Protection of Sinorhizobium against Host Cysteine-Rich Antimicrobial Peptides Is Critical for Symbiosis

A bacterial membrane protein, BacA, protects Sinorhizobium meliloti against the antimicrobial activity of host peptides, enabling the peptides to induce bacterial persistence rather than bacterial death

Copernicus Marine Service Ocean State Report

This is the final version. Available from Taylor & Francis via the DOI in this record

Copernicus Marine Service ocean state report, issue 4

This is the final version. Available from Taylor & Francis via the DOI in this record. FCT/MCTE

231Pa and 230Th in the Barents Sea and the Nansen Basin: Implications for Shelf-Basin Interactions and Changes in Particle Flux

In seawater, particle reactive 231Pa and 230Th are uniformly produced by decay of soluble 235U and 234U. Due to differences in particle reactivity, 230Th tends to be removed to the sediment close to its production site, while 231Pa is more prone to lateral transport and is removed to the sediments in areas of high particle flux (i.e. boundary scavenging). Due to a combination of perennial ice cover, large shelf areas and river runoff, boundary scavenging in the Arctic Ocean strongly impacts the distribution of 231Pa and 230Th in the water column. Here, 231Pa and 230Th were analyzed in seawater and particles from the Arctic GEOTRACES section GN04 along the Barents shelf and in the Nansen basin. Key observations include lower concentrations of dissolved 231Pa and 230Th on the Barents shelf compared to the Nansen basin, indicating enhanced removal of 231Pa and 230Th near the margin. The particulate nuclide/total nuclide ratio increases from the surface (0.2% for 231Paxs and 0.7% for 230Thxs) to the seafloor (11% for 231Paxs and 71% for 230Thxs), highlighting the role of deep scavenging. The fractionation factor between 231Pa and 230Th (FTh/Pa) ranges from ~3 to 25 and generally increases with depth. Comparison between suspended particles and sediments will be provided. Further, dissolved 231Paxs and 230Thxs concentrations in the Nansen basin are lower compared to concentrations measured 20 years ago1 . This might reflect changes in particle flux and/or changes in circulation patterns. 1 Scholten, J., Rutgers van der Loeff, M., 1995. Distribution of 230Th and 231Pa in the water column in relation to the ventilation of the deep Arctic basins. Deep. Res. Part II 42, 1519–1531

Psychological trauma occurring during adolescence is associated with an increased risk of greater waist circumference in Early Psychosis patients treated with psychotropic medication

BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that exposure to Childhood Trauma [CT] may play a role in the risk of obesity in Early Psychosis [EP] patients; however, whether this is independently of age at exposure to CT and the medication profile has yet to be investigated. METHODS: 113 EP-patients aged 18-35 were recruited from the Treatment and Early Intervention in Psychosis Program [TIPP-Lausanne]. Body Mass Index [BMI], Weight Gain [WG] and Waist Circumference [WC] were measured prospectively at baseline and after 1, 2, 3, 6 and 12 months of weight gain inducing psychotropic treatment. Patients were classified as Early-Trauma and Late-Trauma if the exposure had occurred before age 12 or between ages 12 and 16 respectively. Generalized Linear Mixed-Models were adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic status, baseline BMI, medication and for diagnosis of depression. RESULTS: Late-Trauma patients, when compared to Non-Trauma patients showed greater WCs during the follow-up [p = 0.013]. No differences were found in any of the other follow-up measures. CONCLUSIONS: Exposition to CT during adolescence in EP-patients treated with psychotropic medication is associated with greater WC during the early phase of the disease. Further investigation exploring mechanisms underlying the interactions between peripubertal stress, corticoids responsiveness and a subsequent increase of abdominal adiposity is warranted