नीली क्रांति में मानव संसाधन विकास की भूमिका

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PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTI-TRICHOSPORON ACTIVITY OF PLUMBAGO ZEYLANICA LINN

Objective: To evaluate the anti-Trichosporon activity of a medicinal plant, Plumbago zeylanica Linn and to find out the phytochemicals responsible for this activity with the use of four solvent extracts; methanol, ethanol, acetone and chloroform. Methods: To evaluate the antifungal activity, two methods were used. Agar well diffusion assay to determine the diameter of zone of inhibition (in mm) and MIC (in mg/ml) was determined through Tube dilution broth assay. Phytochemical screening for preliminary analysis of secondary metabolites was done through chemical methods. Results: Trichosporon asahii was found to be most sensitive to methanol extract of P. zeylanica with inhibition zone of 35 mm and T. inkin with 30 mm zone of inhibition. MIC results also showed that the methanol extract was most effective in lowest concentration against T. asahii with MIC at 6.2 mg/ml and inhibited T. inkin at 25 mg/ml. Phytochemical screening of plant extracts revealed the presence of certain phyto-constituents like alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, phenols, glycosides, tannins etc. Conclusion: The present study proved the sensitivity of the yeast Trichosporon spp. to different extracts of P. zeylanica. T. asahii was found to be more sensitive towards the extracts. Methanol extract proved to be most effective compared to ethanol, acetone and chloroform as it gave the maximum zones and lowest MIC result. Phytochemical analysis proved the presence of certain phytochemicals which was responsible for their antifungal activity

Effect of Common Vegetables on Thyroid Function in Rats-A Preliminary Study

Goitrogenic potency of some vegetables of Delhi were studied in rats. Adult male rats were fed separately on thiouracil, thiocyanate and extracts of carrot, cabbage and turnip procured from Delhi market for 26 days. Cabbage and turnip showed high thiocyanate contents while carrot did not show any measurable amount. Appreciable increase in thyroid weight to body weight ratio, plasma thiocyanate, plasma/sup 131/1 contents and protein bound/sup 131/ 1 or plasma were observed in all groups of experimental, rats, except carrot. Results indicated goitrogenic nature of cabbage and turnip in rats

LANDSLIDE HAZARD ZONATION IN AND AROUND KEDARNATH REGION AND ITS VALIDATION BASED ON REAL TIME KEDARNATH DISASTER USING GEOSPATIAL TECHNIQUES

Landslides are one of the frequently happening disasters in this hilly state of Uttarakhand which accounts to the loss of lives and property every year especially during the rainy season which lead to affect the families. With the development of satellite observation technique, advanced data analysis tool and new modeling techniques landslide hazard zonation map can be prepared.In the present study, Landslide Hazard Zonation (LHZ) for Kedarnath to Augustmuni region of Rudraprayag district of Uttarakhand state was carried out using Remote Sensing and GIS technique. For the preparation of LHZ map, year 2010 high resolution satellite data have been used. After preprocessing of the data various thematic layers are prepared in GIS environment. The weighted-rating system technique were used for the LHZ map showing the five zones, namely “very low hazard”, “low hazard”, “moderate hazard”, “high hazard” and “very high hazard” . This map has been validated after the tragedy of Kedarnath in Uttarakhand, Total no. of 224 Landslides has been marked from Kedarnath to Augustmuni region just after the kedarnath tragedy in year 2013. When this landslides thematic layer is overlaid on LHZ, the study shows that approximately 50% landslides was there where in LHZ map high and very high hazard zones have been identified. After the tragedy our team workers have gone to the field, with the help of DGPS around 40 ground control points have been taken to validate our result. So by using this geospatial technique around 50% people’s life can be saved.</p

Traditional use of medicinal plants among the tribal communities of Chhota Bhangal, Western Himalaya

The importance of medicinal plants in traditional healthcare practices, providing clues to new areas of research and in biodiversity conservation is now well recognized. However, information on the uses for plants for medicine is lacking from many interior areas of Himalaya. Keeping this in view the present study was initiated in a tribal dominated hinterland of western Himalaya. The study aimed to look into the diversity of plant resources that are used by local people for curing various ailments. Questionnaire surveys, participatory observations and field visits were planned to illicit information on the uses of various plants. It was found that 35 plant species are commonly used by local people for curing various diseases. In most of the cases (45%) under ground part of the plant was used. New medicinal uses of Ranunculus hirtellus and Anemone rupicola are reported from this area. Similarly, preparation of "sik" a traditional recipe served as a nutritious diet to pregnant women is also not documented elsewhere. Implication of developmental activities and changing socio-economic conditions on the traditional knowledge are also discussed

A Comparative Study of Three Different Types of Stem Cells for Treatment of Rat Spinal Cord Injury

Three different sources of human stem cells-bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), neural progenitors (NPs) derived from immortalized spinal fetal cell line (SPC-01), and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)-were compared in the treatment of a balloon-induced spinal cord compression lesion in rats. One week after lesioning, the rats received either BM-MSCs (intrathecally) or NPs (SPC-01 cells or iPSC-NPs, both intraspinally), or saline. The rats were assessed for their locomotor skills (BBB, flat beam test, and rotarod). Morphometric analyses of spared white and gray matter, axonal sprouting, and glial scar formation, as well as qPCR and Luminex assay, were conducted to detect endogenous gene expression, while inflammatory cytokine levels were performed to evaluate the host tissue response to stem cell therapy. The highest locomotor recovery was observed in iPSC-NP-grafted animals, which also displayed the highest amount of preserved white and gray matter. Grafted iPSC-NPs and SPC-01 cells significantly increased the number of growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43+) axons, reduced astrogliosis, downregulated Casp3 expression, and increased IL-6 and IL-12 levels. hMSCs transiently decreased levels of inflammatory IL-2 and TNF-alpha. These findings correlate with the short survival of hMSCs, while NPs survived for 2 months and matured slowly into glia- and tissue-specific neuronal precursors. SPC-01 cells differentiated more in astroglial phenotypes with a dense structure of the implant, whereas iPSC-NPs displayed a more neuronal phenotype with a loose structure of the graft. We concluded that the BBB scores of iPSC-NP- and hMSC-injected rats were superior to the SPC-01-treated group. The iPSC-NP treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI) provided the highest recovery of locomotor function due to robust graft survival and its effect on tissue sparing, reduction of glial scarring, and increased axonal sprouting

Creating Scientific Temperament through Children’s Science Congress in Uttarakhand, India

146-160Science and Technology provide hands-on guidance in every field such as agriculture, medical sciences, health care, innovations, public utility services, internal and external security, education, entertainment; information and technology, etc. The awareness related to science through informing, educating, and sharing knowledge for promoting sustainable development is known as science communication. The basic aim of science popularization is to expose the society and upcoming generations to the virtues of scientific development and to help them understand the science in their daily life and surroundings as well. Motivating school children towards science is an important aim of science communication at the school level.   The National Council for Science and Technology Communication (NCSTC), Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India, New Delhi has been organizing the “Children’s Science Congress (CSC)” as one of the mega flagship programmes at the block, district, state, and the national level throughout the country since the last 27 years. In the present paper, an attempt has been made to compile the experiences of three consecutive years (2017, 2018, and 2019) of Children’s Science Congress organized by the State Council for Science and Technology. It was categorized under seven themes in 2017, while two themes were merged in 2018 and 2019. A total of 11 districts of Uttarakhand participated in the 25th Children’s Science Congress during 2017, while in 2018 and 2019, all (thirteen) districts participated in the Children’s Science Congress. The total number of child scientists from different districts were found to be diverse – 107, 142, and 138 during the 25th, 26th and 27th Children’s Science Congress of Uttarakhand held in 2017, 2018 and 2019, respectively.   In the present paper an attempt has been made to understand the impact of Children’s Science Congress (CSC) for creating scientific temper among child scientists and mentors

Creating Scientific Temperament through Children’s Science Congress in Uttarakhand, India

Science and Technology provide hands-on guidance in every field such as agriculture, medical sciences, health care, innovations, public utility services, internal and external security, education, entertainment; information and technology, etc. The awareness related to science through informing, educating, and sharing knowledge for promoting sustainable development is known as science communication. The basic aim of science popularization is to expose the society and upcoming generations to the virtues of scientific development and to help them understand the science in their daily life and surroundings as well. Motivating school children towards science is an important aim of science communication at the school level. The National Council for Science and Technology Communication (NCSTC), Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India, New Delhi has been organizing the “Children’s Science Congress (CSC)” as one of the mega flagship programmes at the block, district, state, and the national level throughout the country since the last 27 years. In the present paper, an attempt has been made to compile the experiences of three consecutive years (2017, 2018, and 2019) of Children’s Science Congress organized by the State Council for Science and Technology. It was categorized under seven themes in 2017, while two themes were merged in 2018 and 2019. A total of 11 districts of Uttarakhand participated in the 25th Children’s Science Congress during 2017, while in 2018 and 2019, all (thirteen) districts participated in the Children’s Science Congress. The total number of child scientists from different districts were found to be diverse – 107, 142, and 138 during the 25th, 26th and 27th Children’s Science Congress of Uttarakhand held in 2017, 2018 and 2019, respectively. In the present paper an attempt has been made to understand the impact of Children’s Science Congress (CSC) for creating scientific temper among child scientists and mentors