L-NAME-induced preeclampsia: correction of functional disorders of the hemostasis system with resveratrol and nicorandil

Preeclampsia is a formidable disease of the second half of pregnancy, leading to severe complications, including disability and even death. Many authors have recognized the correlation between the severity of preeclampsia and the degree of disturbances in the hemostasis system. In this regard, the objective of this study was to assess inhibition of platelet aggregation and the possibility of its correction with resverаtrol and nicorand

The effect of arginase ii selective inhibitors on the functional parameters of experimental animals in ADMA–like preeclampsia

Perinatal mortality rate and the rate of preterm birth (10-12%) in pregnant women with hypertensive disorders far outweigh the corresponding values in women with physiological pregnancy. Despite such close attention worldwide to this problem, today the number of this complication has no tendency to decreas

Публикационный вклад редколлегии в библиометрические показатели научного журнала (информационно-библиотечная область)

The authors attempt to determine publishing contribution of editorial board members (EBM) into the rating of their parent journals as exemplified by Russian journals in library and information sciences divided into low-, middle-, and top-rank groups. To determine this contribution, we studied EBM scholarly input to their parent journals vs. to other sources; besides, the scholarly input by EBM and other authors in each journal was compared. No correlation between the journal rank and share of EBM’s publications in their parent journals and/or EBM’s citations of their journal, or correlation between the journal rank and share of EBM papers in the respective journal were detected. However, the positive correlation was revealed between the journal rank and share of foreign EBM, regardless of their scholarly input in their parent journal. The analysis of citation of EBM papers in their journals, as well as the analyses of their journal citations provided by EBM in other sources, demonstrates significant impact of EBM on bibliometric indices of top- and low-rank journals implying active involvement of EBM in the development of their parent serials. The lowest or even negative impact of EBM on journal rank was identified among the middle-rank group of journals since their papers were poorly (if ever) cited. Thus, formal inclusion of experts into editorial boards of those journals and low interest they take in their journal may be assumed. Our findings contribute to scientometric studies of editorial boards and may be of interest to editors-in-chief and founders of journals.В статье предпринята попытка определить публикационный вклад редакционных коллегий в рейтинговые показатели собственных журналов на примере российских изданий информационно-библиотечной тематики, разделённых на три группы – с невысоким рейтингом, среднего уровня и высокоавторитетные. Для определения долевого вклада в каждой из групп журналов исследовались публикации членов редколлегии в собственных журналах и в других источниках; проведён сравнительный анализ потока публикаций редколлегии в своих журналах с публикациями прочих авторов. Не было выявлено корреляции между рейтингом журнала и долей публикующихся в журнале и (или) цитирующих свой журнал участников редколлегий, а также долей публикаций редколлегии в своём журнале. В то же время обнаружена существенная корреляция между рейтингом журнала и долей зарубежных участников редколлегии вне зависимости от их публикационного вклада в журнал. Анализ цитирования публикаций редколлегии в своём журнале, а также цитирований, сделанных редколлегией на свой журнал в других источниках, показал значительное влияние редколлегии на рейтинг высокоавторитетных журналов и журналов с низкими показателями. В этом прослеживается активное участие редколлегий в развитии изданий. Наименьшее, а в ряде случаев отрицательное влияние на рейтинг журналов оказали малоили нецитируемые публикации членов редколлегии в журналах средней группы, свидетельствующие, возможно, о формальном привлечении учёных в редколлегии и их незаинтересованности в работе. Полученные результаты вносят вклад в наукометрические исследования редакционных коллегий и могут представлять интерес для главных редакторов и учредителей журналов

Perfection of the mechanism of planning of innovative activities based on the system-transdisciplinary approach

The possibility of applying transdisciplinary system methodology in the process of developing plans for the innovative development of business entities has been considered. The use of a transdisciplinary systematic approach to innovation planning allows you to use new methodological planning tools, strengthen the systematic nature of planned activities, more clearly define their content and sequence.Various variants of the classification of scientific approaches according to the criterion of the degree of completeness of cognition of the surrounding world have been analysed, the basic transdisciplinary methodological approaches according to the content criteria and possibilities have been compared, such as: the theory of autopoiesis, the theory of chaos and complexity, the theory of fractals, the theory of turbulence and the theory of economic genetics.An important factor in the proposed methodology is the use of the evolutionary property of the development of organizational systems in combination with the possibility of revolutionary transformations at certain stages of development that determine the susceptibility of the organizational system to innovations. In the process of planning innovations, it is only possible to take into account these features of the development of organizational systems using a systemic transdisciplinary methodology.In the process of research, a transdisciplinary tool such as multiplex has been proposed for use, allowing us to determine the duration of the “internal” periods of development of the organizational system and, consequently, increase the validity of planned measures for the implementation of innovations. The use of this tool in the planning process has allowed us to find an approach to determining the duration of the periods of the various stages of the innovation process, which can in future provide an opportunity to effectively distribute the resources of an economic entity over time. At the same time, special attention in the process of planning investments in the innovation process has been paid to the practice of venture and business angel financing, the positive performance of which has been proved by the example of the United States

Static conductivity of charged domain wall in uniaxial ferroelectric-semiconductors

Using Landau-Ginzburg-Devonshire theory we calculated numerically the static conductivity of both inclined and counter domain walls in the uniaxial ferroelectrics-semiconductors of n-type. We used the effective mass approximation for the electron and holes density of states, which is valid at arbitrary distance from the domain wall. Due to the electrons accumulation, the static conductivity drastically increases at the inclined head-to-head wall by 1 order of magnitude for small incline angles theta pi/40 by up 3 orders of magnitude for the counter domain wall (theta=pi/2). Two separate regions of the space charge accumulation exist across an inclined tail-to-tail wall: the thin region in the immediate vicinity of the wall with accumulated mobile holes and the much wider region with ionized donors. The conductivity across the tail-to-tail wall is at least an order of magnitude smaller than the one of the head-to-head wall due to the low mobility of holes, which are improper carries. The results are in qualitative agreement with recent experimental data for LiNbO3 doped with MgO.Comment: 20 pages, 6 figures, 1 appendi

Genotypic variability of Pinus sylvestris L. on the drought-resistance attribute

There was an increase and intensification of droughts in connection with global climate change in recent decades. Not all plant organisms are able to adapt to changing environmental conditions. Therefore, the question of stressresistant (drought-resistant) genotypes selection for breeding is quite urgent. This problem also concerns forest tree plants, including Scots pine, which is one of the main foresters in the Voronezh region. The results of vegetative and generative sphere analysis of individual Scotch pine trees with the help of biotechnology, molecular-genetic and cytogenetic method are given in this study. The possibility of applying the tissue culture method in vitro for testing initial plants for stress resistance, including drought resistance, is explained by the interconnection of cells, tissues and the whole plant properties. It is shown that the cytogenetic characteristics of the seed progeny and the indicators of callusogenic reactions do not always coincide in different genotypes: in some cases energy resources are spent on ontogeny protection, while, in other cases, to reproductive function maintain. There are trees, in which the state the generative sphere in arid years is at the level of optimal years, and their callus cultures reaction remains unchanged even under simulated conditions of drought. Based on the results obtained for the selection of Scots pine drought-resistant genotypes we suggest applying a system of criteria characterizing both the ability of the vegetative sphere to survive in drought conditions on the basis of the tissue culture method in vitro (callus tissue formation speed, its viability, frequency of callusogenesis), and the state of the generative sphere with the help of cytogenetic analysis of seed progeny (frequency of mitosis pathologies, the proportion of cells with micronuclei, mitotic activity). The expediency of applying the biotechnological approach was proved by analysis of the gene expression level of stress proteins: the level of AbaH gene expression correlates greatly with the indicator of the viability of callus cultures, including ones on a nutrient medium with an additional stress agent (NaCl). Trees that can be assigned to drought-resistant ones, according to the results of the analysis, should be recommended for use in breeding

Arginase Inhibitor in the Pharmacological Correction of Endothelial Dysfunction

This paper is about a way of correction of endothelial dysfunction with the inhibitor of arginase: L-norvaline. There is an imbalance between vasoconstriction and vasodilatation factors of endothelium on the basis of endothelial dysfunction. Among vasodilatation agents, nitrogen oxide plays the basic role. Amino acid L-arginine serves as a source of molecules of nitrogen oxide in an organism. Because of the high activity of arginase enzyme which catalyzes the hydrolysis of L-arginine into ornithine and urea, the bioavailability of nitrogen oxide decreases. The inhibitors of arginase suppress the activity of the given enzyme, raising and production of nitrogen oxide, preventing the development of endothelial dysfunction

Критерии авторства и проблема его атрибуции в научных публикациях

A complication of academic research, the emergence of new subject areas at the intersection of different scientific disciplines, increase in international collaboration are accompanied by an increase in the number of co-authors resulting in the problem of author attribution requiring the development of new approaches to detecting authors’ roles and formation of new authorship criteria. The solution of the problem of authorship attribution should specify actual contribution of the scientist to preparing research and the paper, distinguish areas of responsibility of co-authors, and enable certain researchers to accumulate their own reputation capital. The current study presents a review of Russian and foreign approaches for solving this problem including the development of new sections in articles for naming persons who do not match authorship criteria and introduction of models of sequence order of authors. The paper also traces the main stages in the development of authorship criteria, describes the advantages and disadvantages of authorship model as compared to new contributorship model. Transition to the fractional calculation of the contribution of each participant of a research paper is believed to be promising implying significance of the author’s position in the byline and an increased role of paper sections describing the specific contribution of each author.Усложнение научных исследований, появление новых областей на стыках различных дисциплин, расширение международного сотрудничества способствуют росту числа авторов в расчёте на научную публикацию, а также увеличению числа соавторов. Это ведёт к проблеме атрибуции авторства, требующей разработки новых подходов к выявлению авторских ролей и формированию новых критериев авторства. Решение проблемы атрибуции авторства призвано установить действительный вклад учёного в подготовку исследования и статьи по его результатам, разграничить зоны ответственности соавторов, позволить отдельным учёным накапливать собственный репутационный капитал. В статье представлен обзор отечественных и зарубежных подходов к решению обозначенной проблемы, включая формирование новых разделов публикаций для указания лиц, не соответствующих критериям авторства, и разработку моделей упорядочения имён авторов. Прослежены основные этапы формирования критериев авторства, отражены преимущества и недостатки модели авторства посредством противопоставления новой модели описания видов участия в научном исследовании. Перспективным представляется переход к фракционному учёту вклада каждого из создателей научного произведения, при котором возрастает значение позиции авторов в авторской строке и усиливается роль разделов публикации с конкретным описанием авторского вклада

Феномен научной мобильности в информетрических исследованиях

In the last few years, scientific mobility phenomenon has attracted greater attention of some researchers working in different subject areas due to the increased significance of migration of scientists in the new context of computerization, globalization of science, and an increase in the number of cross- and multidisciplinary studies. This paper briefly describes the main stages of scientific mobility in the 20th and 21st centuries closely related to different types of mobility including the concepts of brain drain and brain gain, brain circulation, and new types of brain networking and synchronous mobility. We also summarized and typed the main approaches developed by researchers when studying scientific mobility. Particular focus was on the subject for studies on mobility with main clusters covering motivations and driving forces, the impact of mobility on research output, pathways of research migration, connections between scientific mobility and research collaborations, and development of approaches to study scientific mobility. It was revealed that most common methods include analysis of curriculum vitae, interviewing and questionnaire surveys, and scientometric methods. Finally, we addressed currently unsolved problems when studying scientific mobility.В последние годы феномен мобильности учёных привлекает значительное внимание исследователей в различных областях знаний, что вызвано возросшими потоками научной миграции, процессами глобализации, затронувшими в том числе научные исследования, а также увеличением числа междисциплинарных и политематических работ. В статье рассмотрены основные этапы мобильности учёных в XX–XXI вв., тесным образом связанные с различными типами мобильности, включая утечку, приток и циркуляцию умов, а также новые типы сетевой и синхронной мобильности. Дана типология основных сформировавшихся на сегодняшний день подходов к изучению мобильности учёных. Отдельное внимание уделено исследованиям мобильности учёных, включая мотивацию при отъезде и возвращении, влияние мобильности на публикационную активность и потоки научной миграции, связь мобильности с развитием научных коллабораций, разработку методов исследования мобильности учёных. Выявлено, что наиболее часто используемые подходы при изучении мобильности учёных – это анализ анкет научных сотрудников, интервьюирование и наукометрические методы. Вкратце рассмотрены нерешённые проблемы в изучении научной мобильности. Сделан вывод о том, что детальное исследование академической мобильности позволяет сформировать реальную картину кадрового потенциала страны

Erythropoietin mimetic peptide (pHBSP) corrects endothelial dysfunction in a rat model of preeclampsia

Preeclampsia is a severe disease of late pregnancy. Etiological factors and a pathogenetic pattern of events still require significant clarification, but it is now recognized that a large role is played by placentation disorders and emerging endothelial dysfunction. The administration of short-chain peptides mimicking the spatial structure of the B erythropoietin chain may become one of the directions of searching for new drugs for preeclampsia prevention and therap