Evaluation of effectiveness of silicoorganic treatments using hydric properties

14 páginas, 1 tablaIn this work, the effectiveness of silicoorganic treatments for the consolidation, with or without waterproofing, of silicified stones (one conglomerate and four sandstones) from Zamora is analyzed, provided that these treatments are applied in the same way. Changes in the following properties have been monitored: total and free porosity, real and apparent density, absorption coefficient, imbibition coefficient, and capillary absorption coefficient. These intrinsic stone properties and the treatments employed have a significant effect on changes in these variables and lead to differences in the transport of fluid in the stone. This is the first time that the Canonical Biplot has been applied to this type of data to determine the control of the effectiveness of silicoorganic treatments applied to rocks. It was observed that the double action treatment RC80, which includes both waterproofing and consolidating, is more effective than the consolidating treatment RC70.The authors are grateful for financial support for this work from the Ministry of Education and Science (CGL2007-62168BET and FEDER funds) and Ministry of Science, Innovation (MAT2010-20660) and Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (PGC2018-098151-B-100).Peer reviewe

A Hybrid k-Means Cuckoo Search Algorithm Applied to the Counterfort Retaining Walls Problem

[EN] The counterfort retaining wall is one of the most frequent structures used in civil engineering. In this structure, optimization of cost and CO2 emissions are important. The first is relevant in the competitiveness and efficiency of the company, the second in environmental impact. From the point of view of computational complexity, the problem is challenging due to the large number of possible combinations in the solution space. In this article, a k-means cuckoo search hybrid algorithm is proposed where the cuckoo search metaheuristic is used as an optimization mechanism in continuous spaces and the unsupervised k-means learning technique to discretize the solutions. A random operator is designed to determine the contribution of the k-means operator in the optimization process. The best values, the averages, and the interquartile ranges of the obtained distributions are compared. The hybrid algorithm was later compared to a version of harmony search that also solved the problem. The results show that the k-mean operator contributes significantly to the quality of the solutions and that our algorithm is highly competitive, surpassing the results obtained by harmony search.The first author was supported by the Grant CONICYT/FONDECYT/INICIACION/11180056, the other two authors were supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, along with FEDER funding (Project: BIA2017-85098-R).García, J.; Yepes, V.; Martí Albiñana, JV. (2020). A Hybrid k-Means Cuckoo Search Algorithm Applied to the Counterfort Retaining Walls Problem. Mathematics. 8(4):1-22. https://doi.org/10.3390/math8040555S12284García, J., Altimiras, F., Peña, A., Astorga, G., & Peredo, O. (2018). A Binary Cuckoo Search Big Data Algorithm Applied to Large-Scale Crew Scheduling Problems. Complexity, 2018, 1-15. doi:10.1155/2018/8395193García, J., Moraga, P., Valenzuela, M., Crawford, B., Soto, R., Pinto, H., … Astorga, G. (2019). A Db-Scan Binarization Algorithm Applied to Matrix Covering Problems. Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience, 2019, 1-16. doi:10.1155/2019/3238574Al-Madi, N., Faris, H., & Mirjalili, S. (2019). Binary multi-verse optimization algorithm for global optimization and discrete problems. International Journal of Machine Learning and Cybernetics, 10(12), 3445-3465. doi:10.1007/s13042-019-00931-8Kim, M., & Chae, J. (2019). Monarch Butterfly Optimization for Facility Layout Design Based on a Single Loop Material Handling Path. Mathematics, 7(2), 154. doi:10.3390/math7020154García, J., Crawford, B., Soto, R., & Astorga, G. (2019). A clustering algorithm applied to the binarization of Swarm intelligence continuous metaheuristics. Swarm and Evolutionary Computation, 44, 646-664. doi:10.1016/j.swevo.2018.08.006García, J., Lalla-Ruiz, E., Voß, S., & Droguett, E. L. (2020). Enhancing a machine learning binarization framework by perturbation operators: analysis on the multidimensional knapsack problem. International Journal of Machine Learning and Cybernetics, 11(9), 1951-1970. doi:10.1007/s13042-020-01085-8García, J., Moraga, P., Valenzuela, M., & Pinto, H. (2020). A db-Scan Hybrid Algorithm: An Application to the Multidimensional Knapsack Problem. Mathematics, 8(4), 507. doi:10.3390/math8040507Saeheaw, T., & Charoenchai, N. (2018). A comparative study among different parallel hybrid artificial intelligent approaches to solve the capacitated vehicle routing problem. International Journal of Bio-Inspired Computation, 11(3), 171. doi:10.1504/ijbic.2018.091704Valdez, F., Castillo, O., Jain, A., & Jana, D. K. (2019). Nature-Inspired Optimization Algorithms for Neuro-Fuzzy Models in Real-World Control and Robotics Applications. Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience, 2019, 1-2. doi:10.1155/2019/9128451Penadés-Plà, V., García-Segura, T., & Yepes, V. 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Improved Compact Cuckoo Search Algorithm Applied to Location of Drone Logistics Hub. Mathematics, 8(3), 333. doi:10.3390/math8030333Yepes, V., Alcala, J., Perea, C., & González-Vidosa, F. (2008). A parametric study of optimum earth-retaining walls by simulated annealing. Engineering Structures, 30(3), 821-830. doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2007.05.023Molina-Moreno, F., García-Segura, T., Martí, J. V., & Yepes, V. (2017). Optimization of buttressed earth-retaining walls using hybrid harmony search algorithms. Engineering Structures, 134, 205-216. doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.12.04

Black Hole Algorithm for Sustainable Design of Counterfort Retaining Walls

[EN] The optimization of the cost and CO 2 emissions in earth-retaining walls is of relevance, since these structures are often used in civil engineering. The optimization of costs is essential for the competitiveness of the construction company, and the optimization of emissions is relevant in the environmental impact of construction. To address the optimization, black hole metaheuristics were used, along with a discretization mechanism based on min¿max normalization. The stability of the algorithm was evaluated with respect to the solutions obtained; the steel and concrete values obtained in both optimizations were analyzed. Additionally, the geometric variables of the structure were compared. Finally, the results obtained were compared with another algorithm that solved the problem. The results show that there is a trade-off between the use of steel and concrete. The solutions that minimize CO 2 emissions prefer the use of concrete instead of those that optimize the cost. On the other hand, when comparing the geometric variables, it is seen that most remain similar in both optimizations except for the distance between buttresses. When comparing with another algorithm, the results show a good performance in optimization using the black hole algorithm.The authors acknowledge the financial support of the financial support of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, along with FEDER funding (Project: BIA2017-85098-R) to the first and second authors, and the Grant CONICYT/FONDECYT/INICIACION/11180056 to the third author.Yepes, V.; Martí Albiñana, JV.; García, J. (2020). Black Hole Algorithm for Sustainable Design of Counterfort Retaining Walls. Sustainability. 12(7):1-18. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12072767S118127Frangopol, D. M. (2011). Life-cycle performance, management, and optimisation of structural systems under uncertainty: accomplishments and challenges1. 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Sustainability Assessment of Concrete Structures within the Spanish Structural Concrete Code. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 138(2), 268-276. doi:10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0000419Molina-Moreno, F., García-Segura, T., Martí, J. V., & Yepes, V. (2017). Optimization of buttressed earth-retaining walls using hybrid harmony search algorithms. Engineering Structures, 134, 205-216. doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.12.042Yepes, V., Martí, J. V., & García-Segura, T. (2015). Cost and CO2 emission optimization of precast–prestressed concrete U-beam road bridges by a hybrid glowworm swarm algorithm. Automation in Construction, 49, 123-134. doi:10.1016/j.autcon.2014.10.013Worrell, E., Price, L., Martin, N., Hendriks, C., & Meida, L. O. (2001). CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS FROM THE GLOBAL CEMENT INDUSTRY. Annual Review of Energy and the Environment, 26(1), 303-329. doi:10.1146/annurev.energy.26.1.303Molina-Moreno, F., Martí, J. V., & Yepes, V. (2017). Carbon embodied optimization for buttressed earth-retaining walls: Implications for low-carbon conceptual designs. Journal of Cleaner Production, 164, 872-884. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.06.246Yepes, V., Gonzalez-Vidosa, F., Alcala, J., & Villalba, P. (2012). CO2-Optimization Design of Reinforced Concrete Retaining Walls Based on a VNS-Threshold Acceptance Strategy. Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 26(3), 378-386. doi:10.1061/(asce)cp.1943-5487.0000140Yoon, Y.-C., Kim, K.-H., Lee, S.-H., & Yeo, D. (2018). Sustainable design for reinforced concrete columns through embodied energy and CO2 emission optimization. Energy and Buildings, 174, 44-53. doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2018.06.013Sierra, L. A., Pellicer, E., & Yepes, V. (2016). Social Sustainability in the Lifecycle of Chilean Public Infrastructure. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 142(5), 05015020. doi:10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0001099Sierra, L. A., Yepes, V., García-Segura, T., & Pellicer, E. (2018). Bayesian network method for decision-making about the social sustainability of infrastructure projects. Journal of Cleaner Production, 176, 521-534. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.12.140Moayyeri, N., Gharehbaghi, S., & Plevris, V. (2019). Cost-Based Optimum Design of Reinforced Concrete Retaining Walls Considering Different Methods of Bearing Capacity Computation. Mathematics, 7(12), 1232. doi:10.3390/math7121232Pons, J. J., Penadés-Plà, V., Yepes, V., & Martí, J. V. (2018). Life cycle assessment of earth-retaining walls: An environmental comparison. Journal of Cleaner Production, 192, 411-420. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.04.268Lu, K., Jiang, X., Tam, V. W. Y., Li, M., Wang, H., Xia, B., & Chen, Q. (2019). Development of a Carbon Emissions Analysis Framework Using Building Information Modeling and Life Cycle Assessment for the Construction of Hospital Projects. Sustainability, 11(22), 6274. doi:10.3390/su11226274De Medeiros, G. F., & Kripka, M. (2014). Optimization of reinforced concrete columns according to different environmental impact assessment parameters. Engineering Structures, 59, 185-194. doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2013.10.045Hussain, K., Mohd Salleh, M. N., Cheng, S., & Shi, Y. (2018). Metaheuristic research: a comprehensive survey. Artificial Intelligence Review, 52(4), 2191-2233. doi:10.1007/s10462-017-9605-zZong Woo Geem, Joong Hoon Kim, & Loganathan, G. V. (2001). A New Heuristic Optimization Algorithm: Harmony Search. SIMULATION, 76(2), 60-68. doi:10.1177/003754970107600201Kirkpatrick, S., Gelatt, C. D., & Vecchi, M. P. (1983). Optimization by Simulated Annealing. Science, 220(4598), 671-680. doi:10.1126/science.220.4598.671Černý, V. (1985). Thermodynamical approach to the traveling salesman problem: An efficient simulation algorithm. Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, 45(1), 41-51. doi:10.1007/bf00940812Carbonell, A., González-Vidosa, F., & Yepes, V. (2011). 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(2015). Hybrid harmony search for sustainable design of post-tensioned concrete box-girder pedestrian bridges. Engineering Structures, 92, 112-122. doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.03.015García, J., Lalla-Ruiz, E., Voß, S., & Droguett, E. L. (2020). Enhancing a machine learning binarization framework by perturbation operators: analysis on the multidimensional knapsack problem. International Journal of Machine Learning and Cybernetics, 11(9), 1951-1970. doi:10.1007/s13042-020-01085-8García, J., Crawford, B., Soto, R., Castro, C., & Paredes, F. (2017). A k-means binarization framework applied to multidimensional knapsack problem. Applied Intelligence, 48(2), 357-380. doi:10.1007/s10489-017-0972-

Hybrid Swarm Intelligence Optimization Methods for Low-Embodied Energy Steel-Concrete Composite Bridges

[EN] Bridge optimization is a significant challenge, given the huge number of possible configurations of the problem. Embodied energy and cost were taken as objective functions for a box-girder steel¿concrete optimization problem considering both as single-objective. Embodied energy was chosen as a sustainable criterion to compare the results with cost. The stochastic global search TAMO algorithm, the swarm intelligence cuckoo search (CS), and sine cosine algorithms (SCA) were used to achieve this goal. To allow the SCA and SC techniques to solve the discrete bridge optimization problem, the discretization technique applying the k-means clustering technique was used. As a result, SC was found to produce objective energy function values comparable to TAMO while reducing the computation time by 25.79%. In addition, the cost optimization and embodied energy analysis revealed that each euro saved using metaheuristic methodologies decreased the energy consumption for this optimization problem by 0.584 kW·h. Additionally, by including cells in the upper and lower parts of the webs, the behavior of the section was improved, as were the optimization outcomes for the two optimization objectives. This study concludes that double composite action design on supports makes the continuous longitudinal stiffeners in the bottom flange unnecessary.The author gratefully acknowledge the fundings received by: Grant PID2020- 117056RB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by ¿ERDF A way of making Europe¿. Grant FPU-18/01592 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by ¿ESF invests in your future¿ and Grant CONICYT/FONDECYT/INICIACION/11180056Martínez-Muñoz, D.; García, J.; Martí Albiñana, JV.; Yepes, V. (2022). Hybrid Swarm Intelligence Optimization Methods for Low-Embodied Energy Steel-Concrete Composite Bridges. Mathematics. 11(1):1-21. https://doi.org/10.3390/math1101014012111

Embodied Energy Optimization of Buttressed Earth-Retaining Walls with Hybrid Simulated Annealing

[EN] The importance of construction in the consumption of natural resources is leading structural design professionals to create more efficient structure designs that reduce emissions as well as the energy consumed. This paper presents an automated process to obtain low embodied energy buttressed earth-retaining wall optimum designs. Two objective functions were considered to compare the difference between a cost optimization and an embodied energy optimization. To reach the best design for every optimization criterion, a tuning of the algorithm parameters was carried out. This study used a hybrid simulated optimization algorithm to obtain the values of the geometry, the concrete resistances, and the amounts of concrete and materials to obtain an optimum buttressed earth-retaining wall low embodied energy design. The relation between all the geometric variables and the wall height was obtained by adjusting the linear and parabolic functions. A relationship was found between the two optimization criteria, and it can be concluded that cost and energy optimization are linked. This allows us to state that a cost reduction of €1 has an associated energy consumption reduction of 4.54 kWh. To achieve a low embodied energy design, it is recommended to reduce the distance between buttresses with respect to economic optimization. This decrease allows a reduction in the reinforcing steel needed to resist stem bending. The difference between the results of the geometric variables of the foundation for the two-optimization objectives reveals hardly any variation between them. This work gives technicians some rules to get optimum cost and embodied energy design. Furthermore, it compares designs obtained through these two optimization objectives with traditional design recommendations.The authors acknowledge the financial support of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Business, along with FEDER funding (DIMALIFE Project: BIA2017-85098-R) and the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities for David Martínez-Muñoz University Teacher Training Grant (FPU18/01592). They would also like to emphasize that José García was supported by the Grant CONICYT/FONDECYT/INICIACION/11180056.Martínez-Muñoz, D.; Martí Albiñana, JV.; García, J.; Yepes, V. (2021). Embodied Energy Optimization of Buttressed Earth-Retaining Walls with Hybrid Simulated Annealing. Applied Sciences. 11(4):1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11041800S116114Casals, X. G. (2006). Analysis of building energy regulation and certification in Europe: Their role, limitations and differences. Energy and Buildings, 38(5), 381-392. doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2005.05.004Sartori, I., & Hestnes, A. G. (2007). Energy use in the life cycle of conventional and low-energy buildings: A review article. Energy and Buildings, 39(3), 249-257. doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2006.07.001Reap, J., Roman, F., Duncan, S., & Bras, B. (2008). A survey of unresolved problems in life cycle assessment. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 13(4), 290-300. doi:10.1007/s11367-008-0008-xReap, J., Roman, F., Duncan, S., & Bras, B. (2008). A survey of unresolved problems in life cycle assessment. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 13(5), 374-388. doi:10.1007/s11367-008-0009-9Dixit, M. K., Fernández-Solís, J. L., Lavy, S., & Culp, C. H. (2010). Identification of parameters for embodied energy measurement: A literature review. Energy and Buildings, 42(8), 1238-1247. doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2010.02.016Hernandez, P., & Kenny, P. (2010). From net energy to zero energy buildings: Defining life cycle zero energy buildings (LC-ZEB). Energy and Buildings, 42(6), 815-821. doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2009.12.001Chang, Y., Ries, R. J., & Lei, S. (2012). The embodied energy and emissions of a high-rise education building: A quantification using process-based hybrid life cycle inventory model. Energy and Buildings, 55, 790-798. doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2012.10.019Ramesh, T., Prakash, R., & Shukla, K. K. (2010). Life cycle energy analysis of buildings: An overview. Energy and Buildings, 42(10), 1592-1600. doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2010.05.007Fay, R., Treloar, G., & Iyer-Raniga, U. (2000). Life-cycle energy analysis of buildings: a case study. Building Research & Information, 28(1), 31-41. doi:10.1080/096132100369073Zastrow, P., Molina-Moreno, F., García-Segura, T., Martí, J. V., & Yepes, V. (2017). Life cycle assessment of cost-optimized buttress earth-retaining walls: A parametric study. Journal of Cleaner Production, 140, 1037-1048. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.10.085Orr, J., Bras, A., & Ibell, T. (2017). Effectiveness of design codes for life cycle energy optimisation. Energy and Buildings, 140, 61-67. doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.01.085Shadram, F., & Mukkavaara, J. (2019). Exploring the effects of several energy efficiency measures on the embodied/operational energy trade-off: A case study of swedish residential buildings. Energy and Buildings, 183, 283-296. doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2018.11.026Azarafza, M., Feizi-Derakhshi, M.-R., & Azarafza, M. (2017). Computer modeling of crack propagation in concrete retaining walls: A case study. Computers and Concrete, 19(5), 509-514. doi:10.12989/cac.2017.19.5.509Mergos, P. E. (2018). Seismic design of reinforced concrete frames for minimum embodied CO 2 emissions. Energy and Buildings, 162, 177-186. doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.12.039Park, H. S., Hwang, J. W., & Oh, B. K. (2018). Integrated analysis model for assessing CO2 emissions, seismic performance, and costs of buildings through performance-based optimal seismic design with sustainability. Energy and Buildings, 158, 761-775. doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.10.070Yepes, V., Dasí-Gil, M., Martínez-Muñoz, D., López-Desfilis, V. J., & Martí, J. V. (2019). Heuristic Techniques for the Design of Steel-Concrete Composite Pedestrian Bridges. Applied Sciences, 9(16), 3253. doi:10.3390/app9163253Yoon, Y.-C., Kim, K.-H., Lee, S.-H., & Yeo, D. (2018). Sustainable design for reinforced concrete columns through embodied energy and CO2 emission optimization. Energy and Buildings, 174, 44-53. doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2018.06.013Minoglou, M. K., Hatzigeorgiou, G. D., & Papagiannopoulos, G. A. (2013). Heuristic optimization of cylindrical thin-walled steel tanks under seismic loads. Thin-Walled Structures, 64, 50-59. doi:10.1016/j.tws.2012.12.009Pan, Q., Yi, Z., Yan, D., & Xu, H. (2019). Pseudo-Static Analysis on the Shifting-Girder Process of the Novel Rail-Cable-Shifting-Girder Technique for the Long Span Suspension Bridge. Applied Sciences, 9(23), 5158. doi:10.3390/app9235158Balasbaneh, A. T., & Marsono, A. K. B. (2020). Applying multi-criteria decision-making on alternatives for earth-retaining walls: LCA, LCC, and S-LCA. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 25(11), 2140-2153. doi:10.1007/s11367-020-01825-6Yeo, D., & Gabbai, R. D. (2011). Sustainable design of reinforced concrete structures through embodied energy optimization. Energy and Buildings, 43(8), 2028-2033. doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2011.04.014Yu, R., Zhang, D., & Yan, H. (2017). Embodied Energy and Cost Optimization of RC Beam under Blast Load. Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2017, 1-8. doi:10.1155/2017/1907972Penadés-Plà, V., García-Segura, T., & Yepes, V. (2019). Accelerated optimization method for low-embodied energy concrete box-girder bridge design. Engineering Structures, 179, 556-565. doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.11.015Foraboschi, P., Mercanzin, M., & Trabucco, D. (2014). Sustainable structural design of tall buildings based on embodied energy. Energy and Buildings, 68, 254-269. doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.09.003Camp, C. V., & Akin, A. (2012). Design of Retaining Walls Using Big Bang–Big Crunch Optimization. Journal of Structural Engineering, 138(3), 438-448. doi:10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0000461Kayabekir, A. E., Arama, Z. A., Bekdaş, G., Nigdeli, S. M., & Geem, Z. W. (2020). Eco-Friendly Design of Reinforced Concrete Retaining Walls: Multi-objective Optimization with Harmony Search Applications. Sustainability, 12(15), 6087. doi:10.3390/su12156087García, J., Yepes, V., & Martí, J. V. (2020). A Hybrid k-Means Cuckoo Search Algorithm Applied to the Counterfort Retaining Walls Problem. Mathematics, 8(4), 555. doi:10.3390/math8040555Yepes, V., Martí, J. V., & García, J. (2020). Black Hole Algorithm for Sustainable Design of Counterfort Retaining Walls. Sustainability, 12(7), 2767. doi:10.3390/su12072767García, J., Martí, J. V., & Yepes, V. (2020). The Buttressed Walls Problem: An Application of a Hybrid Clustering Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm. Mathematics, 8(6), 862. doi:10.3390/math8060862Catalonia Institute of Construction Technology BEDEC ITEC Materials Databasehttps://metabase.itec.cat/vide/es/bedecYepes, V., Gonzalez-Vidosa, F., Alcala, J., & Villalba, P. (2012). CO2-Optimization Design of Reinforced Concrete Retaining Walls Based on a VNS-Threshold Acceptance Strategy. Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 26(3), 378-386. doi:10.1061/(asce)cp.1943-5487.0000140Molina-Moreno, F., García-Segura, T., Martí, J. V., & Yepes, V. (2017). Optimization of buttressed earth-retaining walls using hybrid harmony search algorithms. 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Reaching unanimous agreements within agent-based negotiation teams with linear and monotonic utility functions

[EN] In this article, an agent-based negotiation model for negotiation teams that negotiate a deal with an opponent is presented. Agent-based negotiation teams are groups of agents that join together as a single negotiation party because they share an interest that is related to the negotiation process. The model relies on a trusted mediator that coordinates and helps team members in the decisions that they have to take during the negotiation process: which offer is sent to the opponent, and whether the offers received from the opponent are accepted. The main strength of the proposed negotiation model is the fact that it guarantees unanimity within team decisions since decisions report a utility to team members that is greater than or equal to their aspiration levels at each negotiation round. This work analyzes how unanimous decisions are taken within the team and the robustness of the model against different types of manipulations. An empirical evaluation is also performed to study the impact of the different parameters of the model.This work is supported by TIN2008-04446, PROMETEO/2008/051, TIN2009-13839-C03-01, CSD2007-00022 of the Spanish government, and FPU Grant AP2008-00600 awarded to Victor Sanchez-Anguix. This paper was recommended by Associate Editor X. Wang.Sanchez-Anguix, V.; Julian Inglada, VJ.; Botti, V.; García-Fornes, A. (2012). Reaching unanimous agreements within agent-based negotiation teams with linear and monotonic utility functions. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B: Cybernetics. 42(3):778-792. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSMCB.2011.2177658S77879242

Collective electromagnetic emission from molecular layers on metal nanostructures mediated by surface plasmons

6 págs.; 3 figs.; PACS number s : 73.20.Mf, 78.30. j, 78.67.Bf, 42.25.FxCollective electromagnetic processes stemming from molecular emission close to complex nanostructured metal surfaces pumped at and/or near surface-plasmon resonances are theoretically investigated. A classical electrodynamics model is used to describe macroscopically the surface molecular layer emission. Generalized Fresnel coefficients are analytically obtained for planar surfaces, indeed predicting collective quenching for redshifted emission at given angles. The model is introduced into a scattering formulation based on surface integral equations in order to explore collective spontaneous emission near metallic nanoantennas and surface-enhanced Raman scattering. Frequency-shifted near-field patterns and properly defined enhancement factors are obtained that manifest collective processes and cannot be simply inferred from calculations of near fields at the pump frequency. © 2007 The American Physical Society.This work was supported in part by the Spanish “Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia” Grant Nos. FIS2006-07894 and FIS2004-0108 and “Comunidad de Madrid” Grant No. S-0505/TIC-0191 and V.G.’s Ph.D. scholarshipPeer Reviewe

Influence of air velocity and temperature on ultrasonically assisted low temperature drying of eggplant

[EN] The aim of this work was to evaluate the feasibility of power ultrasound (US) application during the low temperature drying (LTD) of eggplant, analyzing the influence of the process variables linked to the air flow (velocity and temperature) on the drying kinetics and different quality aspects of the dehydrated product. For that purpose, eggplant (Solanum melongena var. Black Enorma) cubes (8.6 mm side) were dried at different air velocities (1, 2, 4 and 6 m/s) and temperatures (10, 0 and −10 ◦C) without (AIR) and with (AIR + US) US application. The rise in the air velocity and temperature led to an increase in the drying rate in AIR experiments. US application accelerated the drying process under every experimental condition tested, shortening the drying time by up to 87%. As for the quality parameters, no remarkable influence of the process variables (US application, air velocity and temperature) on the rehydration, reconstitution in olive oil or hardness of the rehydrated product was observed.The authors acknowledge the financial support of the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through project DPI2012-37466-CO3-03 and the FPI fellowship (BES-2010-033460) granted to J.V. Santacatalina and the Generalitat Valenciana through the project PROMETE0II/2014/005.Santacatalina, JV.; Soriano, J.; Cárcel Carrión, JA.; García Pérez, JV. (2016). Influence of air velocity and temperature on ultrasonically assisted low temperature drying of eggplant. Food and Bioproducts Processing. 100:282-291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbp.2016.07.010S28229110

Life cycle assessment of cost-optimized buttress earth-retaining walls: A parametric study

In this paper life cycle assessments are carried out on 30 optimized earth-retaining walls of various heights (4e13 m) and involving different permissible soil stresses (0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 MPa) in Spain. Firstly, the environmental impacts considered in the assessment method developed by the Leiden University (CML 2001) are analyzed for each case, demonstrating the influence of the wall height and permissible soil stress. Secondly, this paper evaluates the contribution range of each element to each impact. The elements considered are: concrete, landfill, machinery, formwork, steel, and transport. Moreover, the influence of the wall height on the contribution of each element over the total impact is studied. This paper then provides the impact factors per unit of concrete, steel, and formwork. These values enable designers to quickly evaluate impacts from available measurements. Finally, the influence of steel recycling on the environmental impacts is highlighted. Findings indicate that concrete is the biggest contributor to all impact categories, especially the global warming potential. However, the steel doubles its contribution when the wall heights increase from 4 m to 13 m. Results show that recycling rates affect impacts differently.The authors acknowledge the financial support of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, along with the FEDER funding (BRIDLIFE Project: BIA2014-56574-R) and from the European Institute of Innovation and Technology under grant agreement no 20140262 Low Carbon Strategy in the Construction Industry (PGA_APED0094_2014-2.1-278_P066-10). Additionally, authors acknowledge the contributions of Nadia Ata and Vicent Penades in the overall review process.Zastrow, P.; Molina Moreno, F.; García-Segura, T.; Martí Albiñana, JV.; Yepes, V. (2017). Life cycle assessment of cost-optimized buttress earth-retaining walls: A parametric study. Journal of Cleaner Production. 140(3):1037-1048. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.10.085S10371048140