A Newly Identified Monoterpenoid-Based Small Molecule Able to Support the Survival of Primary Cultured Dopamine Neurons and Alleviate MPTP-Induced Toxicity In Vivo

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the most common age-related movement disorder characterized by the progressive loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. To date, PD treatment strategies are mostly based on dopamine replacement medicines, which can alleviate motor symptoms but do not slow down the progression of neurodegeneration. Thus, there is a need for disease-modifying PD therapies. The aim of this work was to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of the novel compound PA96 on dopamine neurons in vivo and in vitro, assess its ability to alleviate motor deficits in MPTP- and haloperidol-based PD models, as well as PK profile and BBB penetration. PA96 was synthesized from (1R,2R,6S)-3-methyl-6-(prop-1-en-2-yl) cyclohex-3-ene-1,2-diol (Prottremin) using the original three-step stereoselective procedure. We found that PA96: (1) supported the survival of cultured näive dopamine neurons; (2) supported the survival of MPP+-challenged dopamine neurons in vitro and in vivo; (3) had chemically appropriate properties (synthesis, solubility, etc.); (4) alleviated motor deficits in MPTP- and haloperidol-based models of PD; (5) penetrated the blood–brain barrier in vivo; and (6) was eliminated from the bloodstream relative rapidly. In conclusion, the present article demonstrates the identification of PA96 as a lead compound for the future development of this compound into a clinically used drug

Метаболический ацидоз: диагностика и лечение

Metabolic acidosis is the most common child acid-base balance disorder. This condition accompanies a variety of diseases, and the degree of its severity correlates with the patients’ survival: although not a separate disease in itself, metabolic acidosis, however, can worsen the disease course and even lead to death. The pathology causes are various (in connection with life-threatening changes in various organs and systems — lungs, heart and blood vessels, kidneys, and also due to a violation of lipid metabolism, in case of diabetes, poisoning, etc.), which determines the fact that a wide range of specialists are interested in the issue. Approaches to the diagnosis simplify the search for the etiology of metabolic acidosis. This study presents data on the physiological basis of acid-base balance regulation, and its etiology and pathophysiology; the principles of therapy are observed.Метаболический ацидоз является наиболее распространенным нарушением кислотно-основного состояния у детей. Данное состояние сопровождает различные заболевания, а степень его выраженности коррелирует с выживаемостью пациентов: не являясь отдельным заболеванием, метаболический ацидоз, тем не менее, может ухудшать течение болезни и даже приводить к летальному исходу. Причины развития патологии разнообразны (в связи с жизнеугрожающим изменением работы различных органов и систем — легких, сердца и сосудов, почек, а также вследствие нарушения метаболизма липидов, при сахарном диабете, отравлениях и т. д.), что и определяет заинтересованность широкого круга специалистов к этой проблеме, а подходы к диагностике упрощают поиск этиологии метаболического ацидоза. В работе представлены сведения о физиологических основах регуляции кислотно-основного состояния, его этиологии и патофизиологии; рассмотрены принципы терапии

ВЛИЯНИЕ ПОВЕРХНОСТНОЙ СТРУКТУРЫ ТИТАНОВЫХ ИМПЛАНТАТОВ НА РЕАКЦИЮ СО СТОРОНЫ КОСТНОЙ ТКАНИ

The growth of bone tissue on titanium plates and mounting screws during surgical treatment of mandibular fractures was studied. The growth of bone tissue was more intensive on the developed surface in comparison with a polished surface. The methods of electrochemical treatment of titanium surface in order to control the regeneration process of bone tissue on the titanium constructions used during surgery were proposed.Исследовано влияние состояния поверхности крепежных накостных титановых пластин и шурупов на рост костной ткани на их поверхностях в процессе хирургического лечения переломов нижней челюсти человека и установлено, что рост костной ткани на развитой микроструктурированной поверхности происходит с большей интенсивностью по сравнению с гладкой поверхностью. Предложены методы обработки титановой поверхности с целью управления процессом регенерации костной ткани на титановых конструкциях, используемых в процессе хирургического лечения

ОПТИЧЕСКИЕ СВОЙСТВА АНОДНОГО ОКСИДА ТИТАНА И ЕГО ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ В ЧЕЛЮСТНО-ЛИЦЕВОЙ ХИРУРГИИ

Studying of anodic titania formation has showen that anodization forming factor at low anodic voltages is 3,3 nm/V, while at high anodic voltages it’s value decreases till 1,5 nm/V. The investigation of optical properties of anodic titania has showed the possibilities to tune the titania refractory index in the whole visible ranges. The application of anodic titania in maxillofacial surgery has been demonstrated for visualization of titanium objects.Исследован процесс формирования оксида титана методом электрохимического анодирования. Сформированы пленки плотного оксида титана различных цветов, установлена линейная зависимость толщины пленки оксида от напряжения формовки и параболическая зависимость коэффициента формовки от напряжения формовки. Это определяет оптические свойства образующихся оксидных пленок и возможность управления их коэффициентом отражения во всем видимом оптическом диапазоне. Опробовано использование исследуемых пленок для визуализации и маскирования объектов, используемых в челюстно-лицевой хирургии

Metabolic Acidosis: Diagnostics and Treatment

Metabolic acidosis is the most common child acid-base balance disorder. This condition accompanies a variety of diseases, and the degree of its severity correlates with the patients’ survival: although not a separate disease in itself, metabolic acidosis, however, can worsen the disease course and even lead to death. The pathology causes are various (in connection with life-threatening changes in various organs and systems — lungs, heart and blood vessels, kidneys, and also due to a violation of lipid metabolism, in case of diabetes, poisoning, etc.), which determines the fact that a wide range of specialists are interested in the issue. Approaches to the diagnosis simplify the search for the etiology of metabolic acidosis. This study presents data on the physiological basis of acid-base balance regulation, and its etiology and pathophysiology; the principles of therapy are observed

Far- and mid-infrared photoacoustic spectra of tetracene, pentacene, perylene and pyrene

Far- and mid-infrared photoacoustic (PA) spectra of tetracene, pentacene, perylene and pyrene were acquired in this study. Far-infrared data were obtained at wavenumbers down to 3c80 cm 121 using large-amplitude phase modulation in a step-scan spectrometer; many previously unreported bands were observed in these spectra. For each compound, the fingerprint region of the mid-infrared spectrum (approximately 400\u20132000 cm 121) contained a large number of bands correlated with vibrations that are predicted to be either infrared or Raman active. In addition, numerous combination and overtone bands appeared in the mid-infrared spectra. This PA investigation provides the most detailed spectral data known for these four aromatic compounds.Peer reviewed: YesNRC publication: Ye

INFLUENCE OF SURFACE STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM IMPLANTS on the response from the bone tissue

The growth of bone tissue on titanium plates and mounting screws during surgical treatment of mandibular fractures was studied. The growth of bone tissue was more intensive on the developed surface in comparison with a polished surface. The methods of electrochemical treatment of titanium surface in order to control the regeneration process of bone tissue on the titanium constructions used during surgery were proposed