The characteristic of time and space categories inreligious style

The article is devoted to the characteristic of time and space categories in religious style. The author believes that the explication of chronotope category in texts of religious style is based on Christian idea of two worlds, and projects it on a dichotomy of concept of objective and conceptual time and space.Статья посвящена характеристике категорий времени и пространства в религиозном стиле. Автор полагает, что экспликация указанных категорий текстов религиозного стиля основывается на христианской идее двоемирия, проецирует ее на дихотомию понятий объективного и концептуального времени и пространства

Family in the perception of modern students

Introduction. The relevance of this work is due to the socio-economic changes taking place in society, which undoubtedly affects the value orientations of the young generation. The article presents the results of a study of the family as a fundamental value in the minds of modern Ural students. The purpose of the study is to comprehend the axiological reality of the current time. The purpose of the study is to comprehend the axiological reality of the current time. Materials and methods. The goal was realized based on the development of a sociolinguistic monitoring procedure, the implementation of which allowed us to identify the value preferences of students. The results of the study. The results made it possible to formulate a conclusion: the core of core values is a system of interconnected conceptual meanings organized according to the type of cognitive matrix. The discussion of the results. The value of the well-being of loved ones and the related value of the family came first. A psycholinguistic experiment aimed at identifying nuclear and peripheral conceptual meanings enshrined in linguistic consciousness was carried out according to the principle of addition. Conclusion. Based on a meaningful interpretation of the experimental material, it was established that the traditional idea of the family as a social unit aimed at maintaining the well-being of loved ones, caring for the older generation, and mutual assistance is maintained. © 2019 LLC Ecological Help. All rights reserved

PROTO-TEXTUALITY AS THE CONSTRUCTIVE PRINCIPLE OF RELIGIOUS STYLE

To the present day, the linguistic description of the religious style is reduced to characterizing certain genres, such as preaching, prayer, message, hagiography. The choice of the constructive principle of religious style and the description of its ontological foundations have not yet been set as an objective scholarly study. The paper demonstrates how the idea of proto-textuality of religious style and, consequently, the protogenic conditioning of all modern religious genres are advanced. The idea of proto-textuality receives a communicative, pragmatic and categorical textual basis in this research. The constructive principle of religious functional style is determined by the peculiarities of religious consciousness and religious activity. The characterization of these ontological principles of dual world and salvation lies in the notion of the textual sphere embodied in the constructive principle of proto-textuality, which implies the obligatory support of each of the following religious texts relating to the religious prototype. Any kind of communication in the religious sphere is genetically derived from the prototype of Holy Scripture and Sacred Tradition and relies on them. The proto-text of Holy Scripture is a closed semantic formation, initially exhausting the body of real texts. The persons described in the Holy Scriptures are subjects of the proto-text that act in a certain historical objective-sacred time and space. In the prototype, invariant genre models that correspond to the goals of participants in religious communication during a particular historical period are fixed, and the protagonists of prayer, sermons and lives are immanently given. Each proto-genre is a text invariant, the basic initial basis of the genre. Proto-genres are further developed, transforming into a modern genre system of religious functional style. The genre peculiarity of the texts created in the sphere of religious communication is determined by the proximity to the prototype and the degree or level of its reflection in the text being created. As applied to the genre level, this ratio is expressed in the genetic connection of later texts with genre proto-text. These genre samples not only set the canon of the genre but are actively used in modern religious communication. Thus, the ontological basis of a religious style is the dual reality, and salvation is the main intention of religious text-generation. Philosophical understanding of dual reality as a distinctive feature of religious consciousness is realized in religious style through proto-textuality. Proto-textuality is a constructive feature of the religious functional style, which determines the binding indissoluble bond of all genres-text-types with protogens. Thus, the continuity and safety of canonical ideological constructs are provided in protests in a concentrated form. The ideological and content proximity to the prototype, following the canons defined in it, determines the field structure of genres of religious style, their nuclear or peripheral affiliation

Conductance of a STM contact on the surface of a thin film

The conductance of a contact, having a radius smaller than the Fermi wave length, on the surface of a thin metal film is investigated theoretically. It is shown that quantization of the electron energy spectrum in the film leads to a step-like dependence of differential conductance G(V) as a function of applied bias eV. The distance between neighboring steps in eV equals the energy level spacing due to size quantization. We demonstrate that a study of G(V) for both signs of the voltage maps the spectrum of energy levels above and below Fermi surface in scanning tunneling experiments.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figure

Russian Language and Literature in Modern World: Problems and Prospects (on Results of II International Forum of Teachers of Russian Language and Literature Organized by Iranian Association of Russian Language and Literature, Teheran, May 8-10, 2018)

The results of the II International Forum of teachers of Russian language and literature organized and held by The Iranian Association of Russian Language and Literature are presented. It is reported that the International Forum topical issues of comparative literature, comparative and comparative linguistics, functional grammar, linguodidactics and translation studies were discussed; the main trends in the development of Russian studies and methods of teaching Russian literature and Russian as a foreign language were considered. The content of scientific reports made during the Forum is covered. The main results of the authors’ research are presented

Signature of Fermi surface anisotropy in point contact conductance in the presence of defects

In a previous paper (Avotina et al.,Phys. Rev. B Vol.71, 115430 (2005)) we have shown that in principle it is possible to image the defect positions below a metal surface by means of a scanning tunnelling microscope. The principle relies on the interference of electron waves scattered on the defects, which give rise to small but measurable conductance fluctuations. Whereas in that work the band structure was assumed to be free-electron like, here we investigate the effects of Fermi surface anisotropy. We demonstrate that the amplitude and period of the conductance oscillations are determined by the local geometry of the Fermi surface. The signal results from those points for which the electron velocity is directed along the vector connecting the point contact to the defect. For a general Fermi surface geometry the position of the maximum amplitude of the conductance oscillations is not found for the tip directly above the defect. We have determined optimal conditions for determination of defect positions in metals with closed and open Fermi surfaces.Comment: 23 pages, 8 figure

INTRA-FAMILY DIALOGUES ABOUT PROFESSION: LINGUOAXIOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION

The paper presents the results of linguoaxiological analysis of two intra-family dialogues. Audio recordings of 60-minute duration were made in Ekaterinburg in 2018. Communicative partners: daughter - student of 18 years, mother - teacher of 44 years; daughter - student of 19 years, mother - cake baker of 42 years. The object of the analysis is the speech parties of the participants of the communicative interaction. The research purpose is to give orthologous, linguocommunicative, axiological characteristic of dialogues, to identify linguocultural type of personality according to live speech. During the orthological analysis of speech parties of daughters the tendency to use slang terms and expressional lexicon is found, unintentional violation of the codified language norms is recorded. In remarks of mother - cake baker certain features of the urban Urals vernacular are traced, which do not violate the general literary aspect of speech. Both mothers are particular in correctness of their daughters' speech and, taking the position of a communicative leader, regulate the content and phatic components of family communication. The article summarizes the features of intra-family cooperative communication: frankness, mutual orientation, the right to an independent point of view, the dozed use of categorical imperatives and the words of unrest. A special subject of linguoaxiological analysis is the development of a common for both dialogues strategical theme "the path to the profession", included in the mother's biographical time. Interpretation of the basic values nominations, axiological judgments, self-esteem statements allowed to characterize the signs of a linguocultural type of a working mother who chose a profession by vocation: love for the family and love for the profession, conceptual thinking, sense of responsibility, propensity for self-analysis, verification of alternative axiological choice, spiritual but not utilitarian value preferences

Temperature-dependent quantum electron transport in 2D point contact

We consider a transmission of electrons through a two-dimensional ballistic point contact in the low-conductance regime below the 0.7-anomaly. The scattering of electrons by Friedel oscillations of charge density results in a contribution to the conductance proportional to the temperature. The sign of this linear term depends on the range of the electron-electron interaction and appears to be negative for the relevant experimental parameters.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure

Resonant multiple Andreev reflections in mesoscopic superconducting junctions

We investigate the properties of subharmonic gap structure (SGS) in superconducting quantum contacts with normal-electron resonances. We find two distinct new features of the SGS in resonant junctions which distinguish them from non-resonant point contacts: (i) The odd-order structures on the current-voltage characteristics of resonant junctions are strongly enhanced and have pronounced peaks, while the even-order structures are suppressed, in the case of a normal electron resonance being close to the Fermi level. (ii) Tremendous current peaks develop at $eV=\pm 2E_0$ where $E_0$ indicates a distance of the resonance to the Fermi level. These properties are determined by the effect of narrowing of the resonance during multiple Andreev reflections and by overlap of electron and hole resonances.Comment: 13 pages, 10 figure

Andreev reflection and order parameter symmetry in heavy-fermion superconductors: the case of CeCoIn5_5

We review the current status of Andreev reflection spectroscopy on the heavy fermions, mostly focusing on the case of CeCoIn$_5$, a heavy-fermion superconductor with a critical temperature of 2.3 K. This is a well-established technique to investigate superconducting order parameters via measurements of the differential conductance from nanoscale metallic junctions. Andreev reflection is clearly observed in CeCoIn$_5$ as in other heavy-fermion superconductors. The measured Andreev signal is highly reduced to the order of maximum $\sim$ 13% compared to the theoretically predicted value (100%). Analysis of the conductance spectra using the extended BTK model provides a qualitative measure for the superconducting order parameter symmetry, which is determined to be $d_{x^2-y^2}$-wave in CeCoIn$_5$. A phenomenological model is proposed employing a Fano interference effect between two conductance channels in order to explain both the conductance asymmetry and the reduced Andreev signal. This model appears plausible not only because it provides good fits to the data but also because it is highly likely that the electrical conduction occurs via two channels, one into the heavy electron liquid and the other into the conduction electron continuum. Further experimental and theoretical investigations will shed new light on the mechanism of how the coherent heavy-electron liquid emerges out of the Kondo lattice, a prototypical strongly correlated electron system. Unresolved issues and future directions are also discussed.Comment: Topical Review published in JPCM (see below), 28 pages, 9 figure