Türkiye’de bulunan yoğun bakımlarda sabun, kağıt havlu ve alkol bazlı el dezenfektanı yeterli mi?: Phokai çalışması sonuçları

Introduction: Hand hygiene is one of the most effective infection control measures to prevent the spread of healthcare-associated infections (HCAI). Water, soap, paper towel and hand disinfectant must be available and adequate in terms of effective hand hygiene. The adequacy of hand hygiene products or keeping water-soap and paper towel is still a problem for many developing countries like Turkey. In this multicenter study, we analyzed the adequacy in number and availability of hand hygiene products.Materials and Methods: This study was performed in all intensive care units (ICUs) of 41 hospitals (27 tertiary-care educational, 10 state and four private hospitals) from 22 cities located in seven geographical regions of Turkey. We analyzed water, soap, paper towel and alcohol-based hand disinfectant adequacy on four different days, two of which were in summer during the vacation time (August, 27th and 31st 2016) and two in autumn (October, 12th and 15th 2016).Results: The total number of ICUs and intensive care beds in 41 participating centers were 214 and 2357, respectively. Overall, there was no soap in 3-11% of sinks and no paper towel in 10-18% of sinks while there was no alcohol-based hand disinfectant in 1-4.7% of hand disinfectant units on the observation days. When we compared the number of sinks with soap and/or paper towel on weekdays vs. weekends, there was no significant difference in summer. However, on autumn weekdays, the number of sinks with soap and paper towel was significantly lower on weekend days (p<0.0001, p<0.0001) while the number of hand disinfectant units with alcohol-based disinfectant was significantly higher (p<0.0001).Conclusion: There should be adequate and accessible hand hygiene materials for effective hand hygiene. In this study, we found that soap and paper towels were inadequate on the observation days in 3-11% and 10-18% of units, respectively. Attention should be paid on soap and paper towel supply at weekends as well

Phytoestrogens for AntiAging

Phytoestrogens are naturally occuring non-steroidal plant-originated substances that exhibit oestrogen-like bioactivity in human body. In recent years, phytoestrogens have created much interest among the pharmaceutical industry, in an attempt to find effective alternatives to hormon replacement therapy (HRT) as man), women are reluctant. to take estrogenic drugs because of side effects. Therefore, the sales of phytopharmaceuticals containing soy (Glycine max), red clover (Trifolium pratense) and Black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) extracts has increased in many countries. Apart from their estrogenic properties, phytoestrogens particularly isoflavones have antioxidant effects due to their polyphenolic structure. Isoflavones can prevent oxidative DNA damage by their free radical scavenging activity. It is known that antioxidants are defensive against aging and degenerative diseases of aging such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Phytoestrogens have also been effective for preventing human skin carcinogenesis and skin ageing

Proteomic response of Escherichia coli to the alkaloid extract of Papaver polychaetum

The cellular response of Escherichia coli exposed to alkaloids extracted from a biennial endemic plant, Papaver polychaetum, was explored using proteome analysis. Following determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration of the berberine-containing plant extract as 1,250 mu g/mL, E. coli cells were grown in the presence of 750 mu g/mL extract. The response of the bacteria to the extract, with berberine found as the major alkaloid, was analyzed on two-dimensional gels. The differentially expressed proteins in the presence of 750 mu g/mL extract were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. These proteins included those that play vital roles for maintenance such as protein synthesis (elongation factor-Ts), transport (oligopeptide-binding protein A, uncharacterized amino-acid ABC transporter ATP binding protein YECC), energy metabolism (alpha-subunit of ATP synthase, pyridine nucleotide transhydrogenase STHA) and regulation. These results provide clues for understanding the mechanism of the alkaloid extract-induced stress and cytotoxicity on E. coli. The altered proteins can serve as potential targets for development of innovative therapeutic agents

Variation of alkaloid contents and antimicrobial activities of Papaver rhoeas L. growing in Turkey and northern Cyprus

Context:Papaver rhoeas L. (Papaveraceae) corn poppy, widely distributed in Turkey, is used to make a cough syrup for children, as a tea for disturbed sleep, for pain relief and as a sedative in folk medicine

Norditerpenoid Alkaloids from Delphinium flexuosum Bieb.

Z. Naturforsch. 67c, 541-544 (2012); received November 30, 2011/March 29, 2012 Delphiniflexine, a new norditerpenoid alkaloid, together with the three known norditerpenoid alkaloids methyllycaconitine, ajadine, and acoseptrigenine were isolated from the aerial parts of Delphinium flexuosum. The structure of delphiniflexine was established on the basis of H-1, C-13, DEPT, homonuclear H-1 COSY, NOESY, HSQC, and HMBC NMR studies

ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF FIVE ENDEMIC Hypericum SPECIES IN TURKEY

Plants of the genus Hypericum are widely used in folk medicine for the treatment of gastric ailments, burns, inflammation, microbial infections, skin wounds and psycological disorders. Five endemic Hypericum species in Turkey (H. kotschyanum Boiss., H. scabroides Robson & Paulter, H. salsugineum Robson & Hub.-Mor, H. thymopsis Boiss. and H. uniglandulosum Hausskn. ex Bornm.) were tested in vitro for antioxidant activity. Methanol-acetone extracts of the aerial parts of H. salsugineum and H. scabroides possessed significant activity which may be attributed to their strong reducing power, DPPH and superoxide radicals scavenging, metal chelating and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activities. The superoxide radical scavenging activity of H. scabrides (EC50: 1.14 +/- 0.046 mg/ml) and H. salsugineum (EC50: 1.09 +/- 0.096 mg/ml) were more remarkable than that of other three species. The antimicrobial study was carried out by microbroth dilution technique. The extracts showed good antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria but no antifungal activity. Chloroform extract of the aerial parts of FL scabroides showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus with a MIC value of 39.06 sg/ml

Isoquinoline alkaloids isolated from Glaucium corniculatum var. corniculatum and Glaucium grandiflorum subsp. refractum var. torquatum with bioactivity studies

AbstractContext The genus Glaucium Mill., one of the important Papaveraceae family plants, is rich in isoquinoline alkaloids and distributed worldwide.Objective Isolation and identification of bioactive alkaloids from Glaucium grandiflorum Boiss. & Huet. subsp. refractum (Nabelek) Mory var. torquatum (Cullen) Mory and G. corniculatum (L.) Rudolph var. corniculatum (Aslan 2012), and investigation of their antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities.Materials and methods The aerial parts of each plant were dried, powdered, and percolated with methanol, then each extract was fractionated between 50% aqueous acetic acid and petroleum. Their aqueous acidic layer was adjusted to pH 7–8 with NH4OH and extracted with chloroform, the extract was subjected to CC separation and isolation. Structures of the isolated alkaloids were elucidated by 1D and 2D-NMR and mass spectral analyses. The alkaloid extracts and their pure alkaloids were tested for anti-cholinesterase (AChE and BuChE) and antioxidant (ABTS, CUPRAC, β-carotene linoleic acid tests) activities in vitro.Results Methanol extracts of Glaucium grandiflorum subsp. refractum var. torquatum and G. corniculatum var. corniculatum afforded a novel compound glauciumoline and seven known isoquinoline alkaloids three of which have an aporphine-type and the other five have a protopine-type skeleton. Among them, trans-protopinium (7) and cis-protopinium (8) were isolated from a Glaucium species for the first time. Tertiary amine extracts (TAEs) of both plants showed very strong acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. The TAE of the plants also showed strong antioxidant activity while the isolated alkaloids showed no meaningful activity in the anticholinesterase and antioxidant tests.Discussion and conclusions Glaucium species are considered promising therapeutic agents in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS RISK FACTORS AND PROGNOSIS OF ENCAPSULATED PERITONEAL SCLEROSIS

55th Congress of the European-Renal-Association (ERA) and European-Dialysis-and-Transplantation-Association (EDTA) -- MAY 24-27, 2018 -- Copenhagen, DENMARKWOS: 000433059801645…European Renal Assoc, European Dialysis & Transplant Asso

The Impact of Peritonitis on Clinical Outcomes of PD Patients: A Single Center Experience

WOS: 000461206800012Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate peritonitis episodes and causative agents in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD), to examine the effects of peritonitis on technical and patient survival, and to determine whether the number of peritonitis episodes and causative agents was a risk factor or not. Materials and Methods: The medical records of 387 patients who started PD between January 2001 and January 2015 were evaluated retrospectively. Patients without peritonitis (Group 1 (n=123 patients)) and with detected peritonitis (Group 2 (n=243 patients)) were divided into two groups. Group 2 patients were subdivided according to the number of peritonitis (Group 2a 1 episode and Group 2b >= 2 episodes). Sociodemographic data and clinical courses were compared, and the reasons for PD withdrawal were obtained between the groups. Survival analysis was performed, and the effects of peritonitis on mortality were investigated. Results: A total of 427 peritonitis episodes were detected. The most common organism was Staphylococcus aureus (36%). The leading cause of death was cardiovascular disease in Group 1, whereas it was infection in Group 2a and Group 2b. Technique survival and mortality rates were similar among the groups. Risk factors for patient survival were history of peritonitis more than once and history of catheter exit site/tunnel infection. History of catheter exit site/tunnel infection was the only risk factor for technique survival. Conclusion: Our study has shown that even though the causes for mortality were different, mortality rates, and technique survival were similar between the two main groups. Infectious complications may affect patient and technical survival