How service design cues help in service failures

Terres, M. D. S., Herter, M. M., Pinto, D. C., & Mazzon, J. A. (2020). The power of sophistication: How service design cues help in service failures. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 19(3), 277-290. https://doi.org/10.1002/cb.1816By analyzing three experimental studies, this research tests how and when sophisticated service environment designs (compared to modest service designs) can minimize consumers' negative emotions and increase repurchase intentions after a failure. Drawing on part-list cueing literature, this research proposes that when a service failure occurs in a sophisticated (vs. modest) environment, consumers will rely on the sophisticated style of design as cues for service quality. We argue that sophisticated (vs. modest) service designs work as strong cues for quality that restrict the retrieval of negative information by consumers and can minimize the negative impacts of service failure, reducing consumers' negative emotions and increasing repurchase intentions. We further advance our theorizing by showing how choice failure consequences (i.e., the risk or consequence related to the service choice) moderate the effects via associative pathways of retrieval. The findings contribute to theory and practice by revealing how service designs can serve as cues to mitigate adverse consequences of service failure.authorsversionpublishe

Adherence to antibiotic treatment guidelines and outcomes in the hospitalized elderly with different types of pneumonia

Background: Few studies evaluated the clinical outcomes of Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP), Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia (HAP) and Health Care-Associated Pneumonia (HCAP) in relation to the adherence of antibiotic treatment to the guidelines of the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and the American Thoracic Society (ATS) in hospitalized elderly people (65 years or older). Methods: Data were obtained from REPOSI, a prospective registry held in 87 Italian internal medicine and geriatric wards. Patients with a diagnosis of pneumonia (ICD-9 480-487) or prescribed with an antibiotic for pneumonia as indication were selected. The empirical antibiotic regimen was defined to be adherent to guidelines if concordant with the treatment regimens recommended by IDSA/ATS for CAP, HAP, and HCAP. Outcomes were assessed by logistic regression models. Results: A diagnosis of pneumonia was made in 317 patients. Only 38.8% of them received an empirical antibiotic regimen that was adherent to guidelines. However, no significant association was found between adherence to guidelines and outcomes. Having HAP, older age, and higher CIRS severity index were the main factors associated with in-hospital mortality. Conclusions: The adherence to antibiotic treatment guidelines was poor, particularly for HAP and HCAP, suggesting the need for more adherence to the optimal management of antibiotics in the elderly with pneumonia

Effetti di 40 m di clenbuterolo sulla funzione respiratoria e cardiovascolare confronto fra aerosol dosato e compresse

The study investigates the effect of tablet and metered aerosol of clenbuterol on the airway tone and cardiovascular parameters in asthmatic

Bronchodilating activity of two new beta2 agonists: Study of dose-response curves by probit analysis

Eleven asthmatic subjects with reversible airway obstruction were examined in order to evaluate the potency, effectiveness, and side effects of two new beta2 agonist agents, naminterol and etanterol, compared with those of inhaled placebo. Dose-response curves were constructed plotting the cumulative log doses (from 50 to 3,200 \u3bcg delivered from an intermittent positive pressure breathing device) with the induced changes of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and specific conductance of airways (SGaw) after the inhalation of each dose of the agents under investigation. By probit regression analysis we obtained the median effective dose (ED50) with its fiducial limits (mean \ub1 SE) for FEV1 (naminterol: 131 \ub1 25 \u3bcg; etanterol: 174 \ub1 33 \u3bcg) and SGaw (naminterol: 159 \ub1 25 \u3bcg; etanterol: 199 \ub1 38 \u3bcg) and the effects at ED50 on FEV1 (naminterol: 22.4 \ub1 4.0%, etanterol: 27.6 \ub1 5.0%) and SGaw (naminterol: 94.5 \ub1 14.9%; etanterol: 119.4 \ub1 14.9%). We regarded these values as indexes of the potency and the effectiveness of the agents, respectively. The cardiovascular parameters (systolic and diastolic arterial pressure and heart rate) did not change significantly after any dose with the exception of a significant fall (4.9 mmHg) of systolic pressure after the inhalation of 800 \u3bcg of etanterol. No patient complained of tremor. Both drugs showed good bronchodilating activity without significant cardiovascular or muscular side effects. At ED50, etanterol induced a larger effect of FEV1 and SGaw than naminterol

The bronchodilatory and cardiovascular effects of inhaled naminterol, etanterol, and salbutamol in stable asthmatics

In this study we compared the effects of two new bronchodilators, naminterol and etanterol, with those of salbutamol at the same dosage (200 \u3bcg) delivered by metered aerosols. Ten stable asthmatics, aged 34 to 55, with reversible limitation of airflow entered the study. Vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), volume of thoracic gas, specific conductance of airways, cardiac rate, and arterial systolic and diastolic pressures were measured at baseline and 5, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, and 360 minutes after inhalations of treatments on three study days in random order. All treatments caused sustained bronchodilation without any significant changes in the cardiovascular parameters. The peak percent changes from baseline values of FEV1 and specific airway conductance were recorded, respectively, 180 and 120 minutes after naminterol, 120 and 90 minutes after etanterol, and 90 and 60 minutes after salbutamol. The maximal decrease of respiratory trapped gas was observed 240 minutes after naminterol and 180 minutes after both salbutamol and etanterol. The effects of naminterol and salbutamol were similar but naminterol displayed a more prolonged effect. Etanterol showed an intermediate onset of action with a slighly smaller bronchodilating effect, which may be explained by the use of a less than equipotent dose and by the slightly better average baseline condition of the patients. The efficacy and selectivity of naminterol and etanterol suggest a possible role of these agents in the treatment of reversible airway obstruction