyl acetate extract. It was of 495.156 μg/ml. The results of this study indicated that this plants could be used in the control of the pathology implicated bacteria.Keywords: Diospyros canaliculata, antibacterial activity, cytotoxicityR ésum é Dans cette tude, nous avons valu les activits antimicrobienne et cytotoxique des extraits l\'eau, l\'hexane, l\'actate d\'thyle et au mthanol de Diospyros canaliculata. L\'tude de l\'activit antimicrobienne a t ralise par les techniques de diffusion par puits sur glose pour la dtermination des diamtres des zones d\'inhibition et de dilution en milieu liquide pour la dtermination des concentrations minimales inhibitrices (CMI) des diffrents extraits sur dix souches bactriennes impliques dans plusieurs infections humaines. La cytotoxicit de ces extraits a quant elle t dtermine sur les crevettes par la technique de dilution l\'eau sale. Les rsultats ont montr une faible activit inhibitrice de l\'extrait aqueux, actif sur 9 des 10 souches microbiennes. Les extraits l\'actate d\'thyle et au mthano ont galement prsent un faible effet inhibiteur bien qu\'actif sur toutes les souches bactriennes testes. Par contre une forte activit de l\'extrait l\'hexane a t observe sur les agents pathognes. Les tudes cytotoxiques ont montres que les diffrents extraits taient non toxiques. La DL 50 n\'a pu tre dtermine que pour l\'extrait l\'acate d\'ethyle. Elle tait de 495,156 μg/ml. Les rsultats obtenus dans cette tude ont montr que cette plante pouvait tre utilise dans le contrle des pathologie lies aux bactries.Mots cls: Diospyros canaliculata, activit antibactrienne, cytotoxicitWest African Journal of Pharmacology and Drug Research Vol. 20(1&2) 2005: 22-2

Evaluation of antidiarrhoeal activity of the fruit-rind of Picralima nitida (Apocynaceae)

The methanol (M) extract of the fruit-rind of Picralima nitida (PN) (Apocynaceae) was tested for its anti-diarrhoeal activity. Like loperamide (3 mg/kg body weight), a single oral dose of PN-M (375, 750 mg/kg body weight) produced a significant decrease in the frequency of defecation and severity of diarrhoea. To understand the mechanism of its anti-diarrhoeal activity, its effect was further evaluated on intestinal transit; castor oil-induced intestinal fluid accumulation (enteropooling) and electrolyte concentration in the small intestinal fluid. PN-M produced a decrease in intestinal transit (18.81-21.86%) as compared to castor oil treated animals. Unlike atropine, PN-M significantly inhibited castor oil-induced enteropooling. However it did not alter the electrolyte concentration in intestinal fluid as compared to castor oil treated rats. Keywords: Picralima nitida, antidiarrhoeal activity, castor oil African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines Vol. 3(4) 2006: 66-7

Etudes pharmacocinétiques de Gladiolus gregasius Baker et Newbouldia laevis seem, plantes médicinales à propriés antimicrobiennes

No Abstract. Journal of the Cameroon Academy of Sciences Vol. 5(2&3) 2005: 79-8

Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of the fruitrind of Picralima nitida (Aapocynaceae) and the stem bark of Cylicodscus gabunensis (Mimosaceae)

Ethyl acetate(EA) extract of the stem bark of Cylicodiscus gabunensis (CG) and methanol(M) extract of the fruit-rinds of Picralima nitida (PN) were analysed phytochemically and evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against 17 pathogenic species isolated from patient: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella flexneri, Morganella morganii, Proteus vulgaris, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella thyphi, Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter cloacae, Enterobacter agglomerans, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus feacalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus T, Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. Alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, polyphenols, cardiac glycoside and glycoside were detected in the (M) extract of PN whereas flavonoids, saponins, tannins, polyphenols, coumarins, triterpenes and/or sterols and reducing sugars were detected in the (EA) extract of CG. The best MIC and MBC values for the microorganisms sensitive to the (EA) extract of CG were 0.00078 and 0.00315mg/ml respectively whereas its were 0.00078 and 0.001525mg/ml respectively to the methanol extract of PN. The greater and remarkable antimicrobial activities of the (EA) extract of CG were recorded with Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus vulgaris and Bacillus cereus T whereas it was recorded with Proteus mirabilis for the (M) extract of PN. These results provide a rationalization for the traditional use of both plants for the treatment of infections diseases. Keywords: Antimicrobial activity, Cylicodiscus gabunensis, Picralima nitida West African Journal of Pharmacology and Drug Research Vol. 21 (1&2) 2005: pp. 6-1

Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of the Stem Bark of Cylicodiscus Gabunensis (Mimosaceae)

Ethyl acetate(EA) extract of the stem bark of Cylicodiscus gabunensis (CG) was analysed phytochemically and evaluated for its antimicrobial activity against 17 pathogenic species isolated from patient: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella flexneri, Morganella morganii, Proteus vulgaris, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella typhi, Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter cloacae, Enterobacter agglomerans, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus feacalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus T, Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. Flavonoids, saponins, tannins, polyphenols, coumarins, triterpenes and/or sterols and reducing sugars were detected in the (EA) extract of CG. The best MIC and MBC values for the microorganisms sensitive to the extract were 0.00078 and 0.00315 mg/ml respectively. The greater and remarkable antimicrobial activity of the (EA) extract of CG was recorded with Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus vulgaris and Bacillus cereus T. These results provide a rationalization for the traditional use of this plant for the treatment of infections diseases

EVALUATION OF ANTIDIARRHOEAL ACTIVITY OF THE FRUIT-RIND OF PICRALIMA NITIDA (APOCYNACEAE)

The methanol (M) extract of the fruit-rind of Picralima nitida (PN) (Apocynaceae) was tested for its anti-diarrhoeal activity. Like loperamide (3 mg/kg body weight), a single oral dose of PN-M (375, 750 mg/kg body weight) produced a significant decrease in the frequency of defecation and severity of diarrhoea. To understand the mechanism of its anti-diarrhoeal activity, its effect was further evaluated on intestinal transit; castor oil-induced intestinal fluid accumulation (enteropooling) and electrolyte concentration in the small intestinal fluid. PN-M produced a decrease in intestinal transit (18.81-21.86%) as compared to castor oil treated animals. Unlike atropine, PN-M significantly inhibited castor oil-induced enteropooling. However it did not alter the electrolyte concentration in intestinal fluid as compared to castor oil treated rats

Evidence of Intra-Familial Transmission of an HIV-1 M/O Intergroup Recombinant Virus

International audienc

Evidence of Intra-Familial Transmission of an HIV-1 M/O Intergroup Recombinant Virus

International audienc