Estudio estratigráfico de costras y depósitos en templos del casco histórico de Sevilla

En este trabajo se presenta el estudio estratigráfico por microscopía electrónica con sonda de energías dispersivas (SEMEDX) de costras y depósitos superficiales formados en las fachadas de veinticinco templos, del siglo XIII al XIX, del centro histórico y del barrio de Triana en Sevilla. Entre los indicadores de alteración de las fachadas de estos templos se han detectado depósitos superficiales y costras negras sobre la piedra, mortero y ladrillo, que están formados principalmente por yeso (CaSO4.2H2O). Los estudios de azufre por microscopía electrónica (SEM-EDX) se han realizado a lo largo de una línea perpendicular a la superficie. Este análisis combinado con la descripción por microscopio óptico permite calificar las alteraciones superficiales en cuatro grupos: a) costras compuestas por azufre y calcio, las más abundantes; b) muestras con superposición de capas de alteración y reposición; c) costras de origen orgánico (biocostras), que en su composición no contienen azufre; y d) depósitos superficiales en los que no se ha generado ningún tipo de reacción química y están formados fundamentalmente por polvo, terrígenos y otras partículas atmosféricas. Como consecuencia de este estudio, se puede afirmar que las portadas de las iglesias analizadas están sufriendo un deterioro acelerado por la acción de las emisiones generadas por el tráfico rodado. En los centros históricos es, por tanto, aconsejable la realización de estudios y modelos microclimáticos, para establecer perímetros de vulnerabilidad, discriminar factores de riesgo y definir medidas de prevención del estado de conservación de la fábrica exterior del patrimonio arquitectónico.Proyecto de Excelencia de la Junta de Andalucía RIVUPH (HUM-6775)

El análisis de riesgos del patrimonio histórico como herramienta de gestión

España, Junta de Andalucía RIVUPH (HUM 6775

Estado de conservación de la fachada de la Iglesia de Santa Cruz (Sevilla)

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo el análisis del estado de alteración de la Fachada principal de la Iglesia de Santa Cruz de Sevilla con el fin de conocer la influencia del entorno ambiental en el proceso de degradación de sus materiales y evaluar la eficacia de los tratamientos de conservación, para disponer de los criterios nesarios que permitan adoptar medidas de protección capaces de paliar, en lo posible, el deterioro de los materiales

Análisis del estado de conservación de la Iglesia de Omnium Sanctorum (Sevilla)

En este trabajo se presenta el análisis de los indicadores de alteración de las tres fachadas de La Iglesia de Omnium Sanctorum, situada en el centro histórico de la Ciudad de Sevilla y su relación con los principales agentes contaminantes y condiciones ambientales. Para ello se ha realizado el estudio sistemático de los materiales y de sus patologías in situ, y el análisis de la calidad de los materiales a través de ensayos de alteración acelerada de la roca empleada en la Iglesia

Report on LIF measurements in Seville. Part 2: Santa Ana church

A scientific cooperation between ENEA UTAPRAD (Frascati) and the Natural Sciences Department of the “Pablo de Olavide” University in Seville, has started aimed at developing and testing innovative diagnostic instrumentation for Cultural Heritage preservation. Here we report the results obtained in a joint campaign carried on in Seville during February 2010 in the Santa Ana church in Seville (SP). Several wood paintings have been thoroughly investigated by means of Laser Induced Fluorescence scan system along the lines of the Research Pro ject “Non Destructive Techniques” managed by IAPH (Consejería de Cultura de la Junta de Andalucía).The field activities, developed as part of a conservation project carried out by IPAH, were devoted to the determination of retouches, traces of former restorations and detection of chemicals (wax, consolidants, etc.) on the surface under analysis not otherwise documented

Report on LIF measurements in Seville. Part 1: Virgen del Buen Aire chapel

Within the frame of a scientific cooperation between ENEA UTAPRAD (Frascati) and UPO Natural Sciences Dep. (Seville), aimed at developing and testing innovative diagnostic instrumentation for Cultural Heritage preservation, this report deals with results obtained in a joint campaign carried on in Seville during February 2010. Namely the data acquired by the ENEA LIF scanning system operated on fresco’s in Virgen del Buen Aire Chapel are presented here. The Virgen del Buen Aire Chapel has been studied according to the Research Project of “Non Destructive Techniques” managed by IAPH (Consejería de Cultura de la Junta de Andalucía). The results have been also implemented as part of a conservation project carried out by IAPH. LIF images are discussed in term of evaluating former restoration actions, in particular retouches on pigments and consolidant additions on a painted wall and two vaults. Statistical approaches and projection operators have been utilized for elaborating the images in order to handle the large number of spectra collected in each scanned point by our hyper-spectral system

Echocardiographic Changes with Positive Airway Pressure Therapy in Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome. Long-Term Pickwick Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Spanish Sleep Network.[Rationale] Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) has been associated with cardiac dysfunction. However, randomized trials assessing the impact of long-term noninvasive ventilation (NIV) or continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on cardiac structure and function assessed by echocardiography are lacking. Rationale: Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) has been associated with cardiac dysfunction. However, randomized trials assessing the impact of long-term noninvasive ventilation (NIV) or continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on cardiac structure and function assessed by echocardiography are lacking.[Objectives] In a prespecified secondary analysis of the largest multicenter randomized controlled trial of OHS (Pickwick Project; N = 221 patients with OHS and coexistent severe obstructive sleep apnea), we compared the effectiveness of three years of NIV and CPAP on structural and functional echocardiographic changes.[Methods] At baseline and annually during three sequential years, patients underwent transthoracic two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography. Echocardiographers at each site were blinded to the treatment allocation. Statistical analysis was performed using a linear mixed-effects model with a treatment group and repeated measures interaction to determine the differential effect between CPAP and NIV. Measurements and Main Results: A total of 196 patients were analyzed: 102 were treated with CPAP and 94 were treated with NIV. Systolic pulmonary artery pressure decreased from 40.5 ± 1.47 mm Hg at baseline to 35.3 ± 1.33 mm Hg at three years with CPAP, and from 41.5 ± 1.56 mm Hg to 35.5 ± 1.42 with NIV (P < 0.0001 for longitudinal intragroup changes for both treatment arms). However, there were no significant differences between groups. NIV and CPAP therapies similarly improved left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and reduced left atrial diameter. Both NIV and CPAP improved respiratory function and dyspnea.[Conclusions] In patients with OHS who have concomitant severe obstructive sleep apnea, long-term treatment with NIV and CPAP led to similar degrees of improvement in pulmonary hypertension and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction