РАЗРАБОТКА ТЕХНОЛОГИИ И НОРМАТИВНОЙ ДОКУМЕНТАЦИИ НА ИМПОРТОЗАМЕЩАЮЩИЙ ПРОДУКТ ПЕРЕРАБОТКИ БРОККОЛИ

The aim of the present investigation was development of an efficient technology for obtaining powders from fresh broccoli; determination of the possibility of using domestic production of broccoli as an import-substituting product; development of regulatory documentation for broccoli powders for the food industry. The research was carried out jointly with the representatives of the Federal Scientific cen-ter of vegetable production on an experimental basis in 2016. The domestic Tonus variety of broccoli (Federal Scientific center of vegetable production) and the Maraton F1 hybrid (France), differing in appearance, vegetative period, biochemical and physical characteristics were chosen. Technology of broccoli powder production from domestic and imported products was developed using two methods of drying convection and lyophilization. The gentle drying conditions of broccoli freeze drying compared to convective drying technology provided higher content of both vitamin C and polyphenols in the final powder. Comparative studies of organoleptic and physico-chemical properties of powders obtained from domestic and imported broccoli demonstrated close quality parameters, indicating the possibility of effective domestic broccoli utilization and import substitution. For the first time in the Russian Federation, the "Organization Standard" was developed for regulation of the quality parameters of broccoli powders intended for use in the food industry.Цель данных исследований заключалась в разработке эффективной технологии получения порошков из свежей капусты брокколи; установлении возможности использования брокколи отечественного производства как импортозаме-щающего продукта; разработке нормативной документации на порошки брокколи для использования в пищевой промыш-ленности. Исследования проводили совместно с представителями ФГБНУ ВНИИССОК на экспериментальной базе в посевной период 2016 года. К исследованиям принята капуста брокколи: отечественный сорт Тонус (селекции ФГБНУ ВНИИССОК) и гибрид Маратон F1 (производитель Франция), различающиеся по внешним признакам, продолжительности вегетации, биохимическим и физическим характеристикам. Технология порошков брокколи из сырья отечественного и импортного производств осуществлена с применением двух способов сушки – конвективной и лиофильной. Щадящие условия высушивания свежего продукта при лиофильной сушке обеспечивали повышенное содержание в конечном порошке как витамина С, так и полифенолов по сравнению с порошками конвективной сушки. Сравнительными исследованиями органолептических и физико-химических свойств порошков, полученных из сырья разного происхождения, установлены близкие показатели качества, что является обоснованием для использования отечественного сырья в качестве импортозамещающего. Впервые в Российской Федерации разработан «Стандарт организации», призванный регламентировать показатели качества порошков брокколи, предназначенных для использования в пищевой промышленности

Structure of the Nucleotide Radical Formed during Reaction of CDP/TTP with the E441Q-α2β2 of E. coli Ribonucleotide Reductase

The Escherichia coli ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) catalyzes the conversion of nucleoside diphosphates to deoxynucleotides and requires a diferric-tyrosyl radical cofactor for catalysis. RNR is composed of a 1:1 complex of two homodimeric subunits: α and β. Incubation of the E441Q-α mutant RNR with substrate CDP and allosteric effector TTP results in loss of the tyrosyl radical and formation of two new radicals on the 200 ms to min time scale. The first radical was previously established by stopped flow UV/vis spectroscopy and pulsed high field EPR spectroscopy to be a disulfide radical anion. The second radical was proposed to be a 4′-radical of a 3′-keto-2′-deoxycytidine 5′-diphosphate. To identify the structure of the nucleotide radical [1′-[superscript 2]H], [2′-[superscript 2]H], [4′-[superscript 2]H], [5′-[superscript 2]H], [U−[superscript 13]C, [superscript 15]N], [U−[superscript 15]N], and [5,6 -[superscript 2]H] CDP and [β-[superscript 2]H] cysteine-α were synthesized and incubated with E441Q-α2β2 and TTP. The nucleotide radical was examined by 9 GHz and 140 GHz pulsed EPR spectroscopy and 35 GHz ENDOR spectroscopy. Substitution of [superscript 2]H at C4′ and C1′ altered the observed hyperfine interactions of the nucleotide radical and established that the observed structure was not that predicted. DFT calculations (B3LYP/IGLO-III/B3LYP/TZVP) were carried out in an effort to recapitulate the spectroscopic observations and lead to a new structure consistent with all of the experimental data. The results indicate, unexpectedly, that the radical is a semidione nucleotide radical of cytidine 5′-diphosphate. The relationship of this radical to the disulfide radical anion is discussed.National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (GM29595)(EB002804)(EB002026

DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGY AND REGULATORY DOCUMENTATION ON PROCESSED BROCCOLI PRODUCT

The aim of the present investigation was development of an efficient technology for obtaining powders from fresh broccoli; determination of the possibility of using domestic production of broccoli as an import-substituting product; development of regulatory documentation for broccoli powders for the food industry. The research was carried out jointly with the representatives of the Federal Scientific cen-ter of vegetable production on an experimental basis in 2016. The domestic Tonus variety of broccoli (Federal Scientific center of vegetable production) and the Maraton F1 hybrid (France), differing in appearance, vegetative period, biochemical and physical characteristics were chosen. Technology of broccoli powder production from domestic and imported products was developed using two methods of drying convection and lyophilization. The gentle drying conditions of broccoli freeze drying compared to convective drying technology provided higher content of both vitamin C and polyphenols in the final powder. Comparative studies of organoleptic and physico-chemical properties of powders obtained from domestic and imported broccoli demonstrated close quality parameters, indicating the possibility of effective domestic broccoli utilization and import substitution. For the first time in the Russian Federation, the "Organization Standard" was developed for regulation of the quality parameters of broccoli powders intended for use in the food industry

Application of vegetable secondary selenium accumulators for enriching bakery products

For the development of functional purpose bakery products broccoli powder or leek powder enriched with selenium were added to wheat flour. Domestic crops such as broccoli (Tonus variety) and leek (Premier variety) were used as plant raw materials. In the process of growing plants technology of enrichment with selenium was used. Developed bakery products containing enriched powders are functional products, satisfying the daily need for selenium from 14% to 32%

Experimental and theoretical 31P and 77Se nuclear magnetic shielding tensors for bis(dineopentoxyphosphorothioyl) diselenide

An intergrown crystal of two phases of bis(dineopentoxyphosphorothioyl) diselenide 1 was investigated by goniometer 31P NMR. From the angular dependence of the chemical shift, the tensors of a triclinic and a monoclinic phase were determined. The principal values sigma11, sigma22, and sigma33, of the absolute nuclear magnetic shielding tensors for the triclinic phase are 134.1, 227.2, and 375.5 ppm and for the monoclinic phase are 132.4, 227.8, and 374.2 ppm, respectively. In both cases, the principal axis 3 of the 31P tensor is directed nearly along the P=S bond and the principal axis 2 is nearly perpendicular to the S=P-Se plane. Calculations of the 31P and 77Se nuclear magnetic shielding tensors were performed for molecules of both phases of 1 and for model compounds by the sum-over-states density functional perturbation theory IGLO method. The rms distances between calculated and experimental 31P NMR icosahedral tensor values sigma(j) (j = 1, ..., 6) amount to 17-21 ppm. The calculated and experimental orientations of the 31P principal axes show a maximum difference of 5 degrees and rms distances of 3.2 and 3.3 degrees. For the principal value sigma33 of the selenium shielding tensor the agreement between calculated and experimental values is satisfactory, but the calculated values sigma11 and sigma22 are distinctly too small. Calculations for a model compound in which the methyl groups of the neopentoxy residue are substituted by protons lead practically to the same results

Magnetic Properies of Ni Nanoparticles Used for Carbon Nanofiber Synthesis

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