On graphs with equal dominating and c-dominating energy

Graph energy and domination in graphs are most studied areas of graph theory. In this paper we try to connect these two areas of graph theory by introducing c-dominating energy of a graph G. First, we show the chemical applications of c-dominating energy with the help of well known statistical tools. Next, we obtain mathematical properties of c-dominating energy. Finally, we characterize trees, unicyclic graphs, cubic and block graphs with equal dominating and c-dominating energy

Effect of Magnetic Field on Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability in a Couple-Stress Fluid Layer Bounded Above by a Porous Layer and Below by a Rigid Surface Open Access

Abstract Kelvin-Helmholtz instability (KHI) appears in stratified two-fluid flow at surface. When the relative velocity is higher than the critical relative velocity, the growth of waves occurs. It is found that magnetic field has a stabilization effect whereas the buoyancy force has a destabilization effect on the KHI in the presence of sharp interface. The RT instability increases with wave number and flow shear, and acts much like a KHI when destabilizing effect of sheared flow dominates. It is shown that both of ablation velocity and magnetic field have stabilization effect on RT instability in the presence of continued interface. In this paper, we study the effect of magnetic field on Kelvin-Helmholtz instability (KHI) in a Couple-stress fluid layer above by a porous layer and below by a rigid surface. A simple theory based on fully developed flow approximations is used to derive the dispersion relation for the growth rate of KHI. We replace the effect of boundary layer with Beavers and Joseph slip condition at the rigid surface. The dispersion relation is derived using suitable boundary and surface conditions and results are discussed graphically. The stabilization effect of magnetic field takes place for whole waveband and becomes more significant for the short wavelength. The growth rate decreases as the density scale length increases. The stabilization effect of magnetic field is more significant for the short density scale length

The Effect of the Magnetic Field on the Rayleigh-Taylor Instability in a Couple-Stress Fluid

In this study we examine the effect of the magnetic field parameter on the growth rate of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability (RTI) in a couple stress fluids. A simple theory based on fully developed flow approximations is used to derive the dispersion relation for the growth rate of the RTI. The general dispersion relation obtained using perturbation equations with appropriate boundary conditions will be reduced for the special cases of propagation and the condition of instability and stability will be obtained. In solving the problem of the R-T instability the appropriate boundary conditions will be applied. The couple-stress parameter is found to be stabilizing and the influence of the various parameters involved in the problem on the interface stability is thoroughly analyzed. The new results will be obtained by plotting the curves between the dimensionless growth rate and the dimensionless wave number for various physical parameters involved in the problem (viz. the magnetic field, couple-stress, porosity, etc.) in the problem. It is found that the magnetic field and couple-stress have a stabilization effect whereas the buoyancy force (surface tension) has a destabilization effect on the RT instability in the presence of porous media

Boundary value problems for third-order nonlinear ordinary differential equations

In this paper, we describe how to analyze boundary value problems for third-order nonlinear ordinary differential equations over an infinite interval. Several physical problems of interest are governed by such systems. The seminumerical schemes described here offer some advantages over solutions obtained by using traditional methods such as finite differences, shooting method, etc. These techniques also reveal the analytic structure of the solution function. For illustrative purposes, several physical problems, mainly drawn from fluid mechanics, are considered; they clearly demonstrate the efficiency of the techniques presented here

ANDROID APPLICATION FOR AGRICULTURE

Andriod app is developed to monitor and control whether inside green. greenhouse can be considered as microclimate incubator ,the important parameters inside greenhouse are temperature, soil moisture, humidity, light intensity. These values can be easily measured by using different sensors. They can easily get on android app. we can set threshold values and according to sensors values we can control the devices like water spayer, light bulb, fan or ac. Depending on sensor output controlling action is taken by microcontroller. And by pressing a single button we are control the devices through android app. The objective is to design a simple and easy user friendly system to monitor and control whether inside greenhouse, and control water sprayer, light bulb, cooling fan or ac. The achieved result shows that system is appropriate and working properly

<span style="font-size:13.0pt;font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language: HI" lang="EN-GB">Rapid typing of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style:normal">Pasteurella multocida</i> isolates from haemorrhagic septicaemia cases by multiplex PCR for their virulence</span>

124-126<span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family: " times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";mso-bidi-font-family:="" mangal;mso-ansi-language:en-gb;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:="" hi"="" lang="EN-GB">A total of 12 P. multocida isolates recovered from field outbreaks of haemorrhagic septicaemia in buffaloes were studied for the presence of 4 virulence genes (pfhA, tbpA, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">hgbB & toxA) in comparison with vaccine strain by multiplex PCR. The study showed the presence of pfhA and tbpA in all the field isolates and vaccine strain. None of the isolates harboured <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">toxA and hgbB. The virulence genes tbPA and pfhA appear to be closely related to bovine P. multocida serogroup B isolates and are important for severe form of the disease. </span

Android Application For Agriculture

Andriod app is developed to monitor and control whether inside green. greenhouse can be considered as microclimate incubator ,the important parameters inside greenhouse are temperature, soil moisture, humidity, light intensity. These values can be easily measured by using different sensors. They can easily get on android app. we can set threshold values and according to sensors values we can control the devices like water spayer, light bulb, fan or ac. Depending on sensor output controlling action is taken by microcontroller. And by pressing a single button we are control the devices through android app. The objective is to design a simple and easy user friendly system to monitor and control whether inside greenhouse, and control water sprayer, light bulb, cooling fan or ac. The achieved result shows that system is appropriate and working properly