Application of Electron-Attachment Reactions to Enhance Selectivity of Electron-Capture Detector for Nitroaromatic Explosives

The differences in the extent of electron-attachment reactions between thermal electrons and selected classes of organic molecules with high electron affinities were investigated. the investigations showed that interactions of thermal electrons with nitroaromatic compounds lead to the formation of neutral products with very low electron affinities. by contrast, a number of other analytes with high electron affinities such as polyhalogenated organic compounds, lead to products with high electron affinities. This difference was exploited to differentiate between nitroaromatic and polychlorinated organic compounds with a tandem arrangement consisting of two electron-capture detectors connected in series with an electron-attachment reactor

Transboundary Chains for CO₂ Enhanced Oil Recovery: Legal Contexts for CO₂ Injection in the North Sea

The Central North Sea (CNS) has been identified as a location with good potential for CO2 Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) from depleting oil and gas fields. EOR is considered to be an essential driver for CCS demonstration and commercialization1. Hydrocarbon fields in the CNS are also linked to a wider aquifer storage capacity. The CNS region could therefore provide a CO2 storage facility for EU Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS) projects. It is envisioned that the CNS region could progressively be developed into a fully functioning storage hub for Europe's industrial CO2 emissions by 2050, offering a range of CO2 storage sites and CO2 pipeline and shipping infrastructure2.The Central North Sea (CNS) has been identified as a location with good potential for CO2 Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) from depleting oil and gas fields. EOR is considered to be an essential driver for CCS demonstration and commercialization1. Hydrocarbon fields in the CNS are also linked to a wider aquifer storage capacity. The CNS region could therefore provide a CO2 storage facility for EU Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS) projects. It is envisioned that the CNS region could progressively be developed into a fully functioning storage hub for Europe's industrial CO2 emissions by 2050, offering a range of CO2 storage sites and CO2 pipeline and shipping infrastructure2

Solvent and Method for Extraction of Triglyceride Rich Oil

The present invention relates to a solvent for use in extracting oil from an oil bearing material, such as soybeans, with the solvent resulting in the selective extraction of a triglyceride rich oil, which contains 95% or greater triglycerides and non-polar constituents, with the solvent comprised of a hydrocarbon, preferably hexane, and a fluorocarbon, so that the solvent has a viscosity less than 2.6 centipoise and a polarity of less than 0.1. The present invention also relates to a method of using the solvent to extract the triglyceride rich oil, with the method including preferably extracting the oil at a temperature ranging between 35° C. and 55° C., and then preferably cooling resulting miscella to a temperature ranging between 15° C. and 25° C

Solvent and Method for Extraction of Triglyceride Rich Oil

The present invention relates to a solvent for use in extracting oil from an oil bearing material, such as soybeans, with the solvent resulting in the selective extraction of a triglyceride rich oil, which contains 95% or greater triglycerides and non-polar constituents, with the solvent comprised of a hydrocarbon, preferably hexane, and a fluorocarbon, so that the solvent has a viscosity less than 2.6 centipoise and a polarity of less than 0.1. The present invention also relates to a method of using the solvent to extract the triglyceride rich oil, with the method including preferably extracting the oil at a temperature ranging between 35° C. and 55° C., and then preferably cooling resulting miscella to a temperature ranging between 15° C. and 25° C

Solvent and Method for Extraction of Triglyceride Rich Oil

The present invention relates to a solvent for use in extracting oil from an oil bearing material, such as soybeans, with the solvent resulting in the selective extraction of a triglyceride rich oil, which contains 95% or greater triglycerides and non-polar constituents, with the solvent comprised of a hydrocarbon, preferably hexane, and a fluorocarbon, so that the solvent has a viscosity less than 2.6 centipoise and a polarity of less than 0.1. The present invention also relates to a method of using the solvent to extract the triglyceride rich oil, with the method including preferably extracting the oil at a temperature ranging between 35° C. and 55° C., and then preferably cooling resulting miscella to a temperature ranging between 15° C. and 25° C

Arginine Deficiencyâ Induced Hyperammonemia in a Home Total Parenteral Nutritionâ Dependent Patient: A Case Report

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/142194/1/jpen0286.pd

Evaluation of Combustion Processes for Production of Feedstock Chemicals from Ammonium Sulfate and Ammonium Bisulfate

The combustion of ammonium bisulfate and ammonium sulfate solutions in hydrocarbon/air flames was studied under varied flame conditions. The objective of the study was to optimize the recovery of sulfur value from aqueous waste streams containing these salts. Combustion of ammonium sulfates yielded different sulfur species such as sulfur dioxide (SO2 ), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and carbonyl sulfide (COS). The types of sulfur species obtained and their yields were dependent on the flame stoichiometry. When combustion was carried out in stochiometric flames or in flames with excess oxygen, the sulfur present in the salts was quantitatively converted to SO2 . However, these flames also produced nitrogen oxides (NOx ) above the 200ppm level. Combustion of ammonium sulfates in the sub-stoichiometric (oxygen-deficient) flames resulted in the formation of reduced sulfur species, particularly H2S. This species accounted for nearly 90% of the total sulfur present in the salts. Introduction of a secondary air stream in cooler regions of the combustor led to quantitative oxidation of H2 S and other reduced species such as COS to SO2. The SO2 obtained through the secondary oxidation contained nitrogen oxides at comparably lower levels

Bis(di-n-butoxyphosphato) cobalt (II) & Its Complexes with Lewis Bases

500-50

Investigating the prospects for Carbon Capture and Storage technology in India

The use of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies to mitigate the risk of climate change has received relatively little attention until recent years. They are, however, increasingly being proposed as potentially important contributors in global action on climate change. For example, the Stern Review notes that: “[CCS] is a technology expected to deliver a significant portion of the emission reductions. The forecast growth in emissions from coal, especially in China and India, means CCS technology has particular importance.” Chinese companies have recently started planning and constructing pilot scale (and larger) CCS schemes. The Indian Government and industry has, however, tended to take a more cautious approach. In this context, this study aims to examine whether CCS could be a suitable option for India and, if so, what role would be appropriate for various stakeholders, including developed countries, to play in its development within India. The primary research reported here is a survey- based exploration of stakeholder views on the suitability of CCS for India and how CCS could be developed and deployed. There is a lively debate about whether CCS should be deployed in India. It is expected that coal will play a significant role in providing energy and electricity in India until 2050, at least, despite measures to significantly increase the role of other energy sources. Although CCS is not seen as an immediate priority for Indian Government or industry, survey respondents do expect it to become more important in the future, particularly for industry. Thus, it is appropriate to consider whether CCS is a technically feasible option for India and, if so, if and when it should be used. Although there are some significant challenges, it seems likely that introducing CO2 capture at Indian power plants could be technically feasible especially in locations where it is considered appropriate to apply 'capture ready' concepts for new build plants before CCS is deployed. Identifying both suitable storage sites and routes for transporting captured CO2 safely to these sites also requires careful consideration. One important factor in shaping views on whether CCS is an appropriate option for India is the proposed timing of any deployment of possible projects. In particular, survey respondents typically suggest that it is necessary for developed countries to demonstrate CCS at commercial scale before any commercial-scale CCS projects in India are considered. In fact, most survey respondents suggested that any consideration of deployment of CCS in India should be within an appropriate international framework, including measures for knowledge sharing and technology transfer that consider local conditions carefully. The importance of establishing reasonable methods to help with early engagement on CCS between India and developed countries was also noted by some respondents. For example, one respondent suggested that consideration should be given to establishing local knowledge/training centres within India. Survey respondents also suggested that it was reasonable for developed country governments to contribute to financing of both initial projects and wider deployment of CCS in India. This could partly be through international finance institutions such as the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund and the Asian Development Bank