Historical basins sediments

Modifications of small water reservoirs in the past focused primarily on addressing issues of capacity and stability of the reservoir capture. By the impact of changes in the use of reservoir surroundings, by acceleration of the erosion processes on the adjecent land and non-periodical maintenance of the capture leads to morphological changes in the reservoir, which causes changes in the in the reduced flowage of the basin and thus in changes of the flood protection degree of adjacent land. This reduces the accumulation part of the basin and subsequently its economic use in fish rearing Bottom sediments of dams are products of erosion of agricultural and forest soils, the main flow of the river basin and tributaries connected to the dam or a system of dams. They have the basic properties of surface layers of soil erosion

Histogram based segmentation of shadowed leaf images

This paper corresponds to the solution of some problems realized during ragweed identification experiments, namely the samples collected on the field by botanical experts did not match the initial conditions expected. Reflections and shadows appeared on the image, which made the segmentation more difficult, therefore also the classification was not efficient in previous study. In this work, unlike those solutions, which try to remove the shadow by restoring the illumination of image parts, the focus is on separating leaf and background points based on chromatic information, basically by examining the histograms of the full image and the border. This proposed solution filters these noises in the subspaces of hue, saturation and value space and their combination. It also describes a qualitative technique to select the appropriate values from the filtered outputs. With this method, the results of segmentation improved a lot

Ectopic pancreas tissue appearing in a mediastinal cyst

Heterotopia of pancreatic tissue is a common developmental anomaly. Although ectopic pancreatic tissue is mostly found in the gastrointestinal tract, localization in the mediastinum is extremely rare. We report a 32-year-old male patient who had an urgent thoracotomy two years ago due to a thoracic surgery. During the thoracotomy fragments of a partly necrotic cystic mass in the right thorax were removed and decortication was performed. Two years later the patient was hospitalized again because of haemoptoe and atypical chest pain. A residual cystic mass was detected between the right hilum and the ascending aorta connecting to the pericardium, the superior vena cava and the aorta on the chest CT. After the operation a mediastinal cyst was diagnosed, with a pancreatic tissue by histology

A vena cava inferiorból kiinduló primer leiomyosarcoma esete = A case of primary leiomyosarcoma originating from the inferior vena cava

Absztrakt: A hasi és retroperitonealis (például vese, máj) daganatokkal összefüggő vénás invázió viszonylag gyakori. Az elsődleges vascularis (vénás) daganatok azonban ritkák, szokatlanok. A szerzők egy 67 éves nőbeteg esetét ismertetik, akit rossz általános állapotban, icterusosan utaltak kórházba. Laboratóriumi leletei máj- és veseelégtelenséget mutattak. A hasi ultrahangvizsgálat egy nagy retroperitonealis terimét mutatott, lehetséges uterinalis eredettel. A hasi CT-vizsgálat is retroperitonealis folyamatot ábrázolt, amely magában foglalta a vena (v.) cava inferiort hasüregi vagy kismedencei tumor egyértelmű jele nélkül. A beteg rossz átalános állapotára tekintettel műtétet nem végeztek, a beteg néhány napos ápolás során meghalt. A boncolás a v. cava inferior primer leiomyosarcomáját igazolta. Szakirodalmi adatok alapján a v. cava inferior primer leiomyosarcomája kifejezetten ritka. A v. cava inferior leiomyosarcoma különböző tüneteket képes okozni, attól függően, hogy a véna melyik részét érinti a kórfolyamat. Sebészi beavatkozás a betegség korai stádiumában végezhető el, rossz prognózisú. A v. cava inferiort magában foglaló, bizonytalan retroperitonealis daganatok esetén a radiológusnak gondolnia kell a vascularis eredetű daganat lehetőségére is. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(19): 756–761. | Abstract: The venous invasion from intraabdominal and retroperitoeal tumors (e.g., liver and kidney) is relatively frequent. Primary vascular (venous) tumors are uncommon. The authors review the case of a 67-year-old woman, who was admitted to the hospital in a poor general condition with jaundice. Laboratory findings indicated hepatic and renal insufficiency. Abdominal ultrasound detected a large retroperitoneal mass which was suspected to be of uterine origin. Abdominal CT showed a retroperitoneal mass that invaded the inferior vena cava, but there was no sign of primary intraabdominal or pelvic tumor. Due to the poor general condition of the patient, surgery was not performed. The patient died in some days after admission. Autopsy revealed a primary leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava. Based on the literature data, primary leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava is extremely rare. Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava can cause various symptoms, depending on the involved segment of the vein. Surgical intervention can be performed in early stages of the disease. In uncertain retroperitoneal tumors involving the inferior vena cava, radiologists should think of the possibility of tumor with vascular origin. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(19): 756–761

A new fluorescent dye accumulation assay for parallel measurements of the ABCG2, ABCB1 and ABCC1 multidrug transporter functions

ABC multidrug transporters are key players in cancer multidrug resistance and in general xenobiotic elimination, thus their functional assays provide important tools for research and diagnostic applications. In this study we have examined the potential interactions of three key human ABC multidrug transporters with PhenGreen diacetate (PGD), a cell permeable fluorescent metal ion indicator. The non-fluorescent, hydrophobic PGD rapidly enters the cells and, after cleavage by cellular esterases, in the absence of quenching metal ions, PhenGreen (PG) becomes highly fluorescent. We found that in cells expressing functional ABCG2, ABCB1, or ABCC1 transporters, cellular PG fluorescence is strongly reduced. This fluorescence signal in the presence of specific transporter inhibitors is increased to the fluorescence levels in the control cells. Thus the PG accumulation assay is a new, unique tool for the parallel determination of the function of the ABCG2, ABCB1, and ABCC1 multidrug transporters. Since PG has very low cellular toxicity, the PG accumulation assay also allows the selection, separation and culturing of selected cell populations expressing either of these transporters

The importance of drug transporters in human pluripotent stem cells and in early tissue differentiation

Introduction: Drug transporters are large transmembrane proteins which catalyse the movement of a wide variety of chemicals, including drugs as well as xeno- and endobiotics through cellular membranes. The major groups of these proteins include the ATP-binding cassette transporters which in eukaryotes work as ATP-fuelled drug exporters and the Solute Carrier transporters, with various transport directions and mechanisms.Areas covered: In this review, we discuss the key ATP-binding cassette and Solute Carrier drug transporters which have been reported to contribute to the function and/or protection of undifferentiated human stem cells and during tissue differentiation. We review the various techniques for studying transporter expression and function in stem cells, and the role of drug transporters in foetal and placental tissues is also discussed. We especially focus on the regulation of transporter expression by factors modulating cell differentiation properties and on the function of the transporters in adjustment to environmental challenges.Expert opinion: The relatively new and as yet unexplored territory of transporters in stem cell biology may rapidly expand and bring important new information regarding the metabolic and epigenetic regulation of stemness and the early differentiation properties. Drug transporters are clearly important protective and regulatory components in stem cells and differentiation. © 2015 Taylor & Francis