Roman Chichester: a survey of its investigation

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PULMONARY DIROFILARIASIS IN MAN - A NEW ITALIAN CASE, REVIEW OF THE EUROPEAN LITERATURE

In June 1991 a 62-year-old retired mon, from Udine (northern Italy), was suddenly affected by dyspnoea. X-ray and CT control detected a coin lesion in the lung. In May 1992 this lesion was removed surgically. Histological examination revealed the presence of a nematode inside an arteriole which had provoked a small infarct in the pulmonary tissue. The parasite presented marked regressive phenomena that made on accurate morphological analysis impossible. However, in the light of certain details oi the cuticle, and by analogy with lour similar cases occurring in northern Italy, as well as 10 others (nine subcutaneous and one sub-mucosal) reported in man from the same region (Venetia) over the last 15 years, the aetiologic agent was thought io be Dirofilaria (N.) repens. Over all 10 cases of human pulmonary dirofilariasis were reported in Europe : five in Italy, probably by D.(N.) repens, two in Germany, in patients coming from Corsica and two in Spain (only by serology), attributed io D. immitis. In addition one case was reported in U.S.A. in a man who previously visited Italy

Sentinel lymph node biopsy in microinvasive ductal carcinoma in situ

Background: Microinvasive breast cancer is an uncommon pathological entity. Owing to the rarity of this condition, its surgical axillary management and overall prognosis remain controversial. Methods: A database was analysed to identify patients with microinvasive ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) who had surgery for invasive breast cancer at the European Institute of Oncology, Milan, between 1998 and 2010. Women who had undergone axillary staging by sentinel lymph node biopsy were included in the study. Results: Of 257 women with microinvasive breast cancer who underwent sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB), 226 (87.9 per cent) had negative sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) and 31 had metastatic SLNs. Twelve patients had isolated tumour cells (ITCs), 14 had micrometastases and five had macrometastases in sentinel nodes. Axillary lymph node dissection was performed in 16 of the 31 patients with positive SLNs. After a median follow-up of 11 years, only one regional first event was observed in the 15 patients with positive SLNs who did not undergo axillary lymph node dissection. There were no regional first events in the 16 patients with positive SLNs who had axillary dissection. Conclusion: Good disease-free and overall survival were found in women with positive SLNs and microinvasive DCIS. This study is in line with studies showing that SLNB inmicroinvasive DCIS may not be useful, and supports the evidence that less surgery can provide the same level of overall survival with better quality of life

Targeting SLMAP-ALK—a novel gene fusion in lung adenocarcinoma

Assessment of ALK gene rearrangements is strongly recommended by the Molecular Testing Guideline for Selection of Lung Cancer Patients proposed by IASLC, AMP, and CAP at the time of diagnosis for patients with advanced stage disease. Non- small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with ALK gene rearrangements or the resulting fusion pro- teins have been, for the most part, successfully targeted with ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). The most frequent rearrangement, the EML4-ALK oncogenic fusion, has more than 10 distinct variants, each with a discrete breakpoint in EML4. Recent studies have suggested that EML4-ALK variants may have differential responses to TKIs. Additionally, non-EML4- ALK fusions that result from ALK rearrangements with diverse 5′ partners could possibly have varied biologic and clinical implications in their therapeutic responses and outcomes of patients with NSCLC. Existing literature documents at least 20 non-EML4 fusion partners for ALK, and the clinical responsiveness to crizotinib ranges from increased sensitivity to re- sistance. This underscores the importance of identifying the precise 5′ fusion partner to ALK before initiation of therapy. Herein we report the identification of a novel SLMAP-ALK fusion in a patient with NSCLC

Persistence of Parathion, Toxaphene, and Methoxychlor in Soil

The Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311

Inclusion VR: a New Virtual Reality Device for Inclusive Experiences

There are many public and private spaces and environments where design characteristics are a severe impediment to accessibility for people with reduced mobility. Traditional measurements of accessibility are flawed, as they fail to account for people’s mobility and physical differences. Structural barriers and individual mobility limitations that affect travel time, effort, and even successful completion are ignored. An accessibility measurement framework including measures of absolute, gross, closest assignment, single and multiple activity, probabilistic choice, and relative access has been proposed to address this problem [1]. Unfortunately, in most cases, people with reduced mobility are forced to renounce access to public and private spaces. Although the best solution would obviously be to make these places universally accessible, there are some sites where it is very difficult to make architectural changes without altering their identity. Cultural heritage sites are a good example of places where architectural changes are not feasible. This is especially problematic in the case of monuments and archaeological sites, as many of them are not prepared to receive these types of visitors. The European Union considers cultural heritage as a means of achieving social integration [2]. Among its current challenges, the EU is promoting multidisciplinary initiatives that combine expertise in cultural heritage with the resources provided by technology. From another perspective, the use of virtual reality to evaluate and train inexperienced wheelchair users has been proposed [3]. People with motor disabilities can benefit from these types of actions. In situations where the value of a site must be preserved, and the needs of people with limited mobility must be taken into account, building a digital twin of the space can be a way to experience/visit the site through virtual reality