A Pharmacovigilance Study on Causality and Severity Assessment of Adverse Drug Reactions in a Teaching Hospital

Objectives: The main purpose of the study is to assess the causality, severity, preventability of ADRs and factors associated with ADRs in chronic disease patients of tertiary care teaching hospital. Study setting and Design: A Prospective observational longitudinal study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital at Hyderabad, India, for 3 years. Materials and Methods: Patients of age group > 18 years were included in the study. All the patients were distributed according to their gender, age, number medications used, disease condition, and socioeconomic state. The reported ADRs were analyzed by WHO-UMC causality, Hartwig’s Siegel’s scale and modified Shumock and Thornton criteria respectively. Statistical analysis used: Descriptive statistical analysis was used. Results: A total of 691 patients enrolled in the study, in that 391 patients reported with 510 ADRs. Of these 37.0% are in-patients and 62.9% are out-patients. Majority of the patients are female category (58.0%) and 45.8% of ADRs reported from adults (41-60 years). 65.8% patients are non-adherent to medication. Life style habits, economic status and education are found to be predictors for ADRs. WHO-UMC scale showed 42.9% of ADRs probable. Hartwig’s and Siegel’s severity scales shown 13.1 % ADRs are severe followed by 33.7% moderate ADRs and 40% of ADRs were preventable. Conclusion: Hence our study advises that there is a need of improvement in ADR reporting from health care professionals. This study also suggests further research in India for the improvement of possible intervention strategies to reduce burden and cost of ADR. Keywords: Prospective, ADR reporting, WHO-UMC, Hartwig’s Siegel’s scale, Shumock and Thornton

Grid Connected Distributed Generation System with High Voltage Gain Cascaded DC-DC Converter Fed Asymmetric Multilevel Inverter Topology

The paper presents distributed generation (DG) system in grid connected mode of operation with asymmetric multi-level inverter (AMLI) topology. Cascaded type DC-DC converter is employed to feed proposed AMLI topology. The DG output voltage (generally low voltage) is stepped up to the required level of voltage using high-gain DC-DC converter. Proposed AMLI topology consists of capacitors at the primary side. The output of high-gain DC-DC converter is fed to split voltage balance single-input multi-output (SIMO) circuit to maintain voltage balance across capacitors of AMLI topology. Cascaded DC-DC converters (both high-gain converter and SIMO circuit) are operated in closed-loop mode. The proposed AMLI feeds active power to grid converting DC type of power generated from DG to AC type to feed the grid. PWM pattern to trigger power switches of AMLI is also presented. The inverting circuit of MLI topology is controlled using simplified Id-Iq control strategy in this paper. With the proposed control theory, the active power fed to grid from DG is controlled and power factor is maintained at unity. The proposed system of DG integration to grid through cascaded DC-DC converters and AMLI structure is validated from fixed active power to grid from DG condition. The proposed system is developed and results are obtained using MATLAB/SIMULINK software

Finite Element Analysis of Radiation and Mass Transfer Flow Past Semi- Infinite Moving Vertical Plate with Viscous Dissipation

The objectives of the present study are to investigate the radiation effects on unsteady heat and mass transfer flow of a chemically reacting fluid past a semi-infinite vertical plate with viscous dissipation. The method of solution is applied using Finite element technique. Numerical results for the velocity, the temperature and the concentration are shown graphically for various flow parameters. The expressions for the skin-frication, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are obtained. The result shows that increased cooling (Gr>0) of the plate and the Eckert number leads to a rise in the velocity. Also, an increase in the Eckert number leads to an increase in the temperature, whereas increase in radiation lead to a decrease in the temperature distribution when the plate is being cooled

A Comprehensive Survey of Convolutional Neural Networks for Skin Cancer Classification and Prediction

Skin cancer, a prevalent and potentially fatal condition, requires early detection and precise classification to ensure effective treatment. In recent years, there has been a significant rise in the popularity of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) prominence as a robust solution for image processing and analysis, significantly surpassing conventional techniques in skin cancer prediction and classification. This survey paper offers a thorough examination of CNNs and their diverse applications in diagnosing skin cancer, emphasizing their benefits, existing obstacles, and potential avenues for future research

Can Agronomy provide potential eco- friendly pest management options groundnut: a case study

Agronomic practices in agriculture have wellestablished history about their role in insect-pest management. There have been several case studies documenting their positive role as pest reducers, During this process the importance of improved technology including, chemical fertilizers, hybrids, plant protection chemicals has been well established. The results from this phase were excellent and several countries have achieved self-sufficiency in food grains incl4ding India. Though this approach brought stability in food production across the world, several disadvantages such as residues in food chain, secondary pest out breaks, loss in bio- diversity followed by increased cost of inputs with eroded profits (Rao and Rao, 2010) were encountered. Considering the present situation to put agriculture back in to a profitable platform, one has to look into potential alternatives to improve and stabilize the productivity and to sustain the agro"ecosystem..

Quality Assurance through Process Improvement - A Concise Review

The past two decades has seen the realization of the manufacturing firms towards quality consciousness. The various firms worldwide employed the statistical tools for minimizing the deviations and subsequently the number of rejects of the manufactured parts. In this process, more prominence is laid on prevention of defects rather than detecting and rejecting the defect in the usual traditional end inspection quality check. This review paper witnesses the procedures involved in the improvement of the manufacturing process capability and focuses on achieving quality assurance through sustained improvement in the manufacturing process. The different methodologies for sustained improvement in manufacturing process across varied industrial sectors, are identified, discussed and presented. The nuances of enhanced product quality levels through process capability improvement work performed in varied areas of industrial manufacturing are also captured

EVALUATION OF ANTIPYRETIC ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF WEDELIA TRILOBATA

The aim of present study was to investigate antipyretic activity of ethanolic extract of leaves of Wedelia trilobata in yeast induced pyrexia in wistar albino rats. In which pyrexia was induced by an intraperitonial injection of 20% brewer’s yeast (10 ml/kg b.wt.). The body temperature of rats were measured before the injection of yeast and injected ethanolic extract of leaves of Wedelia trilobata (100 mg/kg b.wt.) and (200 mg/kg b.wt.) and followed by treatment with paracetamol (150 mg/kg b.wt.). The body temperature of experimental animals were recorded in the time interval of 0 hr, 1 hr, 2 hr and 3 hr with help of digital clinical thermometer which is placed in rectum in the depth of 2 cm and recorded body temperature values shown that the leaves extract of of Wedelia trilobata possess antipyretic activity

Status of brackishwater prawn farming in Andhra Pradesh

Andhra Pradesh is estimated to have 762.51 ha of brackishwater area under prawn culture- Prawn culture In brackishwater ponds as well as in paddy fields converted into prawn ponds is picking up fast In the coastal districts of Andhra Pradesh, especially in East Godavari, Krishna and Guntur districts. There are more than 200 ha of brackishwater areas suitable for prawn culture in West Godavari district alone. IVIore and more are being brought under prawn farming in this district. Seml-lntensive culture technology is employed by the fish farmers. The average yield Is estimated at 450 kg/ha/crop. This paper presents and discusses the status of prawn culture in Andhra Pradesh, identifies the constraints and suggests strategies for bringing the abundantly available brackishwater areas under scientific prawn culture to Increase the yield from these ponds

An algorithmic approach to handle circular trading in commercial taxing system

Tax manipulation comes in a variety of forms with different motivations and of varying complexities. In this paper, we deal with a specific technique used by tax-evaders known as circular trading. In particular, we define algorithms for the detection and analysis of circular trade. To achieve this, we have modelled the whole system as a directed graph with the actors being vertices and the transactions among them as directed edges. We illustrate the results obtained after running the proposed algorithm on the commercial tax dataset of the government of Telangana, India, which contains the transaction details of a set of participants involved in a known circular trade