Microring resonator made by ion-exchange technique for detecting the CO2, H2O, and NaCl as cladding layer

A system of Microring Resonator (MRR) based the comb-like sensor devices has been simulated. We present a Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) ring resonator based on refractive index sensor. The novelty of the architecture lies in the capability to sense the shifts of multiple peaks simultaneously with an MRR waveguide. The behavior of optical MRRs, especially when functioning as refractive index sensors, is studied. Resonant wavelength, i.e. the wavelength at which the transmission spectrum exhibits a dip (peak) depends on the geometrical characteristics of the circular waveguide and the effective refractive index of the propagating mode. The previous studies have shown that the depth and vertical symmetry of buried waveguides are noticeably affected by the field perturbation. One of cost effective and low loss methods can be the technology known as ion-exchange which uses the glass substrates and the AgNO3/NaNO3 salt-melt at different temperatures and duration can be deposited on the glass substrates. Afterward, an MRR was designed on the glass substrates, where the effect of the carbon dioxide (CO2), Dihydrogen oxide (H2O), and sodium chloride (NaCl) as the cladding on the ion-exchange waveguide studied. Within the compare of the resonance in drop port and throughput port, it can understand that they roughly have the same distance of wavelength in the resonance. H2O is one of the materials showing higher Qfactor and FSR while it was in drop port also in throughput CO2 was the highest in these parameters. Keywords: Microring Resonator (MRR), Sensor, Ion-exchang

Vertical Ge photodetector base on InP taper waveguide

In this work, simulation is conducted to investigate Ge photodetectors monolithically integrated on Si chip. The performance of vertical Germanium photodetector with FDTD Solutions (optical simulation) and electrical simulation has been studied. Selective heteroepitaxy of Ge is functioned in the monolithic integration of Ge photodetectors. The potential of CMOS-compatible monolithic integration of Ge as photodetector is investigated and the performance optimization is presented. Additionally, the investigation is extended to electrical part, particularly in the conversion efficiency as well as operation under low supplied voltage condition. Keywords: Germanium photodetector, InP taper waveguide, Silicon photonic

On the Application of Machine Learning to the Design of UAV-Based 5G Radio Access Networks

A groundbreaking design of radio access networks (RANs) is needed to fulfill 5G traffic requirements. To this aim, a cost-effective and flexible strategy consists of complementing terrestrial RANs with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). However, several problems must be solved in order to effectively deploy such UAV-based RANs (U-RANs). Indeed, due to the high complexity and heterogeneity of these networks, model-based design approaches, often relying on restrictive assumptions and constraints, exhibit severe limitation in real-world scenarios. Moreover, design of a set of appropriate protocols for such U-RANs is a highly sophisticated task. In this context, machine learning (ML) emerges as a useful tool to obtain practical and effective solutions. In this paper, we discuss why, how, and which types of ML methods are useful for designing U-RANs, by focusing in particular on supervised and reinforcement learning strategies