Comparative study of quality of life, adverse effects after cytoreduction and HIPEC in stage IIIA-IIIC ovarian cancer

Nowadays cytorective surgery and HIPEC is the mainstay of management of advanced stages ovarian cancer. Study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of combined treatment in IIIA-IIIC ovarian cancer, its impact on quality of life. 37 patients of main group (CRS + HIPEC) were compared with 25 patients of control group (surgery + systemic chemotherapy). The quality of life was assessed with Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Comparative analysis of quality of life 6 months after treatment completion did not show significant statistical difference. Combination of cytoreduction with HIPEC improves quality of life in patients with ovarian cancer, is tolerated better and has less systemic toxicities than systemic chemotherapy

Free oxygen radicals regulate plasma membrane Ca2+- and K+-permeable channels in plant root cells

Free oxygen radicals are an irrefutable component of life, underlying important biochemical and physiological phenomena in animals. Here it is shown that free oxygen radicals activate plasma membrane Ca²⁺- and K⁺-permeable conductances in Arabidopsis root cell protoplasts, mediating Ca²⁺ influx and K⁺ efflux, respectively. Free oxygen radicals generate increases in cytosolic Ca²⁺ mediated by a novel population of nonselective cation channels that differ in selectivity and pharmacology from those involved in toxic Na⁺ influx. Analysis of the free oxygen radical-activated K⁺ conductance showed its similarity to the Arabidopsis root K⁺ outward rectifier. Significantly larger channel activation was found in cells responsible for perceiving environmental signals and undergoing elongation. Quenching root free oxygen radicals inhibited root elongation, confirming the role of radical-activated Ca²⁺ influx in cell growth. Net free oxygen radical-stimulated Ca²⁺ influx and K⁺ efflux were observed in root cells of monocots, dicots, C3 and C4 plants, suggesting conserved mechanisms and functions. In conclusion, two functions for free oxygen radical cation channel activation are proposed: initialization/amplification of stress signals and control of cell elongation in root growth.Vadim Demidchik, Sergey N. Shabala, Katherine B. Coutts, Mark A. Tester and Julia M. Davie

The Role of Serum Neutrophil Gelatinase-associated Lipocalin in the Early Diagnosis of Nephropathy in Patients with Acute Alcohol Poisoning

AIM: In our study, we assessed the possibility of using the serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) for the early detection of kidney damage in patients with acute alcohol poisoning (AAP). METHODS: The study included 89 patients and 30 healthy donors. All participants in the study were mostly represented by men (90%) aged between 20 and 40 years. The influence of alcohol poisoning severity was also taken into account in the study. The Human NGAL ELISA Kit was used for the quantitative detection of serum NGAL. We also evaluated the main laboratory indicators of kidney functions, including eGFR (calculated according to serum creatinine). RESULTS: We did not find a correlation between blood alcohol concentration and serum NGAL level; also, alcohol poisoning severity did not affect the NGAL values. The results of our study showed the possibility of using the serum NGAL in patients with AAP to detect the preclinical stage of reduced renal function, until the moment when it can be diagnosed with using only serum creatinine. CONCLUSION: We propose to consider an increase in eGFR together with an increase in serum NGAL in this group of patients as a stage, preceding nephropathy, even in the absence of clinical and laboratory signs of impaired renal function

Транспорт органических анионов в клетках корня и его роль в процессах клеточной сигнализации у высших растений

The organic anion balance is critical for metabolic, bioenergetic, and electrochemical processes in plant cells, controlling the quality and quantity of yield and plant stress resistance. Nevertheless, the redistribution and membrane transport of these substances in plant tissues have not been investigated in detail. The mechanism of passive anion efflux from a plant cell through the ion channels has not been established so far. Here, using the patch-clamp technique, we have characterized the ion channel-mediated conductances of ascorbate, malate, gluconate, citrate, fumarate, and pronionate in the root cells of Arabidopsis thaliana, Triticum aestivum, and Helianthus annuus. These conductances showed high permeability to ascorbate, malate, and citrate, as well as low permeability to fumarate, propionate, and gluconate. Anion channel conductances of root cells showed rapid activation kinetics and low potential dependence. They were also inhibited by 9-anthracenecarboxylic acid, suggesting that they belong to the ALMT family of anion channels found only in higher plants. Aequorin chemilu minometry was used to test the effect of organic anions on the Ca2+ signaling in root cells. Among four organic anions tested, only ascorbate induced a significant increase in the cytosolic Ca2+ activity at physiological levels (1 and 10 mM). This effect may underlie the previously unknown functions of exogenous ascorbate related to short- and long-distance signaling in higher plants.Обмен органических анионов имеет большое значение для метаболических, биоэнергетических и электрохимических процессов в растительной клетке, напрямую влияя на качественные и количественные показатели продуктивности, а также реакции стрессоустойчивости у высших растений. Тем не менее, процессы перераспределения и мембранного транспорта данных веществ в тканях растений пока исследованы крайне недостаточно, в частности, до сих пор не установлены механизмы выхода анионов из клетки так называемым пассивным путем, т. е. посредством ионных каналов. В настоящей работе с использованием метода локальной фиксации потенциала (Patch-Clamp) впервые выявлены и детально охарактеризованы анионные каналы клеток корня Arabidоpsis thaliаna, Triticum aestivum, Helianthus annuus, опосредующие выходящий поток важнейших органических анионов, таких как аскорбат, малат, глюконат, цитрат, фумарат и пропионат. Установлено, что данные транспортные системы обладают высокой проницаемостью для аскорбата, малата и цитрата, одновременно демонстрируя низкую проницаемость для фумарата, пропионата и глюконата. Анионные каналы клеток корня имеют быструю кинетику активации и низкую потенциал-зависимость, они также ингибируются 9-антраценкарбоновой кислотой, что указывает на их возможную принадлежность к семейству ионных каналов ALMT, которое существует только у высших растений. С использованием эквориновой хемилюминометрии протестировано воздействие органических анионов на процессы Са2+- сигнализации в корне, в результате чего показано, что аскорбат способен индуцировать повышение уровня цитоплазматической активности Са2+. Данный эффект может лежать в основе ранее неизвестных функций экзогенного аскорбата, связанных с обеспечением реакций ближней и дальней сигнализации у высших растений