A new ZTL-type F-box functions as a positive regulator in disease resistance: VIGS analysis in barley against powdery mildew

In our previous studies, we found a new Zeitlupe (ZTL) type F-box protein which is expressed at a higher level upon avirulent pathogen infection (Bozkurt et al., 2007). F-box proteins mark the proteins to be degraded through 26S proteasome system by ubiquitination. Since the information on the role of ubiquitin mediated proteolysis in disease responses is advancing rapidly, we sought to understand the way which F-box functions in resistance response as part of ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Interestingly, in response to silencing of this F-box gene via BSMV mediated virus induced gene silencing (VIGS) method, barley plants lost resistance towards avirulent pathogen race. The Pallas-01 line having Mla1 R-gene showed hyphae formations when inoculated with avirulent powdery mildew race, Bgh103, after 4-fold silencing. This observation suggests that F-box protein functions as a positive regulator in powdery mildew disease mechanism and broadens the function of ZTL-type F-box proteins, previously known to have roles only in circadian clocks, flowering time control, and phytochrome pathway

Comparison of transverse dental changes induced by the palatally applied Frog appliance and buccally applied Karad's integrated distalizing system.

To compare the transverse dental changes induced by the palatally applied Frog appliance and buccally applied Karad's integrated distalizing system (KIDS)

New bis 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives: syntheses, characterizations, computational studies, and antioxidant activities

WOS: 000450109800007In this study, two new bis oxadiazole derivatives (2a and 2b) were synthesized. The new compounds were characterized by elemental analyses, IR, H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR, and mass spectral studies and were tested for their antioxidant activity. According to the results, it was observed that the synthesized compounds (2a and 2b) had a very high activity in both 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) tests. The approximate geometries of the compounds 2a and 2b were prepared with GaussView5 visualization program. The optimized molecular geometric parameters. vibrational wavenumbers, UV-vis parameters, and HOMO-LUMO simulations were computed using Gaussian 09W program. The computations were performed at 6-3114-14(d,p) basis set using the B3LYP functional in density functional theory (DFT) method. The harmonic vibrational wavenumbers computed in gas phase were scaled with 0.958 (1700-4000 cm(-1)) and 0.983 (0-1700 cm(-1)) for the B3LYP/6-3114-1-G(d,p) level. To calculated the UV-vis spectroscopic parameters with TD-DFT method, the compounds 2a and 2b were optimized in DMF and DMSO solvents using the integral equation formalism polarizable continuum model (IEFPCM) method at the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level. The HOMO, LUMO, and UV-vis analyses were studied to interpret intramolecular charge transfers

Thoracic Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor: An Unusual Case and Literature Review

We describe herein a rare case of a primary primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) in the mediastinum of a 75-year-old man. Grossly, the tumor was located in the left upper anterior mediastinum. Transcutaneous fine-needle biopsy (TCNB) revealed small round-cell proliferation. The expression immunohistochemical analysis was confirmed the diagnosis of PNET. He was successfully treated with chemotherapy and is alive with no sign of recurrence for 17 months after the diagnosis

Comparison of transverse dental changes induced by the palatally applied Frog appliance and buccally applied Karad's integrated distalizing system

Objective: To compare the transverse dental changes induced by the palatally applied Frog appliance and buccally applied Karad's integrated distalizing system (KIDS). Methods: We evaluated the pre- and post distalization orthodontic models of 39 patients, including 19 treated using the Frog appliance, which is palatally positioned (Frog group), and 20 treated using KIDS, which is buccally positioned (KIDS group). Changes in intermolar and interpremolar distances and the amount of maxillary premolar and molar rotation were evaluated on model photocopies. Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for statistical evaluations. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Significant distopalatal rotation of premolars and distobuccal rotation of molars were observed in Frog group (p < 0.05), while significant distopalatal rotation of molars (p < 0.05), with no significant changes in premolars, was observed in KIDS group. The amount of second premolar and first molar rotation was significantly different between the two groups (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively). Furthermore, expansion in the region of the first molars and second premolars was significantly greater in KIDS group than in Frog group (p < 0.001 for both). Conclusions: Our results suggest that the type and amount of first molar rotation and expansion vary with the design of the distalization appliance used

A Severe Congenital Neutropenia Type 4 Case (G6PC3 Mutation) Presented With Large Platelets in the Peripheral Smear

WOS: 000375145200016PubMed ID: 26808373Severe congenital neutropenia type 4 is a disorder of the hematopoietic system associated with mutations in the glucose-6-phosphatase catabolic 3 (G6PC3) gene. This disorder is characterized by neutropenia, congenital heart defects, urogenital malformations, and prominent superficial veins. To our knowledge, although intermittent thrombocytopenia is observed in this mutation, the coexistence of large thrombocytes is rarely seen. Here we present a case of severe congenital neutropenia type 4 with G6PC3 mutation and large platelets in the peripheral smear

The Impact of Transfusion and Chelation on Oxidative Stress in Immigrant Syrian Children with beta-Thalassemia

Iron overload in beta-thalassemia major and intermedia patients leads to oxidative stress and causes to formation of lipid hydroperoxides. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) are a well established method for screening and monitoring of lipid peroxidation. We aimed to investigate serum TBARS and its relationship with biochemical and hematologic parameters of Turkish and immigrant Syrian beta-thalassemia children reflecting the effects of this socioeconomic condition on follow up of these patients. Lipid peroxidation products (TBARS) of Turkish (TR) (n = 62, from the cities of Gaziantep and Sivas, Turkey) and Syrian (SYR) (n = 34, from Gaziantep, Turkey) beta-thalassemia patients aged 2-17 years and 58 healthy subjects aged 2-16 years were studied. Liver and renal function tests, serum ferritin levels, white blood cell, absolute neutrophil and platelet counts, hemoglobin (Hb) levels of the patients were analyzed. Serum TBARS concentrations were found to be elevated in beta-thalassemia patients compared to healthy subjects (mean: 12.47 +/- 8.53 vs. 9.78 +/- 7.09, p = 0.045). In SYR patients mean pretransfusional Hb level (7.26.2.04 vs. 8.49 +/- 1.01, p = 0.002) was lower and ferritin levels (5983.56 +/- 5065.56 vs. 3234.60 +/- 2237.82, p = 0.001), liver enzymes (ALT: 77.82 +/- 76.48 vs. 42.13 +/- 51.50, p = 0.005) were higher when compared to TR group. Positive correlation between TBARS and ferritin levels (p = 0.029, r = 0.231) and liver enzymes (for ALT p < 0.001, r = 0.373) was observed. beta-thalassemia patients are under more oxidative stress than healthy subjects. Liver is one of the major organs which are mainly affected by oxidative stress. War and migration might have caused inappropriate transfusion conditions and insufficient chelation therapy in the SYR group