Examination of the teachers’ academic optimism approaches within the framework of teachers’ perceptions of learning school : Teachers’ academic optimism

The aim of this study is to determine teachers' academic optimism approaches and learning school perception levels and to examine the relationship between these variables. The sample of the research designed in the relational model consists of 389 teachers selected by cluster sampling method, working in public secondary and high schools in Kocaeli province Izmit district in the 2019-2020 academic year. “School Academic Optimism Scale” and “Learning School Scale” were used in the study. By checking the compliance of the data with normal distribution, t test and one-way ANOVA tests were applied, Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated for the correlation between the variables, simple linear regression analysis and then multiple linear regression analyzes were performed to examine the influence of the predictor variables on the predicted variable. It was seen that academic emphasis and trust are at the forefront of teachers' approaches to academic optimism, while personal dominance and team learning dimensions were at the forefront in their perception of learning school. A positive relationship was found between teachers' approaches to academic optimism and learning school perceptions. It was determined that the sub-factors of the learning school were significant predictors of academic optimism. Teachers' mental models were the sub-factors that affected academic optimism the most

Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension: A Case Report

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension is a rare syndrome of low ccrebrospinal fluid pressure due to spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leaks. The main feature is orthostatic headache. We describe a case of spontaneous intracranial hypotension in a 5-year-old girl with a 1-month history of headache, sudden onset hearing loss, and ataxia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an enlargement of cervical venous plexus and lumbar puncture revealed a low opening pressure. Magnetic resonance myelography showed leakage of the contrast material at the level of the third and fourth lumbar vertebra. Bed rest and caffeine treatment yielded no resolution of symptoms. Following a lumbar epidural blood patch, her headache and ataxia resolved completely without any improvement in hearing. A second blood patch also yielded no effect on hearing. Spontaneous intracranial hypotension should be considered in the differential diagnosis of headache, also in the pediatric age group

Antimicrobial Effect of Piceatannol, a Resveratrol Metabolite, on Staphylococcus Aureus

Objectives: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is one of the major human pathogens in both community acquired and nosocomial infections. Heavy increase of antibiotic resistance between S. aureus strains became an important public health problem in progress of time. In this study, the antimicrobial effects of piceatannol on S. aureus growth was investigated

Effect of Repeated Movements on Motion Perception and Motor Learning of Dominant and Non-dominant Upper Extremity of Healthy Individuals

Objective: Hand dominancy can be observed as right, left, or the usage of bilateral hands. Majority of the Turkish population arc right-hand dominant. This study aimed to examine and interpret the motion perception and motor learning of the dominant and non-dominant upper extremity. Methods: A total of 146 right-hand dominant university students participated in this study. The mean age of participants was 23.0 +/- 1.99, wherein 80 were female (54.79%) and 66 were male (45.21%). Hand preference was evaluated by the Edinburgh Hand Preference Questionnaire. Participants were positioned at the table edge with the hip, knee, and elbows at 90 degrees flexion. Measurements were made on a special platform. Participants view asked to place the glass at the center point, with a 25 cm distance from the rangefinder, and their eyes closed. Measurements were repeated 3 times on both dominant and non-dominant sides. The distance and deviation rate from the center point were recorded in cm with the laser rangefinder. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 21.0 program was used in the analysis. Results: According to the Edinburg Hand Preference Questionnaire, 42 of participants (28.76%) were strong right dominant, 95 (65.06%) were weak right dominant, and 9 (6.18%) were weak left dominant. The mean of distance from the central point for three measurements during the activity of glass placing were 2.56 +/- 1.91 cm on the dominant side and 2.57 +/- 1.86 cm on the non-dominant side. No significant difference was observed in terms of distance from the center point in dominant and non-dominant hand (p>0.05). However, when results of the deviation from the center of three measurements were examined in the dominant side, according to the deviation distance, the first measurement was found closer to the center point than the second and third measurement results (p<0.05). Conclusion: It is thought that the first measurement results are closer to the center with the effect of visual memory at the dominant and non-dominant sides, but in the second and third repetitions, it is thought that the deviation from the center is due to the short term memory, kinesthesia, and motor learning ability which could not he coded correctly

Cetuximab alone has a dose-dependent antitumor effect in oral cavity cancer cells: an in vitro study

Objective: To evaluate the antitumor effect of cetuximab as a single agent for the treatment of oral cavity cancers and to clarify the dose-dependent growth inhibitory effect in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma cell line (OCSCCCL)

Cetuximab alone has a dose-dependent antitumor effect in oral cavity cancer cells: an in vitro study

Objective: To evaluate the antitumor effect of cetuximab as a single agent for the treatment of oral cavity cancers and to clarify the dose-dependent growth inhibitory effect in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma cell line (OCSCCCL)

Serum hypoxia-inducible factor-2: A candidate prognostic biomarker for laryngeal cancer

Objectives To determine the serum hypoxia-inducible factor-1, -2 and -3 (HIF-1, -2 and -3) levels in patients with laryngeal neoplasm, and to investigate their role in differential diagnosis, prediction of tumour characteristic and extension, and prognosis and survival. Study Design Prospective, cohort study at a tertiary referral centre. Settings The study was conducted in a tertiary medical centre. Participants Patients with benign, premalignant and malignant laryngeal neoplasms were included. Sixty-four patients with a laryngeal neoplasm were enrolled. Main Outcome Measures Serum HIF-1, -2 and -3 levels were measured from blood samples that were drawn before treatment, using ELISA. Results A statistically significant difference between benign (HIF-1, -2, -3:4046,1 pg/mL; 2581,5 pg/mL; 1321,0 pg/mL), premalignant (HIF-1, -2, -3:3630,3 pg/mL; 3229,7 pg/mL; 2549,8 pg/mL) and malignant (HIF-1, -2, -3:3576,7 pg/mL; 2595,8 pg/mL; 1106,3 pg/mL) laryngeal neoplasms was not detected when serum HIF-1, -2 and -3 levels were compared. However, high serum HIF-2 level adversely affected survival and locoregional control and had more than 7-fold increase in hazard ratio. Moreover, serum HIF-2 was an independent prognostic factor for 2-year overall, disease-free, distant metastasis-free survival and locoregional control. Conclusion This is the first clinical study in which the diagnostic, predictive and prognostic roles of hypoxia-related biomolecules were examined in laryngeal neoplasms. Hypoxia-inducible factor-2 is a prognostic factor in larynx cancer irrespective of treatment modality

Semi-Purified Saponins of Holothuria poli Associated Antiproliferation in Tumor Cell Lines

The incidence of cancer has exhibited an increasing trend in recent years because of many reasons such as environmental and nutritional factors. There is a great need for the development of new and natural molecules with lower side effects in the therapy of cancer. It was aimed to evaluate the antiproliferative effect of semi-purified triterpene glycosides of Holothuria poli on different human cancer cell lines. The body walls of H. poli as the main sources of saponins were used and the saponin content of the extract was characterized by MALDI-TOF/MS. The antiproliferation activity of the characterized extract was tested on cancer cell lines. The extract showed antiproliferative effect on the studied cancer cell lines. The mass analysis results reveal that Holothurin A is one of the saponins within the extract. The measured IC50 values were found as 31.41 +/- 2.20, 77.45 +/- 0.23, and 34.79 +/- 0.90 mu g mL(-1) for HT-29, UPCI-SCC-131, and T84 cell lines, respectively. H. poli secretes not only specific saponins but also a cocktail of them. Specific versus. cocktails of the saponins and by also applying organic modification must be studied in further research to understand their mechanisms in the antiproliferation studies since this paper reveals promising results

The Histologic Evaluation of Atorvastatin and Melatonin Treatment on Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis of Diabetic Rat Pancreas

In the diabetic state, there is an enhanced oxidative stress due to excessive production of reactive oxygen compounds and decreased bioavailability of nitric oxide. Antioxidant treatment has been used to prevent oxidative damage in diabetes. The objective of the present study was to explore the effects of atorvastatin (AT) and melatonin (MLT) on oxidative stress in diabetic rat pancreas. We also assessed nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity and apoptosis. Diabetes was induced by an alkylating agent steptozotocin (STZ, 55 mg/kg, IP). Six weeks later rats were divided into five groups: STZ-induced diabetic group received atorvastatin (STZ+AT), STZ-induced diabetic group received melatonin (STZ+MLT) and STZ-induced diabetic group received atorvastatin and melatonin (STZ+AT+MLT). The vehicle-treated non-diabetic (CT) and diabetic group (STZ-CT) served as normoglycemic and diabetic controls. AT was given 8 mg/kg orally and MLT was given 10 mg/kg/IP once a day for 2 weeks beginning from the sixth week. Pancreatic tissue was examined by immunohistochemical methods. Although no significant difference was observed with respect to antioxidant status, NOS activity was tended to be higher in the untreated diabetic rats than in the treated rats. We observed that AT and MLT treatment improved the histopathological changes including apoptosis and oxidative stress in diabetic pancreas