Hole-Phonon Relaxation and Photocatalytic Properties of Titanium Dioxide and Zinc Oxide: First-Principles Approach

First-principles calculations for the temporal characteristics of hole-phonon relaxation in the valence band of titanium dioxide and zinc oxide have been performed. A first-principles method for the calculations of the quasistationary distribution function of holes has been developed. The results show that the quasistationary distribution of the holes in TiO2 extends to an energy level approximately 1eV below the top of the valence band. This conclusion in turn helps to elucidate the origin of the spectral dependence of the photocatalytic activity of TiO2. Analysis of the analogous data for ZnO shows that in this material spectral dependence of photocatalytic activity in the oxidative reactions is unlikely.The authors acknowledge financial support from the Spanish MICINN (Grant no. FIS2010-19609-C02-01), the Departamento de Educacion del Gobierno Vasco, the University of the Basque Country (Grant no. GIC07-IT-366-07), and the Presidium of the Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (Grant no. 12-U-3-1001). The help of Professor L. Baker in the preparation of the paper is also greatly acknowledged. The calculations were performed using the URAN cluster of the Institute of Mathematics and Mechanics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg

SPECIFIC AND NONSPECIFIC IMMUNOREACTIVITY AT THE EXPERIMENTAL TUMOR PROCESS

Immunization with xenogeneous tissue antigens is able to interrupt innate immune tolerance interfering immune response to autological analogues. The main part of the differentiation antigens is known to be normally expressed on the surface of numerous organs cells including testis. Thus, anticancer vaccine based on sheep testis spermatogenic epithelium lysed cells reveals notable protective effect in experiment. In this work we decided to investigate immunological aspects of the vaccination resulting in tumor mice lifetime increase. Following, testicular antigen vaccination of the tumor mice is established in addition to the lifetime increase to cause substantial helper and regulatory cells subpopulation increase to stimulate neutrophil release and to intensify tumor neutrophil infiltrate

New materials based on polylactide modified with silver and carbon ions

An integrated study of poly-L-lactide (PL) synthesis and the physicochemical properties of film surfaces, both modified by silver and carbon ion implantation and also unmodified PL surfaces, has been carried out. Surface modification was done using aMevva-5.Ru metal ion source with ion implantation doses of 1·1014, 1·1015 and 1·1016 ion/cm2. Material characterization was done using NMR, IRS, XPS and AFM. The molecular weight (MW), micro-hardness, surface resistivity, and limiting wetting angle of both un-implanted and implanted samples were measured. The results reveal that degradation of PL macromolecules occurs during ion implantation, followed by CO or CO2 removal and MW decrease. With increasing implantation dose, the glycerol wettability of the PL surface increases but the water affinity decreases (hydrophobic behavior). After silver and carbon ion implantation into the PL samples, the surface resistivity is reduced by several orders of magnitude and a tendency to micro-hardness reductionis induced

PHENOTYPIC CHARACTERIZATION AND INTRACELLULAR CYTOKINES OF MEMORY T-CELLS IN MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS PATIENTS AFTER T-CELL VACCINATION

Multiple sclerosis (RS) patients were treated with a vaccine consisted of autological mielin-reactive T-cells. Effector memory CD8+ CD45RO+CD62L- T-cells as well as central memory CD4+ CD45RO+CD62L+ and CD8+ CD45RO+CD62L+ T-cells were significantly increased in MS patients as compared with levels in healthy individuals. T-cells vaccination had no effect on the T-cells memory subpopulation composition. However, vaccine-treated RS patients had significant (by 2 fold) reduction of relative quantity of CD4+IFNγ+IL-4— and CD8+IFNγ+IL-4— memory T-cells, as well as suppression by 6 fold of CD4+ memory cells number, which produce both kinds of cytokines

A nonlinear dynamic model for heart rate response to treadmill walking exercise

A nonlinear dynamic model for heart rate response to treadmill walking exercise, Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2007. EMBS 2007. 29th Annual International Conference of the IEEE, 22-26 Aug. 2007]. This material is posted here with permission of the IEEE. Such permission of the IEEE does not in any way imply IEEE endorsement of any of the University of Technology, Sydney's products or services. Internal or personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint/republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works for resale or redistribution must be obtained from the IEEE by writing to [email protected]. By choosing to view this document, you agree to all provisions of the copyright laws protecting it A nonlinear dynamic model for heart rate response to treadmill walking exercise Teddy M. Cheng, Andrey V. Savkin, Branko G. Celler, Lu Wang, Steven W. Su Abstract-A dynamic model of the heart rate response to treadmill walking exercise is presented. The model is a feedback interconnected system; the subsystem in the forward path represents the neural response to exercise, while the subsystem in the feedback path describes the peripheral local response. The parameters of the model were estimated from 5 healthy adult male subjects, each undertaking 3 sets of walking exercise at different speeds. Simulated responses from the model closely match the experimental data both in the exercise and the recovery phases. The model will be useful in explaining the cardiovascular response to exercise and in the design of exercise protocols for individuals

Self-Control of Traffic Lights and Vehicle Flows in Urban Road Networks

Based on fluid-dynamic and many-particle (car-following) simulations of traffic flows in (urban) networks, we study the problem of coordinating incompatible traffic flows at intersections. Inspired by the observation of self-organized oscillations of pedestrian flows at bottlenecks [D. Helbing and P. Moln\'ar, Phys. Eev. E 51 (1995) 4282--4286], we propose a self-organization approach to traffic light control. The problem can be treated as multi-agent problem with interactions between vehicles and traffic lights. Specifically, our approach assumes a priority-based control of traffic lights by the vehicle flows themselves, taking into account short-sighted anticipation of vehicle flows and platoons. The considered local interactions lead to emergent coordination patterns such as ``green waves'' and achieve an efficient, decentralized traffic light control. While the proposed self-control adapts flexibly to local flow conditions and often leads to non-cyclical switching patterns with changing service sequences of different traffic flows, an almost periodic service may evolve under certain conditions and suggests the existence of a spontaneous synchronization of traffic lights despite the varying delays due to variable vehicle queues and travel times. The self-organized traffic light control is based on an optimization and a stabilization rule, each of which performs poorly at high utilizations of the road network, while their proper combination reaches a superior performance. The result is a considerable reduction not only in the average travel times, but also of their variation. Similar control approaches could be applied to the coordination of logistic and production processes

Results of geochemical research in point of location the explorative oil well

Geochemical surveys are mainly aimed at defining oil and gas perspectives of structures, revealed by seismic methods, and if it is possible, defining type of hydrocarbons filling a trap - oil, gas, gas condensate