Influence of tricalcium silicate on course of traumatic pulpitis

The use of Tricalcium Silicate (TS) as an odontotropic preparation makes it possible to create a hermetic crown restoration with a high degree of adhesion. However, the use of TS silicate by direct pulp capping remains disputable. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of TS on course of traumatic pulpitis by detection of morpho-functional peculiarities of changes in pulp tissue. We performed experimental investigation (on rabbits, males, aging three-month) for study of the morphofunctional changes of the pulp tissues with modeling of traumatic pulpitis and direct pulp capping with TS preparation (8 animals, investigated group) and calcium hydroxide (Calasept, NORDISKA DENTAL) preparation (8 animals, comparison group). After 2nd and 6th weeks tissues of tooth were fixed in 10% formalin with performing routine proceeding after decalcification and making histological slides which were investigated. Manifestations of protective adaptive mechanisms have been revealed in the form of inflammatory process two weeks after the injury in the pulp tissue with its resolution six weeks after performing of direct pulp capping with TS with replacement of necrotic area by connective tissue with their delimitation from viable pulp tissue against a background of intensive formation of capillaries. Morphometric study proved dynamical changes of vascular number cross-sections per 1 mm2 from 69.31±4.76 (2 weeks) to 47.38±4.12 (6 weeks) with 49.2±3.47 vascular density in intact group. Cellular density of odontoblasts as changed from 3.92±1.03 x103 per 1 mm2 (2 weeks) to 7.49±1.51 x103 per 1 mm2 (6 weeks) with 8.3±1.02 x103 per 1 mm2 cellular density in intact group. Thus it can be argued that the use of TS as a material for direct pulp capping promotes more active regeneration processes. Целью исследования явилось определение влияния трикальцийсиликата на течение травматического пульпита. Поставлен эксперимент на 3-месячных кроликахсамцах для изучения морфофункциональных изменений ткани пульпы с моделированием травматического пульпита и прямым покрытием пульпы трикальцийсиликатом (8 животных, исследуемая группа) и гидроксидом кальция (Calasept, NORDISKA DENTAL) (8 животных, группа сравнения). Спустя 2 и 6 недели ткани зуба фиксировали в 10% формалине и после декальцификации и рутинной проводки исследовали гистологические препараты. Спустя 2 недели после нанесения травмы в ткани пульпы обнаружены проявления защитно-приспособительных механизмов в виде воспалительного процесса с его разрешением, при котором наблюдается замещение зоны некроза соединительной тканью на фоне интенсивного новообразования капилляров, что характеризуется изменением плотности сосудов микроциркуляторного русла. Морфометрическое исследование показало динамические изменения количества сосудистых сечений с 69,31±4,76/мм2 (2 недели) до 47,38±4,12/мм2 (6 недель) при 49,2±3,47/мм2 в интактной группе. Плотность одонтобластов изменилась с 3,92±1,03×103/мм2 (2 недели) до 7,49±1,51×103/мм2 (6 недель) при 8,3±1,02×103/мм2 клеточной плотности в интактной группе. Таким образом, следует предположить, что использование трикальцийсиликата в качестве материала для прямого покрытия пульпы способствует более активным процессам регенерации

Implementation and analysis of Babesia immunoassay testing

Lifelong withdrawal from the donor population of those who have been diagnosed with babesiosis must be used for transmission prevention. The aim of the study was a detection of Babesia antibodies level with the usage of experimental Babesia divergens whole-cell slide antigen and commercial B. microti immunofluorescence assay substrate slide (Fuller Laboratories, USA). Methods. Experimental B. divergens whole-cell slide antigen in addition to commercial B. microti IFA substrate slide was used to create a diagnostic kit for serum Babesia antibodies level detecting, as well as for a babesiosis serodiagnosis clinical trial of different origins blood samples (patients with Lyme disease, rheumatoid arthritis and toxoplasmosis; human blood donors; cattle). Results. Antibodies to B. divergens (5.4%) and B. microti (2.3%) were detected with higher (p <0.05) frequency at Lyme disease patients (16.7%) than at blood donors (1.7%). Diagnostically significant IgG titres (= 1:128) were found in 13.3% of blood samples from Lyme disease patients and 1.7% from blood donors. Specific IgM were also found in 13.3% blood samples from Lyme disease patients. Among blood samples from Lyme disease patients, in which diagnostically significant titres of Babesia antibodies were detected (16.7%), 60% of them were represented by IgG and IgM (rA= 0.63), and in 40% only one of them reached diagnostically significant titre. Conclusions. Advantages of babesiosis IFA diagnostics are combined with its significant disadvantages (principle of evaluation, low sensitivity in the initial period of the disease, probability of false positives, absence of validated test systems and research protocols for B. divergens and B. divergens-like species)

Anaplasmosis: experimental immunodeficient state mod

The recently described anaplasmosis infection is widespread but concerns to the insufficiently known group of diseases. The aim of our research is the development of uniform biological model for reproducing of artificial immunodeficient state by experimental anaplasmosis. Materials and methods: Algorithm of experimental anaplasmosis reproducing, consisted of such consecutive stages: 1) artificial forming of the immunodeficient state at nonlinear white mise (Mus musculus L.); 2) preparation of the tested biological material samples; 3) inoculation by prepared samples of the laboratory animals with the artificially formed immunodeficient state; 4) sampling from the dead or slaughtered (by the method of chloroformed anesthesia) experimental animals of sectional material (organs and targets tissues); 5) verification of aetiology by express detection of causative agents by the method of PCR in the selected samples of sectional material. Results: Biological model of experimental anaplasmosis have been created suitable for realization of both diagnostic and epidemiological, epizootic, ecobiological and other researches of different origin biological material samples, including samples of solid and liquid consistency material. Formed model realised in premature death of experimental animals in 17.4 % cases; resulted in an onset of disease clinical signs without death during the term of supervision in 43.8 % cases; coursed in the absence of the expressed symptoms of infection in 31.3 % cases. Conclusions: Developed biological model of experimental anaplasmosis consists in that as laboratory animals with the increased sensitiveness to the infection and accumulation of causative agent are used white nonlinear mice with the artificially formed immunodeficient state

Cytological transformation of the cervix in immunodeficiency aggravated by alcoholism

Comorbid pathology, high mortality and disability remain an urgent problem for people with the development of an immunodeficiency state, including women of reproductive age

Seroprevalence of babesiosis in immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals

Interest in Babesia species is gaining an increasing attention as an emerging tick-borne pathogen. Infection is primarily transmitted through Ixodes ticks, and alternatively by blood transfusions from asymptomatic donors. The aim of the study was detection of Babesia seroprevalence in different groups of population with the usage of experimental B. divergens whole-cell slide antigen and commercial B. microti immunofluorescence assay substrate slide. Materials and methods. Indirect immunofluorescence assay trial was performed by testing of 145 blood samples of different origins: healthy individuals (60 – blood donors), risk groups (30 – HIV-infected individuals, 30 – Lyme disease patients) and false-positive IFA controls (10 – seropositive rheumatoid arthritis patients, 15 – patients with toxoplasmosis). Results. The study revealed Babesia antibodies to B. divergens (6.9%) and B. microti (3.4%) that were detected with higher (p <0.05) frequency in HIV-infected individuals (26.7%) and in Lyme disease patients (16.7%) than at blood donors (1.7%). Diagnostically significant IgG titres were detected at 23.3% HIV-infected individuals, 13.3% Lyme disease patients and by 1.7% of blood donors and patients with seropositive latent toxoplasmosis. Specific IgM were detected at 20.0% HIV-infected individuals and 13.3% Lyme disease patients. 57.1% of diagnostically significant titres in HIV-infected and Lyme disease patients were represented by IgG and IgM. Conclusion. Immunofluorescence assay has a limited use in babesiosis: in acute form with negative microscopy or PCR; in chronic, asymptomatic and subclinical form with low level of parasitemia; and in retrospective and epidemiological studies of the population immune structure. Clinicians need to have increased awareness of babesiosis, and further studies are needed to clarify the optimal management of this infection in risk groups (including HIV-infected patients and blood donors)

The influence of immunodeficiency on the level of CD34-positive cells in the cervix

There are many studies on changes in cervix, however, there are no data about property of cervical tissue to keep potential for regeneration under influence of immunodeficiency, which is very important since it allows escaping severe irreversible changes in tissue. CD34 stem cells are one of significant indicator for property of tissual regeneration. So, the purpose of our study was to identify amount of CD34 stem cells in the cervix under influence of immunodeficiency of infectious and non-infectious origin. Materials and methods. Sectional material of reproductive women was studied. All subjects were divided into 3 groups: women who were diagnosed with HIV infection; women who have identified anamnestic and postmortem signs of alcohol abuse; group of comparison. After routine testing and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining to CD34, morphometric measure was performed. We evaluate presence activities of stromal cells for detection of connection and relationship between expression of CD34 and the thickness of the cervical epithelium, relative volumes of condyloma, cervical dysplasia severity, degree of infiltration of the mucosal lamina propria by immunocompetent cells. The obtained digital data were statistically processed. Results. Morphological investigation revealed changes of thickness of the cervical stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium up to 714.23±59.21 x 10-6 m in group of HIVinfected women. Relative volumes of condylomas were increased in both investigated groups with presence of pointed, flat and inverted types. Both low- and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions were detected more often in investigated goups. Assessment of the degree of infiltration of the mucosal lamina propria by immunocompetent cells was changed unevenly with reducing in HIV-group and increasing in alcohol group. Results of ICH reaction CD34 realized in cytoplasmic staining with membranous accentuation in all cases of control group with strong, but reduced level in investigated groups. Most close connection was observed for cervical dysplasia severity and CD34 expression. Conclusions.HIV infection and alcohol abuse have pronounced pathological effects with cervical changes. The expression of CD34 is present in 96% of women with immunodeficiency mainly with strong reaction. It is statistically likely that it does not depend on such morphological indicators as thickness of the cervical epithelium, relative volumes of condyloma, degree of infiltration of the mucosal lamina propria by immunocompetent cells. The expression of CD34 has statistically close negative connection with cervical dysplasia severity (r=-0,81) and can be used for detection of early potential of tissual transformation in women with immunodeficiency