19,396 research outputs found
A skyrmion-based spin-torque nano-oscillator
A model for a spin-torque nano-oscillator based on the self-sustained
oscillation of a magnetic skyrmion is presented. The system involves a circular
nanopillar geometry comprising an ultrathin film free magnetic layer with a
strong Dzyaloshinkii-Moriya interaction and a polariser layer with a
vortex-like spin configuration. It is shown that spin-transfer torques due to
current flow perpendicular to the film plane leads to skyrmion gyration that
arises from a competition between geometric confinement due to boundary edges
and the vortex-like polarisation of the spin torques. A phenomenology for such
oscillations is developed and quantitative analysis using micromagnetics
simulations is presented. It is also shown that weak disorder due to random
anisotropy variations does not influence the main characteristics of the
steady-state gyration.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figure
Role of resonances in rho^0 -> pi^+ pi^- gamma
We study the effect of the sigma(600) and a_1(1260) resonances in the rho^0
-> pi^+ pi^- gamma decay, within the meson dominance model. Major effects are
driven by the mass and width parameters of the sigma(600), and the usually
neglected contribution of the a_1(1260), although small by itself, may become
sizable through its interference with pion bremsstrahlung, and the proper
relative sign can favor the central value of the experimental branching ratio.
We present a procedure, using the gauge invariant structure of the resonant
amplitudes, to kinematically enhance the resonant effects in the angular and
energy distribution of the photon. We also elaborate on the coupling constants
involved.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in PR
Hawking-like emission in kink-soliton escape from a potential well.
The escape of solitons over a potential barrier is analysed within the framework of a nonlinear KleinâGordon equation. It is shown that the creation of a kinkâantikink pair near the barrier through an internal mode instability can be followed by escape of the kink in a process analogous to Hawking radiation. These results have important implications in a wider context, including stochastic resonance and ratchet systems, which are also discussed
Further ALMA observations and detailed modeling of the Red Rectangle
We present new high-quality ALMA observations of the Red Rectangle (a well
known post-AGB object) in C17O J=6-5 and H13CN J=4-3 line emission and results
from a new reduction of already published 13CO J=3-2 data. A detailed model
fitting of all the molecular line data, including previous maps and single-dish
spectra, was performed using a sophisticated code. These observations and the
corresponding modeling allowed us to deepen the analysis of the nebular
properties. We also stress the uncertainties in the model fitting.
We confirm the presence of a rotating equatorial disk and an outflow, which
is mainly formed of gas leaving the disk. The mass of the disk is ~ 0.01 Mo,
and that of the CO-rich outflow is ~ 10 times smaller. High temperatures of ~
100 K are derived for most components. From comparison of the mass values, we
roughly estimate the lifetime of the rotating disk, which is found to be of
about 10000 yr. Taking data of a few other post-AGB composite nebulae into
account, we find that the lifetimes of disks around post-AGB stars typically
range between 5000 and more than 20000 yr. The angular momentum of the disk is
found to be high, ~ 9 Mo AU km/s, which is comparable to that of the stellar
system at present. Our observations of H13CN show a particularly wide velocity
dispersion and indicate that this molecule is only abundant in the inner
Keplerian disk, at ~ 60 AU from the stellar system. We suggest that HCN is
formed in a dense photodissociation region (PDR) due to the UV excess known to
be produced by the stellar system, following chemical mechanisms that are well
established for interstellar medium PDRs and disks orbiting young stars. We
further suggest that this UV excess could lead to the efficient formation and
excitation of PAHs and other C-bearing macromolecules, whose emission is very
intense in the optical counterpart.Comment: Astronomy & Astrohysics, in press; 17 pages, 18 figures, 1 tabl
Prevalence and predictors of inadequate patient medication knowledge
© 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Objectives: To assess medication knowledge in adult patients and to explore its determinants. Method: Cross-sectional study. Medication knowledge was the primary outcome and was assessed using a previously validated questionnaire. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the association between medication knowledge and the factors included in the model. Results: Seven thousand two hundred seventy-eight patients participated in the study. 71.9% (n = 5234) (95% CI: 70.9%â73.0%) of the surveyed patients had an inadequate knowledge of the medication they were taking. The dimensions obtaining the highest level of knowledge were the âmedication use processâ and âtherapeutic objective of medicationâ. The items âfrequencyâ (75.4%), âdosageâ (74.5%) and âindicationâ (70.5%) had the highest percentage of knowledge. Conversely, âmedication safetyâ represented the dimension with the lowest scores, ranging from 12.6% in the item âcontraindicationsâ to 15.3% in the item âside effectsâ. The odds ratio (OR) of having an inadequate medication knowledge increased for unskilled workers (OR: 1.33; 85% CI:1.00â1.78; P = 0.050), caregivers (OR:1.46; 95% CI:1.18â1.81; P < 0.001), patients using more than one medication (OR: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.00â1.31; P = 0.050) and patients who did not know the name of the medication they were taking (OR: 2.14, 95% CI: 1.71â2.68 P < 0.001). Conclusion: Nearly three quarters of the analysed patients had inadequate knowledge regarding the medicines they were taking. Unskilled workers and caregivers were at a higher risk of lacking of medication knowledge. Other factors that correlated with inadequate medication knowledge were the use of more than one drug and not knowing the name of the medication dispensed
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