17,358 research outputs found
School Finance Litigation: The Viability of Bringing Suit in the Rhode Island Federal District Court
Quantitative mapping of rainfall rates over the oceans utilizing Nimbus-5 ESMR data
The electrically scanning microwave radiometer (ESMR) data from the Nimbus 5 satellite was used to deduce estimates of precipitation amount over the oceans. An atlas of the global oceanic rainfall was prepared and the global rainfall maps analyzed and related to available ground truth information as well as to large scale processes in the atmosphere. It was concluded that the ESMR system provides the most reliable and direct approach yet known for the estimation of rainfall over sparsely documented, wide oceanic regions
KCNE1 and KCNE2 provide a checkpoint governing voltage-gated potassium channel α-subunit composition
AbstractVoltage-gated potassium (Kv) currents generated by N-type α-subunit homotetramers inactivate rapidly because an N-terminal ball domain blocks the channel pore after activation. Hence, the inactivation rate of heterotetrameric channels comprising both N-type and non-N-type (delayed rectifier) α-subunits depends upon the number of N-type α-subunits in the complex. As Kv channel inactivation and inactivation recovery rates regulate cellular excitability, the composition and expression of these heterotetrameric complexes are expected to be tightly regulated. In a companion article, we showed that the single transmembrane segment ancillary (β) subunits KCNE1 and KCNE2 suppress currents generated by homomeric Kv1.4, Kv3.3, and Kv3.4 channels, by trapping them early in the secretory pathway. Here, we show that this trapping is prevented by coassembly of the N-type α-subunits with intra-subfamily delayed rectifier α-subunits. Extra-subfamily delayed rectifier α-subunits, regardless of their capacity to interact with KCNE1 and KCNE2, cannot rescue Kv1.4 or Kv3.4 surface expression unless engineered to interact with them using N-terminal A and B domain swapping. The KCNE1/2-enforced checkpoint ensures N-type α-subunits only reach the cell surface as part of intra-subfamily mixed-α complexes, thereby governing channel composition, inactivation rate, and—by extension—cellular excitability
Magnification effect on the detection of primordial non-Gaussianity from photometric surveys
We present forecast results for constraining the primordial non-Gaussianity
from photometric surveys through a large-scale enhancement of the galaxy
clustering amplitude. In photometric surveys, the distribution of observed
galaxies at high redshifts suffers from the gravitational-lensing
magnification, which systematically alters the number density for
magnitude-limited galaxy samples. We estimate size of the systematic bias in
the best-fit cosmological parameters caused by the magnification effect,
particularly focusing on the primordial non-Gaussianity. For upcoming deep
and/or wide photometric surveys like HSC, DES and LSST, the best-fit value of
the non-Gaussian parameter, fNL, obtained from the galaxy count data is highly
biased, and the true values of fNL would typically go outside the 3-sigma error
of the biased confidence region, if we ignore the magnification effect in the
theoretical template of angular power spectrum. The additional information from
cosmic shear data helps not only to improve the constraint, but also to reduce
the systematic bias. As a result, the size of systematic bias on fNL would
become small enough compared to the expected 1-sigma error for HSC and DES, but
it would be still serious for deep surveys with z_m > 1.5, like LSST.
Tomographic technique improves the constraint on fNL by a factor of 2-3
compared to the one without tomography, but the systematic bias would increase.Comment: 12 pages, 10 figure
Jet measurements at DO using a KT algorithm
DO has implemented and calibrated a KT jet algorithm for the first time in a
ppbar collider. We present two results based on 1992-1996 data which were
recently published: the subjet multiplicity in quark and gluon jets and the
central inclusive jet cross section. The measured ratio between subjet
multiplicities in gluon and quark jets is consistent with theoretical
predictions and previous experimental values. NLO pQCD predictions of the KT
inclusive jet cross section agree with the DO measurement, although marginally
in the low pT range. We also present a preliminary measurement of thrust cross
sections, which indicates the need to include higher than alpha_s^3 terms and
resumation in the theoretical calculations.Comment: 8 pages, 10 figures, presented at the High-Energy Physics
International Conference in Quantum Chromodynamics, Montpellier, France, July
2-9th 2002. To be published in Nuclear Physics
Effects of the R-parity violation in the minimal supersymmetric standard model on dilepton pair production at the CERN LHC
We investigate in detail the effects of the R-parity lepton number violation
in the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) on the parent process at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The numerical
comparisons between the contributions of the R-parity violating effects to the
parent process via the Drell-Yan subprocess and the gluon-gluon fusion are
made. We find that the R-violating effects on pair production at the
LHC could be significant. The results show that the cross section of the pair productions via gluon-gluon collision at the LHC can be of the order
of fb, and this subprocess maybe competitive with the production
mechanism via the Drell-Yan subprocess. We give also quantitatively the
analysis of the effects from both the mass of sneutrino and coupling strength
of the R-parity violating interactions.Comment: 18 pages, 10 figures, accepted by Phys. Rev.
Field Decomposition and the Ground State Structure of SU(2) Yang-Mills Theory
We compute the effective potential of SU(2) Yang-Mills theory using the
background field method and the Faddeev-Niemi decomposition of the gauge
fields. In particular, we find that the potential will depend on the values of
two scalar fields in the decomposition and that its structure will give rise to
a symmetry breaking.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figure. Typos corrected and title change
Image synthesis for SAR system, calibration and processor design
The Point Scattering Method of simulating radar imagery rigorously models all aspects of the imaging radar phenomena. Its computational algorithms operate on a symbolic representation of the terrain test site to calculate such parameters as range, angle of incidence, resolution cell size, etc. Empirical backscatter data and elevation data are utilized to model the terrain. Additionally, the important geometrical/propagation effects such as shadow, foreshortening, layover, and local angle of incidence are rigorously treated. Applications of radar image simulation to a proposed calibrated SAR system are highlighted: soil moisture detection and vegetation discrimination
Notes on the Fungous Flora of Iowa Soils
The study of the fungous flora of soils is a field of research which has received very little attention from scientific investigators. Mycologists have been concerned principally with the fungi which are parasitic on plants, and have devoted little time to those forms found in the soil other than to observe certain stages of the life history of pathogens occurring in the soil. Soil bacteriologists have confined their studies of the soil flora largely to the physiology of certain species of bacteria, while the soil technologist has given no consideration to the microorganic population of the soil
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