Elastic fiber assembly is disrupted by excessive accumulation of chondroitin sulfate in the human dermal fibrotic disease, keloid

Keloid is a fibrotic disease characterized by abnormal accumulation of extracellular matrix in the dermis. The keloid matrix contains excess collagen and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), but lacks elastic fiber. However, the roles of these matrix components in the pathogenesis of keloid are largely unknown. Here, we show that elastin and DANCE (also known as fibulin-5), a protein required for elastic fiber formation, are not deposited in the extracellular matrix of keloids, due to excess accumulation of chondoitin sulfate (CS), although the expression of elastin and DANCE is not affected. Amount of CS accumulated in the keloid legion was 6.9-fold higher than in normal skin. Fibrillin-1, a scaffold protein for elastic fiber assembly, was abnormally distributed in the keloid matrix. Addition of purified CS to keloid fibroblast culture resulted in abnormal deposition of fibrillin-1, concomitant with significantly decreased accumulation of elastin and DANCE in the extracellular matrix. We propose that CS plays a crucial role in the development of keloid lesions through inhibition of elastic fiber assembly

Initiation of skin basement membrane formation at the epidermo-dermal interface involves assembly of laminins through binding to cell membrane receptors

To study the mechanism of basement membrane formation, we determined by immunochemistry temporal and spatial expression of laminin-5 (Ln-5), laminin-1 (Ln-1) and their integrin receptors during early skin morphogenesis. A 3-dimensional skin culture was used that allows the study of the sequential molecular events of basement membrane formation at the epidermodermal interface. During early anchorage of keratinocytes to the extracellular matrix there is expression of Ln-5, BP-230 antigen and &#945;3, &#946;1 integrin subunits. During epidermal stratification and prior to the formation of the lamina densa there is assembly of Ln-5, Ln-1, collagen IV and nidogen accompanied by keratinocyte basal clustering of &#945;2, &#945;3, &#945;6, &#946;1, and &#946;4 integrin subunits. The assembly pattern of Ln-1 and Ln-5 can be disturbed with functional antibodies against the &#946;1 (AIIB2) and &#945;6 (GoH3) integrin subunits. Ln-1 assembly can also be disturbed with antibodies against its E8 domain and by competitive inhibition with a synthetic peptide (AG-73) derived from its G-4 domain. Quantitative RT-PCR showed that the dermis contributes about 80% of the laminin &#947;1 chain mRNA while 20% is produced by the epidermis which emphasizes its dual tissue origin and the major contribution of the mesenchyma in laminin production. The laminin &#947;2 chain mRNA, present in Ln-5, was mostly of epidermal origin. This study presents evidence that during the initiation of basement membrane formation, laminins bind to keratinocyte plasma membrane receptors and thus may serve as nucleation sites for further polymerization of these compounds by a self-assembly process.</p

Inteligencia emocional y la creatividad en niños de 4 años de una institución inicial Los Olivos, 2019

La presente investigación denominado, Inteligencia Emocional y la Creatividad en niños de 4 años de una institución inicial Los Olivos, 2019, se planteó como objetivo determinar la relación entre Inteligencia Emocional y la Creatividad en niños de 4 años de una institución inicial Los Olivos, 2019, fue un estudio de enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo básica, con nivel descriptivo correlacional y un diseño no experimental, la muestra fue de 100 niños, la técnica de recojo de datos fue la observación y como instrumento fue la lista de cotejos los cuales fueron validados mediante juicio de expertos , y probado la confiabilidad mediante el coeficiente del alfa de KR 20 = 809 para la variable inteligencia emocional y 0.935 para la variable creatividad en niños. Se concluyó que Existe relación entre la inteligencia emocional y la creatividad en niños de 4 años de una institución inicial Los Olivos, 2019 (r= 915**)

Estado situacional de la crianza de truchas arcoíris (Oncorhynchus mykiss) en centros de cultivo de la provincia de Abancay, Apurímac

El objetivo del estudio fue realizar un diagnóstico situacional y estimación de necesidades de los centros de producción de truchas arcoíris (Oncorhynchus mykiss) en la provincia de Abancay, Apurímac. La recolección de información se realizó mediante un cuestionario (encuesta), validado a través de juicio de expertos, basado en una prueba piloto, el análisis de la información fue a través de la estadística descriptiva y el análisis de correspondencia múltiple.La encuesta se ejecutó en los meses de setiembre a octubre del 2021, utilizando todas las medidas preventivas en el marco del estado de emergencia por COVID-19, y previo consentimiento informado. Se encontró 47 piscicultores en producción continua, de los cuales 66% son adultos, el 85% de la actividad es desarrollada por varones y el 45% tienen educación secundaria. El 68.1% de los piscicultores no acceden a capacitaciones, 55.3% no reciben asistencia técnica. El 51.1% desarrolla esta actividad mayor a dos años, el cultivo de truchas es una actividad complementaria propias de la agricultura familiar representado por el 83% y con una producción a nivel AREL del 80.9%. Sobre la fuente de recurso hídrico, el 76.6% utiliza ríos y el 76.6% de los estanques están construidos de cemento y hormigón. El 14.9% de los productores utilizan ovas importadas y un 63.1% compra alevines producidos dentro del ámbito.Realizan dos ciclos productivos por año el 72.3% de los productores y de estos el 70.2% de los ciclos tiene una duración de 6 a 7 meses. Asimismo, solo un 27.7% realiza un manejo adecuado de las densidades de siembra y el 74.5% utiliza alimento balanceado. Referente a la comercialización, 48.9% comercializa en mercados cercanos al ámbito de producción, 68.1% vende en presentación de trucha entera, 70.2% a precios de 3.9 a 4.2 dólares (USD). Las categorías productivas de AREL y AMYPE, tienen necesidades de financiamiento y de construcción de estanques. En conclusión, el 80.9% de los productores pertenecen a la categoría productiva de AREL, asimismo ambas categorías productivas tienen necesidades de financiamiento económico y construcción de instalaciones.Tesi

Generation of Micronuclei during Interphase by Coupling between Cytoplasmic Membrane Blebbing and Nuclear Budding

Micronucleation, mediated by interphase nuclear budding, has been repeatedly suggested, but the process is still enigmatic. In the present study, we confirmed the previous observation that there are lamin B1-negative micronuclei in addition to the positive ones. A large cytoplasmic bleb was found to frequently entrap lamin B1-negative micronuclei, which were connected to the nucleus by a thin chromatin stalk. At the bottom of the stalk, the nuclear lamin B1 structure appeared broken. Chromatin extrusion through lamina breaks has been referred to as herniation or a blister of the nucleus, and has been observed after the expression of viral proteins. A cell line in which extrachromosomal double minutes and lamin B1 protein were simultaneously visualized in different colors in live cells was established. By using these cells, time-lapse microscopy revealed that cytoplasmic membrane blebbing occurred simultaneously with the extrusion of nuclear content, which generated lamin B1-negative micronuclei during interphase. Furthermore, activation of cytoplasmic membrane blebbing by the addition of fresh serum or camptothecin induced nuclear budding within 1 to 10 minutes, which suggested that blebbing might be the cause of the budding. After the induction of blebbing, the frequency of lamin-negative micronuclei increased. The budding was most frequent during S phase and more efficiently entrapped small extrachromosomal chromatin than the large chromosome arm. Based on these results, we suggest a novel mechanism in which cytoplasmic membrane dynamics pulls the chromatin out of the nucleus through the lamina break. Evidence for such a mechanism was obtained in certain cancer cell lines including human COLO 320 and HeLa. The mechanism could significantly perturb the genome and influence cancer cell phenotypes

STUDENTS' STRATEGY IN LEARNING VOCABULARY

This research discussed in order to find out about the students’ strategies in deriving vocabulary. The study was conducted to find out what strategies used or applied by the students’ n learning vocabulary at SMK Immanuel Medan, to teach about vocabulary especially about tenses, and to know how important the dictionary for students when they learning vocabulary. The research was conducted at SMK Immanuel Medan. Descriptive qualitative research design was used in this research. The subject of this research were the students of SMK Immanuel Medan. The researchers took 24 students as the subject of research. In collecting the data for this research, the writer used open questionnaire as instrument for the research. The result of the research data showed that large number of language learners applied some strategies in learning vocabulary. Those strategies used were cognitive strategie, memories strategie, and metacognitive strategie

evaluasi aspek lingkungan melalui penilaian tingkat kenyamanan di hutan Kota Bendosari, Kota Salatiga

Ruang terbuka hijau atau RTH adalah salah satu pengunaan lahan untuk penghijauan dan penyeimbang lingkungan. Peran RTH adalah sebagai penyeimbang iklim mikro yang berpengaruh terhadap tingkat kenyamanan lingkungan bagi manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengatahui tingkat kenyaman Hutan Kota Bendosari dan hubungannya terhadap vegetasi yang ada didukung dengan persepsi masyarakat terhadap kenyamanan di hutan tersebut. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan Hutan Kota Bendosari masuk dalam kategori nyaman. Nilai THI yang di dapat adalah 23,22 pada zona 1, zona 2 22,77, zona 3 22,51, dan 22,46 pada zona 4. Selain itu, terjadi perbedaan THI berdasarkan vegetasi yang ada di setiap zona pengamatan. Pada peta persebaran pohon dan THI menunjukan zona 4 dengan vegetasi yang rapat memiliki nilai THI yang rendah sedangkan pada zona 1 yang memiliki vegetasi dengan jarak yang tidak terlalu rapat memiliki THI yang tinggi walaupun masih dalam kategori nyaman. Hal ini menunjkan vegetasi berpengaruh terhadap tingkat kenyaman yang ada di Hutan Kota Salatiga karenasemakin banyak pohon maka pengendali iklim mikro akan berjalan dengan baik dengan manfaat pohon yang berfungsi untuk keteduhan, menurunkan suhu dan mengurangi banyaknya radiasi matahari