190 research outputs found

    Order and Creep in Flux Lattices and CDWs Pinned by Planar Defects

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    The influence of randomly distributed point impurities \emph{and} planar defects on the order and transport in type-II superconductors and related systems is considered theoretically. For planar defects of identical orientation the flux line lattice exhibits a new glassy phase dominated by the planar defects with a finite compressibility, a transverse Meissner effect, large sample to sample fuctuations of the susceptibility and an exponential decay of translational long range order. The flux creep resistivity for currents JJ parallel to the defects is Ļ(J)āˆ¼expā”āˆ’(J0/J)3/2\rho(J)\sim \exp-(J_0/J)^{3/2} . Strong disorder enforces an array of dislocations to relax shear strain

    Transport properties of clean and disordered Josephson junction arrays

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    We investigate the influence of quantum fluctuations and weak disorder on the vortex dynamics in a two-dimensional superconducting Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless system. The temperature below which quantum fluctuations dominate the vortex creep is determined, and the transport in this quantum regime is described. The crossover from quantum to classical regime is discussed and the quantum correction to the classical current-voltage relation is determined. It is found that weak disorder can effectively reduce the critical current as compared to that in the clean system.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure

    Estimation of fractal representation of wind speed fluctuation by artificial neural network with different training algorothms

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    Since the wind speed fluctuation could cause large instability in wind energy systems it is crucial to develop a method for precise estimation of the wind speed fluctuation. Fractal interpolation of the wind speed could be used to improve the accuracy of the estimation of the wind speed fluctuation. Based on the self-similarity feature, the fractal interpolation could be established from internal to external interval. In this article fractal interpolation was used to improve the wind speed fluctuation estimation by soft computing methods. Artificial neural network (ANN) with different training algorithms were used in order to estimate the wind speed fluctuation based on the fractal interpolationThis is the peer-reviewed version of the article: Petković, D., Nikolić, V., Mitić, V.V., Kocić, L., 2017. Estimation of fractal representation of wind speed fluctuation by artificial neural network with different training algorothms. Flow Measurement and Instrumentation 54, 172ā€“176. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2017.01.007

    Carrier drift velocity and edge magnetoplasmons in graphene

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    We investigate electron dynamics at the graphene edge by studying the propagation of collective edge magnetoplasmon (EMP) excitations. By timing the travel of narrow wave-packets on picosecond time scales around exfoliated samples, we find chiral propagation with low attenuation at a velocity which is quantized on Hall plateaus. We extract the carrier drift contribution from the EMP propagation and find it to be slightly less than the Fermi velocity, as expected for an abrupt edge. We also extract the characteristic length for Coulomb interaction at the edge and find it to be smaller than for soft, depletion edge systems.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures of main text and 6 pages, 6 figures of supplemental materia

    Supramolecular insight into the substitution of sulfur by selenium, based on crystal structures, quantum-chemical calculations and biosystem recognition

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    Statistical analysis of data from crystal structures extracted from the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) has shown that S and Se atoms display a similar tendency towards specific types of interaction if they are part of a fragment that corresponds to the side chains of cysteine (Cys), methionine (Met) selenocysteine (Sec) and selenomethionine (Mse). The most numerous are structures with C-H..Se and C-H..S interactions (āˆ¼80%), notably less numerous are structures with Se..Se and S..S interactions (āˆ¼5%), and Se..Ļ€ and S..Ļ€ interactions are the least numerous. The results of quantum-chemical calculations have indicated that C-H..Se (āˆ¼-0.8 kcal mol-1) and C-H..S interactions are weaker than the most stable parallel interaction (āˆ¼-3.3 kcal mol-1) and electrostatic interactions of Ļƒ/Ļ€ type (āˆ¼-2.6 kcal mol-1). Their significant presence can be explained by the abundance of CH groups compared with the numbers of Se and S atoms in the crystal structures, and also by the influence of substituents bonded to the Se or S atom that further reduce their possibilities for interacting with species from the environment. This can also offer an explanation as to why O-H..Se (āˆ¼-4.4 kcal mol-1) and N-H..Se interactions (āˆ¼-2.2 kcal mol-1) are less numerous. Docking studies revealed that S and Se rarely participate in interactions with the amino acid residues of target enzymes, mostly because those residues preferentially interact with the substituents bonded to Se and S. The differences between Se and S ligands in the number and positions of their binding sites are more pronounced if the substituents are polar and if there are more Se/S atoms in the ligand. Ā© 2020 International Union of Crystallography
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