1,290 research outputs found
CURRENT TAX ISSUES OF THE GAS INDUSTRY
The Russian gas industry refers to the basic sectors of the economy, providing a significant proportion of state revenues, including the tax on mineral extraction. The mechanism of its collection in terms of gas and gas condensate has undergone significant changes, entered into force 01.07.2014. The introduction of the flexible tax mechanisms in the area of gas extraction contributes not only filling the budget, but also improves the extraction rates of hydrocarbons across the country, and therefore increases the energy security of Russia in the long term.The Russian gas industry refers to the basic sectors of the economy, providing a significant proportion of state revenues, including the tax on mineral extraction. The mechanism of its collection in terms of gas and gas condensate has undergone significant changes, entered into force 01.07.2014. The introduction of the flexible tax mechanisms in the area of gas extraction contributes not only filling the budget, but also improves the extraction rates of hydrocarbons across the country, and therefore increases the energy security of Russia in the long term
Phase stability, ordering tendencies, and magnetism in single-phase fcc Au-Fe nanoalloys
Bulk Au-Fe alloys separate into Au-based fcc and Fe-based bcc phases, but
L1 and L1 orderings were reported in single-phase Au-Fe nanoparticles.
Motivated by these observations, we study the structural and ordering
energetics in this alloy by combining density functional theory (DFT)
calculations with effective Hamiltonian techniques: a cluster expansion with
structural filters, and the configuration-dependent lattice deformation model.
The phase separation tendency in Au-Fe persists even if the fcc-bcc
decomposition is suppressed. The relative stability of disordered bcc and fcc
phases observed in nanoparticles is reproduced, but the fully ordered L1
AuFe, L1 AuFe, and L1 AuFe structures are unstable in DFT.
However, a tendency to form concentration waves at the corresponding [001]
ordering vector is revealed in nearly-random alloys in a certain range of
concentrations. This incipient ordering requires enrichment by Fe relative to
the equiatomic composition, which may occur in the core of a nanoparticle due
to the segregation of Au to the surface. Effects of magnetism on the chemical
ordering are also discussed.Comment: 23 pages, 11 figure
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