Evaluation of innovative technology market potential on the basis of technology audit

Enterprise innovation activity supposes coordinated technical and business processes of decision-making and its performance required for successful transformation of new product or service from concept to market. The purpose of this study is to develop valuation methods of innovative technology market potential and prospects of their introduction into the production enterprise activity. In order to achieve this goal, we used brand new evaluation tool, this is technology audit conception, application of which increased significantly the accuracy and reliability of technology market potential evaluation. Clarification of terminological essence of technological audit allowed the authors to discover the content of technology audit components required for the market research and thereupon to develop evaluation mechanism for innovative technology market potential using technology audit. This mechanism is built on structure evaluation table of technology market potential level detection as an object of commercialization. To ensure the efficiency of practical effect of the mechanism proposed, the authors systematized and completed methods of functional analysis and scanning of market environment for the purpose of qualitative comprehensive evaluation and innovative technology market potential forecasting. Introduction of the proposed evaluation method for technology market potential will result in the improvement of efficiency of enterprise innovation activity due to more rational distribution of available resources and immediate financing of developments with greater market potential

Fukushima plutonium effect and blow-up regimes in neutron-multiplying media

It is shown that the capture and fission cross-sections of 238U and 239Pu increase with temperature within 1000-3000 K range, in contrast to those of 235U, that under certain conditions may lead to the so-called blow-up modes, stimulating the anomalous neutron flux and nuclear fuel temperature growth. Some features of the blow-up regimes in neutron-multiplying media are discussed.Comment: 15 pages, 8 figures. (v2: numerous corrections and style improvements). arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1207.369

ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ТОКСИЧНОСТІ C-ФІКОЦІАНІНУ У РИБ ГУППІ ТА ІНФУЗОРІЇ PARAMECIUM CAUDATUM

One of the important and urgent tasks, whose successful solution depends on the supply of food to the population, is to increase the production of livestock products. Ensuring a high level of production of livestock products largely depends on the quality of feed, which is determined, first of all, by toxicological control. C-phycocyanin is a protein complex that belongs to phycobiliproteins and can be used as one of the potential natural components to improve the feeding of commercial fish. In order to establish the safety of the use of active feed components for feeding and ready-made feed into which these components are introduced, first of all, it is necessary to study their effect on the organisms of protozoa and fish, which are used for laboratory research. The high sensitivity of ciliates to the appearance of toxic substances in their environment and changes in their concentration led to the use of these organisms for testing the most diverse chemical elements and compounds. The article presents the results of studying the effect (harmlessness) of C-phycocyanin on the bodies of protozoa (Paramecium caudatum) and guppy fish. When studying the effect of C-phycocyanin on the body of protozoa (Paramecium caudatum), it was established that its use for 48 hours in doses of 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 mg/l did not cause the death of ciliates. When studying the effect of C-phycocyanin on the body of guppy fish, it was established that its use in doses of 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 mg/l did not cause the death of fish. So, on the basis of the conducted research, it was established that C-phycocyanin belongs to class 4, and is a non-toxic substance for Paramecium caudatum ciliates. In addition, it was established that its use in the above doses did not cause the death of fish, and its LC50 is higher than 100 mg/l.Одним з важливих і невідкладних завдань, від успішного вирішення яких залежить постачання населенню продуктів харчування, є збільшення виробництва продуктів тваринництва. Забезпечення високого рівня виробництва продукції тваринництва значною мірою залежить від якості кормів, яка визначається, перш за все, токсикологічним контролем. С-фікоціанін є протеїновим комплексом, який належить до фікобіліпротеїнів і може застосовуватись як один із потенційних природних компонентів для покращення годівлі промислових риб. З метою встановлення безпечності використання для годівлі діючих компонентів корму і готового корму, до складу якого вводяться ці компоненти, в першу чергу, необхідно вивчити їх вплив на організм найпростіших і риб, які використовуються для лабораторних досліджень. Висока чутливість інфузорій до появи в оточуючому її середовищі токсичних речовин та зміна їхньої концентрації зумовила використання цих організмів для тестування найрізноманітніших, за хімічною природою, елементів та сполук. У статті наведені результати вивчення впливу (нешкідливість) С-фікоціаніну на організм найпростіших (Paramecium caudatum) і риб гупі. При вивченні впливу С-фікоціаніну на організм найпростіших (Paramecium caudatum) було встановлено, що його застосування упродовж 48 год у дозах 5, 10, 25, 50 та 100 мг/л не викликало загибелі інфузорій. При вивченні впливу С-фікоціаніну на організм риб гупі було встановлено, що його застосування у дозах 5, 10, 25, 50 та 100 мг/л не викликало їх загибелі. Отже, на основі проведених досліджень було встановлено, що С-фікоціанін належить до 4 класу, тобто є не токсичною речовиною для інфузорій Paramecium caudatum. Крім того, було встановлено, що його застосування у вище вказаних дозах не викликало загибелі риб, а його ЛК50 є вищою, ніж 100 мг/л

Determining the toxicity of the biomass of Cladophora sp.

Finding new or alternative feeds, feed additives, and raw materials safe for health and the environment is significant in intensifying livestock production. At the same time, the fodder base obtained from aquatic ecosystems – algae – deserves special attention. The advantage of using algae as fodder is using small areas for their cultivation and a high reproduction rate. In addition, algae are grown where other plants cannot grow, and the productivity of algae is several times higher than that of higher plants. Algae can produce beneficial compounds and biomass, which are also used to increase the nutritional value of food products. Biomass obtained from algae is a source of necessary vitamins, minerals, proteins, polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidants, and other necessary nutrients. The composition of algae depends on the environment from which this biomass is collected, the conditions of algae cultivation, the season, the species of algae, and many other factors. In addition, it should be noted that some algae, out of the total amount, are toxic when consumed. That is why it is essential to research their toxicity. The article presents the results of studying the toxicity of the biomass of Cladophora sp. on the body of guppy fish. When studying the effect of biomass Cladophora sp. on the body of guppy fish, it was established that its use for 96 hours in doses of 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 mg/l did not cause their death, and its LC50 is higher than 100 mg/l. In addition, no changes were detected in the behavior of the fish; they were active, mobile, and actively responding to external stimuli. The fish of the experimental groups were not distinguished from those of the control group

Environmental and Technological Problems of Rational Use of Secondary Resources for Processing Grapes

Rational use of grapes processing resources is among environmental problems of AIC of Republics of the North Caucasus and Krasnodar Territory. Currently, waste from grapes processing is not practically used and worsen the ecological state of environment. The research subject is a technology based on the production of cryo-powder from pulp, squeeze, seeds and grapes skin grown in the foothill and mountainous regions. The prerequisites for research were previously performed author works on related topics. The data on vacuum SHF-drying of grape raw materials and subsequent grinding in a cryomiller are given. Modes of preparation of grape raw materials and its subsequent dehydration and cryo-grinding, which provide the possibility of successful use in the dried state in the production technology of wine beverages, are proposed. The principal feature is the use of whole grapes as a raw material, with skin and seeds. Physico-chemical parameters, the content of phenolic substances and organoleptic characteristics of wine beverages made according to the traditional technology and the beverage made from grape cryo-powders are studied. A comparative assessment is made. It is established that vacuum SHF-drying contributes to better preservation of the properties of raw materials and finished products. The organoleptic assessment has shown that wine beverages developed according to the proposed technology had a more intense color and a more pronounced taste of sweetness and acid than traditional wine beverages. The advantage of this technology is the ability to transport grape cryo-powders in unregulated temperature conditions to any point close to the consumer and carry out the production of nutritional food there

On some fundamental peculiarities of the traveling wave reactor

On the basis of the condition for nuclear burning wave existence in the neutron-multiplicating media (U-Pu and Th-U cycles) we show the possibility of surmounting the so-called dpa-parameter problem, and suggest an algorithm of the optimal nuclear burning wave mode adjustment, which is supposed to yield the wave parameters (fluence/neutron flux, width and speed of nuclear burning wave) that satisfy the dpa-condition associated with the tolerable level of the reactor materials radioactive stability, in particular that of the cladding materials. It is shown for the first time that the capture and fission cross-sections of $^{238}$U and $^{239}$Pu increase with temperature within 1000-3000K range, which under certain conditions may lead to a global loss of the nuclear burning wave stability. Some variants of the possible stability loss due to the so-called blow-up modes (anomalous nuclear fuel temperature and neutron flow evolution) are discussed and are found to possibly become a reason for a trivial violation of the traveling wave reactor internal safety.Comment: 44 pages, 19 figures, 2 table

Elemental Composition of Kelp Thalli (<i>Laminariae thalli</i>) of Various Origins

Brown seaweeds (Laminariaceae) vary considerably in the content of toxic and essential elements; these variations depend on the taxonomic group and geographical factors. Seaweeds are extensively used in the food industry and widely applied in medicine for both humans and animals. Therefore, it is relevant to examine the correlation between the elemental composition and the geographical origin of kelp thalli obtained from different sources.The aim of the study was to collect, collate, and analyse primary and secondary data on the accumulation of essential, toxic and potentially carcinogenic elements, including iodine, in the thalli of brown seaweeds (Laminariaceae).Materials and methods. This study investigated the concentrations of 17 elements in Laminaria spp. (Al, As, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Se, Pb, Sr, V, Zn, and I). Experiments were conducted on an Agilent 7900 inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. The authors studied publications on the elemental composition of brown seaweeds (Laminariaceae) using literature search and data analysis methods.Results. This article reflects the updated classification of brown seaweeds (Laminariaceae) and summarises information about the mechanisms by which iodine and other elements accumulate in the thallus. The authors established species-specific variations in the order of element uptake and in the accumulation of elemental toxicants. The mutual influence of elements on their accumulation in brown seaweeds (Laminariaceae) was evaluated using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients.Conclusions. The study results can inform the implementation of a risk-based quality control strategy for herbal medicinal products aimed at reducing human exposure to toxic elements. The authors suggest that the upper limit of iodine content in kelp-based food products should be standardised