Використання пасивних радіоподовжувачів для забезпечення зв`язку в місцях з важкодоступним проходженням радіохвиль

The problems of design of subscriber’s passive antenna for cellular systems of communication were considered. Design of antennas assembly and its basic specification were consideredРассмотрены вопросы построения пассивных радиоудлинителей сотовых систем связи. Описаны конструкции антенно-фидерных устройств, даны их основные характеристикиРозглянуто питання побудови пасивних радіоподовжувачів стільникових систем зв’язку. Описані конструкції антенно-фідерних пристроїв, приведені їх основні характеристик

Сучасний стан та тенденції розвитку трудового потенціалу в Житомирській області

Мета роботи – визначити сучасний стан і тенденції формування, розвитку, використання та реалізації трудового потенціалу Житомирської області й надати рекомендації щодо його активізації. Дизайн/Метод/Підхід дослідження. В процесі дослідження використано методи теоретичного узагальнення, аргументації та абстракції, аналітичний та економіко-статистичний. Результати дослідження. Висвітлено основні погляди та надано трактування таким поняттям як трудові ресурси, трудовий потенціал (країни, регіону, підприємства). Оглянуто показники, що характеризують трудовий потенціал суспільства, надано їх класифікацію. Наведено характеристику трудового потенціалу відповідно до рівневої структури. З’ясовано, з чого формується величина трудового потенціалу регіону та розглянуто його кількісні та якісні сторони. Проаналізовано стан трудового потенціалу Житомирської області за демографічною складовою, включаючи динаміку природного приросту населення. Представлено зведені показники стану трудового потенціалу, з’ясовано роль освітньої складової у формуванні трудового потенціалу на основі аналізу кількості осіб, які навчалися у навчальних закладах. Розглянуто основні показники діяльності суб’єктів господарювання та економічну активність населення за рівнем освіти. На основі отриманих даних зроблено висновки та рекомендації щодо покращення ситуації, що склалася. Практичне значення дослідження. Результати дослідження можна використовувати при розробці пропозицій щодо ефективного формування та використання трудового потенціалу. Оригінальність/Цінність/Наукова новизна дослідження. Висвітлено підходи до визначення поняття «трудовий потенціал» та «трудовий потенціал регіону», проведено оцінку та аналіз стану трудового потенціалу та надано рекомендації щодо його ефективного формування та використання. Обмеження дослідження/Перспективи подальших досліджень. Розробити ефективний механізм ефективного формування та використання трудового потенціалу як на рівні регіону, так і підприємства. Тип статті – теоретична

Factors associated with high glucose variability in patients with type 1 diabetes

BACKGROUND: High glucose variability (GV) is recognized as a risk factor for vascular diabetic complications and hypoglycemia. Factors affecting GV in patients with diabetes needed to be clarified.AIM: To determine the factors associated with high GV in adult patients with type 1 diabetes.MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a single center cross-sectional observational study. In-patients with type 1 diabetes aged 18 to 65 years on basal bolus insulin therapy were included. Day-time and nocturnal Coefficient of Variation (CV), Mean Amplitude of Glycemic Excursions (MAGE), Mean Absolute Glucose (MAG) were calculated from continuous glucose monitoring data. The values of CV, MAGE, MAG within the upper quartile were considered high.RESULTS: The study included 400 individuals, including 111 on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). Patients with high GV had lower fasting and postprandial C-peptide levels and higher insulin doses. According to ROC analysis, daily insulin dose >0.69 U/kg and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥90.5 ml/min×1.73 m2 were associated with high nocturnal CV values. Dose of basal insulin >0.292 U/kg and bolus insulin >0.325 U/day were associated with nocturnal MAGE. Body mass index (BMI) ≤23.2 kg/m2, waist circumference ≤80.5 cm, daily insulin dose ≥0.69 U/kg, HbA1c ≥8.3%, eGFR ≥89.5 ml/ min×1.73m2 increased risk of high MAG at night. High day-time CV values were associated with daily insulin dose ≥0.675 U/kg and daily dose of BI ≥0.286 U/kg. The risk of high MAGE was increased with HbA1c ≥8.24% and basal insulin dose ≥0.286 U/kg. BMI ≤23.2 kg/m2, waist circumference ≤80.5 cm, daily insulin dose ≥0.69 U/kg, daily dose of bolus and basal insulin ≥0.325 and ≥0.29 U/kg respectively, and HbA1c ≥8.33% were the risk factors for high day-time MAG. Patients on CSII had lower MAGE (p<0.001) and MAG (p=0.008) compared to those on multiple daily injections.CONCLUSION: In type 1 diabetes, high GV is associated with undetectable residual insulin secretion, normal or reduced body weight, preserved kidney function, supraphysiological doses of insulin, and non-target HbA1c. Patients on CSII have a lower GV than those on multiple daily injections

Risk factors for decreased bone mineral density in men with type 2 diabetes.

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes and osteoporosis are widespread diseases in the middle-aged and elderly people. Most studies of osteoporosis in patients with type 2 diabetes have been performed in women; meantime risk factors for lowering bone mineral density (BMD) in men have been little studied.AIMS: to identify risk factors for decreased BMD at the lumbar spine, femoral neck and forearm in men with type 2 diabetes.METHODS: Eighty two men from 50 to 75 years old, with duration of diabetes for at least one year, were included in the study. Individuals with known risk factors for secondary osteoporosis were not included. Twenty-three men with normal BMD having no diabetes or obesity were acted as control. The T-score at the lumbar spine, femoral neck and forearm of a non-dominant arm, as well as body composition parameters, were evaluated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The levels of hormones that affect bone metabolism (parathyroid hormone, free testosterone, 25-OH vitamin D) were measured in blood serum by ELISA. Risk factors for reducing BMD were identified using multivariate regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.RESULTS: Among patients with diabetes, 49 individuals had normal BMD and 33 showed decreased T-score values (<-1 SD). Free testosterone <5.92 pg/ml was predictor for decreased BMD at the lumbar spine (OR=4.4, p=0.04). For femoral neck, the risk factors were body weight <95.5 kg (OR=2.8, p=0.04), total fat mass <27 kg (OR=3.3, p=0.03), truncal fat mass<17.5 kg(OR=4.5, p=0.006), android (central abdominal) fat mass <3.2 kg(OR=4.0, p=0.01), gynoid (hip) fat mass <3.5 kg(OR=3.3, p=0.02), and lean mass <59 kg(OR=3.0, p=0.04). Risk factors for reduced BMD at the forearm were diabetes duration>15.5 years (OR=3.7, p=0.03) and HbA1c <8.15% (OR=3.8, p=0.03). Parathyroid hormone and 25-OH-vitamin D did not predict BMD independently.CONCLUSIONS: In men with type 2 diabetes, low free testosterone is a risk factor for decreased BMD in the lumbar spine, and diabetes duration is a risk factor for decreased BMD in the forearm. The presence of obesity is associated with an increase in BMD in the femoral neck; a high HbA1c is associated with an increase in BMD in the forearm

Clinical and laboratory characteristics of the patterns of chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes

BACKGROUND: A growing body of evidence demonstrates increasing prevalence of normoalbuminuric chronic kidney disease (NA-CKD) in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D), while proportion of albuminuric pattern is decreasing. AIMS: To determine the clinical and laboratory parameters associated with different patterns of CKD in patients with T2D. METHODS: This observational, single-center, cross-sectional study included 360 patients with T2D duration ≥10 years. Patients with urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR) <3 mg/mmol and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) >60 ml/min/1.73 m2 were classified as no-CKD group (n=89). Patients with UACR <3 mg/mmol and eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 formed NA-CKD group (n=111). Individuals with eGFR ≥60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and UACR mg/mmol ≥3 were recorded as albuminuric with preserved renal function (A-CKD–, n=87). Patients with eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and UACR mg/mmol ≥3 mg/mmol were considered as albuminuric CKD group (A-CKD+, n=73). Urinary nephrin and podocin, the podocyte injury markers, and whey acidic protein four-disulfide core domain protein 2 (WFDC-2), a marker of tubulointerstitial involvement, was assessed by ELISA and compared to control (20 non-diabetic subjects). RESULTS: Age ≥65 years (p=0.0001), duration of T2D ≥15 years (p=0.0009), female sex (p=0.04), and therapy with diuretics (p=0.0005) were found as risk factors for NA-CKD. The risk factors for A-CKD were male sex (p=0.01), smoking (p=0.01), waist-to-hip ratio >1 (p=0.01) and HbA1c levels >8% (p=0.005). The duration of T2D ≥15 years (p=0.01) and the use of dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (p=0.01) were associated with A-CKD+. In T2D groups, the urinary excretion of nephrin and podocin was increased (all p<0.001), more markedly in albuminuric individuals (p<0.01 vs. NA-CKD). WFDC-2 excretion was increased in men from all diabetic groups (p<0.05) and in women with decreased eGFR only (p<0.05 vs. the control and NA-CKD). CONCLUSIONS: The CKD patterns in T2D are heterogeneous according to their clinical and laboratory characteristics. The changes in the excretion of nephrin and podocin indicate the association of albuminuric patterns with podocyte injury. A decrease in eGFR in women with T2D is associated with an increase in urinary excretion of WFDC-2, tubulointerstitial fibrosis marker

Association of carotid atherosclerosis and peripheral artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: risk factors and biomarkers

BACKGROUND: Carotid atherosclerosis (CA) and lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a common and potentially life-threatening comorbidity in diabetes.AIM: to determine risk factors and biomarkers of the association of CA and PAD in patients with type 2 diabetes.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A single-center cross-sectional comparative study was carried out. Three hundred ninety one patients with type 2 diabetes were included. Duplex ultrasound of carotid and low limb arteries, screening/monitoring of diabetic complications and associated diseases, and assessment of glycemic control, biochemical and coagulation parameters were performed. Factors involved in vascular wall remodeling, including calponin-1, relaxin, L-citrulline, matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -3, were measured in blood serum by ELISA.RESULTS: The signs of CA and PAD were observed in 330 and 187 patients respectively. In 178 patients, both CA and PAD were revealed. The risk of combined involvement of carotid and lower extremity arteries was higher in patients with diabetic retinopathy (OR=2.57, p<0.001), chronic kidney disease (OR=4.48, p<0.001), history of myocardial infarction (OR=5.09, p<0.001), coronary revascularization (OR=4.31, p<0.001) or cerebrovascular accident (OR=3.07, p<0.001). In ROC-analysis, age ≥65.5 years (OR=3.43, p<0.001), waist-to-hip ratio ≥0.967 (OR=3.01, p=0.001), diabetes duration ≥12.5 years (OR=3.7, p<0.001), duration of insulin therapy ≥4.5 years (OR=3.05, p<0.001), duration of arterial hypertension ≥16.5 years (OR=1.98, p=0.002), serum L-citrulline ≥68 µmol/l (OR=3.82, p=0.003), and mean amplitude of glucose excursions ≥3.72 mmol/l (OR=1.79, p=0.006) were the risk factors for atherosclerosis of two vascular beds. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, age, diabetes duration and waist-to-hip ratio were independent risk factors for association of CA and PAD (p=0.005, p=0.0003, and p=0.004 respectively).CONCLUSION: In subjects with type 2 diabetes, carotid and lower extremity atherosclerotic disease is associated with age, diabetes duration, abdominal obesity, microvascular and macrovascular complications, glucose variability, and high serum levels of L-citrulline

Управление товарно-материальными запасами

The paper reveals the methodology for justification of rational inventory scope. The concrete example of its calculation is given in the paper. The diagram of the inventory changes has been plotted which makes it possible to manage it efficiently.Представлена методика обоснования рациональных размеров товарно-материальных запасов, приведен конкретный пример их расчета. Построена диаграмма движения запаса, позволяющая оперативно управлять им

ОЦЕНКА УРОВНЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ТРУДА НА УБОРКЕ КОРМОВЫХ КУЛЬТУР КАК ПОКАЗАТЕЛЯ СНИЖЕНИЯ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНЫХ РИСКОВ

The article substantiates the indicator of occupational safety of an operator of mobile agricultural machinery depending on his professional training, injury risk of equipment, and working conditions. Proposed is the range of the levels of occupational safety of forage harvester operators, what contributes to the rational allocation of operators for equipment, and as a result, efficiency increase of the measures on labour protection.В статье обоснован показатель безопасности труда оператора мобильной сельскохозяйственной техники от профессиональной его подготовки, травмоопасности технического средства и условий труда. Предложена градация уровней безопасности труда операторов кормоуборочных комбайнов, что способствует рациональному распределению операторов за техникой и, как следствие, повышению эффективности мероприятий по охране труда

MODERN APPROACH TO MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF PROSTATE TUMORS

The aim of the study was the development of a cell biosensor system based on the fact that AR activator stimuli lead to redistribution of AR from cytoplasm to the nucleus. These changes could be measured and used for the diagnostics and personalized treatment of prostate cancer patient. The stably transfected cell lines with fluorescently tagged AR were generated. For the stable cell expression the non AR expressing HeLa cell line was used. The constructs of chimeric fluorescent proteins wild type AR or mutant ART877A were used for the transfection. The changes of the CFP-AR-YFP and CFP-ART877A-YFP proteins in the nucleus of HeLa cells under different concentrations steroids treatment was investigated. Moreover, the quantity of activated receptor in the nucleus was carried

Влияние полиакриламидных флокулянтов на свойства глинистых минералов калийной руды

The process and mechanism of phase separation of the salt dispersion of potassium ore clay minerals using polyacryla-mide flocculants has been studied. It has been shown that it proceeds through the following sequential steps: adsorption of the polymers on the surface of clay particles in salt solution; interaction of polymer molecules adsorbed on different particles; flocculation of clay particles with the polymer; precipitation of clay solids. The product obtained after separation of brine, containing up to 80 % clay minerals, has chemical and mineralogical composition similar to that of soils, is environmentally safe and so can be used for various applications.Исследован процесс и механизм фазового разделения солевой дисперсии глинистых минералов калийной руды полиакриламидными флокулянтами, который реализуется через следующие последовательные стадии: адсорбция полимеров из солевых растворов на поверхности глинистых частиц; взаимодействие молекул полимеров, адсорбированных на разных частицах; образование флокул из частиц глины и полимера; выделение глинистой твердой фазы. Продукт, полученный после отделения солевого раствора, содержит до 80 % глинистых минералов, характеризуется химическим и минералогическим составом, близким к почвам, экологически безопасен, что позволяет использовать его в различных областях