A Novel Texture Classification Procedure by using Association Rules

Texture can be defined as a local statistical pattern of texture primitives in observer's domain of interest. Texture classification aims to assign texture labels to unknown textures, according to training samples and classification rules. Association rules have been used in various applications during the past decades. Association rules capture both structural and statistical information, and automatically identify the structures that occur most frequently and relationships that have significant discriminative power. So, association rules can be adapted to capture frequently occurring local structures in textures. This paper describes the usage of association rules for texture classification problem. The performed experimental studies show the effectiveness of the association rules. The overall success rate is about 98%

IMPLEMENTATION OF REUSE IN THE AGILE SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS SCRUM

The concept of reuse is applied in one of the agile development methodologies called the scrum. Sprint is a single functionality and the result at the end of the sprint functionality is derived as the shippable or bugs. This paper makes an attempt to use the concept of reuse in the agile software development to meet the dynamic change of customer requirements in banks. A banking project is created using both waterfall model and scrum model, and the knowledge gained is stored in the ontology-based repository for the first time. Again, the same project is created for different vendors using the ontology-based repository. The result shows that maximum sprint is reused and all the knowledge gained is stored in the form of ontology. This ontology helps identify the shippable component of each sprint which is a small executable functionality. This leads to less cost and time to deliver the product. The main aim is to increase the availability of the reusable artifacts, which lead to increase the reusability of the developer. The experimental results show improvements in the performance of retrieving the components for the software development. Â

STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL IMPACT OF G2032R MUTATION IN ROS1 – A THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE

Objective: Drug resistance is an imperative issue in the treatment of patients with lung cancer. In this work, investigation of the drug resistance mechanism of G2032R mutation in ROS1 is carried out using computational simulation techniques.Methods: Molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation approach have been utilized to uncover the mechanism behind crizotinib resistance in ROS1 at a molecular level. Normal mode analysis was carried out using ElNemo server which examines the movements and conformational changes in the protein structure. ArgusLab, PEARLS, and Autodock were employed for the docking analysis, whereas GROMACS package 4.5.3 was used for MD simulation approach.Results: The results from our analysis indicates that wild-type ROS1 (Protein Data Bank Code 3ZBF) could be more crucial for the crizotinib binding as it indicates largest binding affinity, minimum number of H-bonds, and higher flexibility than mutant-type ROS1. Moreover, the theoretical basis for the cause of drug insensitivity is the differences in the electrostatic properties of binding site residues between the wild and mutant ROS1 structures. Our analysis theoretically suggests that E-2027 is a key residue responsible for the ROS1 drug selectivity.Conclusion: Molecular docking and MD simulation results provide an explanation of the resistance caused by G2032R and may give a key clue for the drug design to encounter drug resistance.Â

A study of circle of willis with its variations and its clinical correlations

The brain is richly supplied through the internal carotid arteries and vertebra-basilar arteries. Circle of Willis shows wide range of variations in its formation, shape and its calibre. Under normal condition, the blood flow will be redistributed but in pathological states like thrombo-embolism, aneurysms there will be failure of redistribution of blood flow causing ischemia and necrosis of the affected area. AIM AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of study of circle of willis in both morphology and in radiological images with respect to its formation, shape and calibre. The variations like absent vessels, hypoplasia, accessory vessels and anomalous origins were studied and the incidences of these variations were tabulated. MATERIALS AND METHOD: This study was done in both Dissection and Radiological methods by using fifty brain specimens from unclaimed adult cadavers in the Department of Anatomy and from the Department of Forensic Medicine. Radiological images obtained from the Department of Radiology. OBSERVATION: Out of Fifty specimens, 21(42%) in the morphological study and out of 50 radiological images, 16(32%) of the radiological study showed variations like absent vessels, hypoplasia, accessory vessels and abnormal origin. This study shows wide range of variations both in morphology and radiological images. CONCLUSION: A sound knowledge about the normal anatomy of Circle of Willis and its variations are required during surgery and interventional procedures. This study will help them to diagnose the pathological conditions and any variations pertaining to anatomical structure of Circle of Willis

Anti-inflammatory and ulcerogenic activities of thiazolidine-4-ones in rats

Background: NSAIDS are associated with side effects and research should continue for developing safer drugs. This study aims to evaluate newer thiazolidine-4-ones for their anti-inflammatory and ulcerogenic activities in wister rats.Methods: Five groups of wister rats, 6 in each were used.  Anti-inflammatory and ulcerogenic activities of diclofenac (30mg/kg), nimesulide (50mg/kg), thia-1 (50mg/kg) and thia-2 (50mg/kg) are compared with control group (4% Gum Acacia). Carrageenin-induced paw edema, formaline induced acute peritonitis and cotton pellet-induced granulomatous tissue formation models were used for evaluating anti-inflammatory activity. After removing cotton pellets with granuloma on 8th day gastric ulcerogenicity was assessed by using macroscopic and microscopic scoring of ulcers.Results: Diclofenac, nimesulide and thia 2 reduced both paw edema and peritoneal exudate volume significantly (p 0.05). Nimesulide, thia-1 and thia-2 did not increase gastric ulcer score significantly (p >0.05). Diclofenac increased ulcer score significantly (p <0.01).Conclusions: Thia-2 demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory activity in acute and chronic models. In addition to inhibition of cyclooxygenase pathway, PPAR agonistic activity may be involved in its anti-inflammatory activity.  No significant ulcerogenicity was observed on comparing with nimesulide and control. Further in-vitro and in-vivo studies are recommended to confirm the results of this study

A Histomorphological Study of Polyps and Polypoid Lesions of Gastrointestinal Tract with Special Reference to Colonic Neoplastic Polyps.

Polyps and polypoid lesions in the gastrointestinal tract may vary from asymptomatic incidental findings and benign harmless lesions to invasive malignancies. Various investigatory modalities are being developed and available in developing countries for screening and diagnosis of these lesions. The morphology of the polyps are well defined to delineate them from one another. A careful study of adenomatous polyps is needed in view of potential for malignant transformation. This study finds a high incidence of colonic adenomatous polyps with synchronous colonic malignancies. The study is hospital-based and may not represent the true incidence of the disease in the community. Hence, community based studies are essential to assess the prevalence and risk factors for adenomatous polyps. Though surveillance programs have been framed, it is imperative to establish cost effective screening guidelines so as to detect the lesions earlier. As most of the lesions are left-sided they would be more accessible with colonoscopy techniques. Genetic studies are needed to establish predictive and prognostic markers for malignant transformation of adenomatous polyps. Future studies should be community-based with assessment of possible etiological and/or risk factors

Energy Conservation Using Dynamic Voltage Frequency Scaling for Computational Cloud

Cloud computing is a new technology which supports resource sharing on a “Pay as you go” basis around the world. It provides various services such as SaaS, IaaS, and PaaS. Computation is a part of IaaS and the entire computational requests are to be served efficiently with optimal power utilization in the cloud. Recently, various algorithms are developed to reduce power consumption and even Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS) scheme is also used in this perspective. In this paper we have devised methodology which analyzes the behavior of the given cloud request and identifies the associated type of algorithm. Once the type of algorithm is identified, using their asymptotic notations, its time complexity is calculated. Using best fit strategy the appropriate host is identified and the incoming job is allocated to the victimized host. Using the measured time complexity the required clock frequency of the host is measured. According to that CPU frequency is scaled up or down using DVFS scheme, enabling energy to be saved up to 55% of total Watts consumption