Carolina celebrates 191st

Program announcing an upcoming ceremony to honor distinguished alumni of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, including James Silver; Source: University Gazette (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill); Unknown datehttps://egrove.olemiss.edu/jws_clip/1266/thumbnail.jp

Trip report no. 33

노트 : Evaluation period: 11-25 Mar 197

ニホンゴ キョウイク ニ オケル ヒハン キョウイク ヒハンテキ ヨミカキ キョウイク

日本語教育においては、主にことばの形態、機能、言語運用能力の習得に重きが置かれ、学習者のキャリアに関わるニーズや、カリキュラムの要求などを満たすことが目標とされる場合が多い。しかし、この実用的目標に加えて、批判教育、批判的読み書き教育の観点も一つの重要な教育理念となり得る。それは、学習者が社会によって規定された知識や生き方を批判的に認識し、自己の生きる可能性と世界観を広げるとともに、より平等で公正な社会の創造を目指す理念である。この理念は、社会の中に存在する不平等、差別 、人間の生活環境を脅かす問題などを見据え、言語、自己の主体、知識、社会構造などが、社会的、文化的、政治的、経済的な権力関係と密接に結びついていることを批判的に理解することによって達成される。とくに批判的読み書き教育では、単に文字を読み書くことだけではなく、学習者を取り巻く外界を理解し、社会を変革していくことに主眼がおかれる。 本稿では、批判教育、批判的読み書き教育の理念を紹介するとともに、アメリカの大学レベルでの日本語教育の実践から、「外人」ということば、日本語の中の女性語、日本文化論の三点を例にとり、批判教育、批判的読み書き教育からの視点を論じる。In teaching Japanese as a foreign language, emphasis is usually placed on the acquisition of the language, form, function, and proficiency. Often a goal is to fulfill a learner\u27s career needs or to satisfy curriculum requirements. Another perspective, however, is that of critical pedagogy and critical literacy. Critical pedagogy and critical literacy aim at empowering students by opening up their possibilities as individuals in a society through a critical understanding of socially constructed knowledge. This perspective, at the same time, seeks equality and justice in the global community. These goals are achieved through becoming aware of inequalities, discriminations, and various problems that threaten our living conditions, and through understanding critically that language, one\u27s identity, knowledge, and social structures are implicated in cultural, social, political, and economical relations of power. In critical literacy, importance is placed not only on reading and writing words but also on understanding the world and transforming the society. This paper introduces an underlying philosophy of critical pedagogy and critical literacy, and discusses how it can be applied to teaching Japanese. Three example topics from actual classroom teaching at the college level in the U.S. will be presented: namely, the word, "gaijin (foreigner)," female language in Japanese, and the uniqueness of Japanese culture

New Safety UTC Envisions Safe Systems Approach for U.S. Roadways

The Collaborative Sciences Center for Road Safety (CSCRS), the new University Transportation Center (UTC) at The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (UNC) is taking a fresh approach to road safety. This national safety UTC is focused on implementing a collaborative, multidisciplinary, safe systems approach to reducing transportation-related injuries and fatalities and to helping traffic safety become recognized as a public health priority in the United States

Electric Bicycles and Cargo Bikes\u2014Tools for Parents To Keep On Biking in Auto-Centric Communities? Findings From a US Metropolitan Area

DTRT13-G-UTC29This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Please cite this article as: Alainna Thomas (2022) Electric bicycles and cargo bikes\u2014Tools for parents to keep on biking in auto-centric communities? Findings from a US metropolitan area, International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 16:7, 637-646, DOI: 10.1080/15568318.2021.1914787Despite a marked increase in electric bicycle (e-bike) research, few studies have looked at how parents or caretakers use e-bikes specifically to transport children. This is a missed opportunity, as parenthood often results in increased auto dependence. Getting more parents or caretakers on e-bikes or to continue biking would align with policies aimed at decreasing automobile dependence and increasing physical activity. This paper presents findings from in-depth interviews aimed to understand how families used e-bikes daily to transport their children, what factors motivated them to start, and what encourages them to continue this practice. Twenty parents and caretakers in the San Francisco Bay Area of the United States participated in the interviews which resulted in the following findings: e-bikes increased accessibility to communities, provided opportunities for greater physical activity, substituted for car trips, and allowed for more family quality time with the added benefit of reducing stress. The interviews also uncovered barriers like price and social stigmas, especially among less experienced or less committed cyclists. Finally, context matters. Bike infrastructure, local policies, and a supportive biking culture make it more likely that barriers would be overcome. More research is needed to understand the prevalence of family use of e-bikes, particularly in places with less supportive bike infrastructure and culture

Alternative Computational Protocols for Supercharging Protein Surfaces for Reversible Unfolding and Retention of Stability

Bryan S. Der, Ron Jacak, Brian Kuhlman, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of AmericaChristien Kluwe, Aleksandr E. Miklos, Andrew D. Ellington , Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of AmericaChristien Kluwe, Aleksandr E. Miklos, George Georgiou, Andrew D. Ellington, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of AmericaAleksandr E. Miklos, Andrew D. Ellington , Applied Research Laboratories, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of AmericaSergey Lyskov, Jeffrey J. Gray, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of AmericaBrian Kuhlman, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of AmericaReengineering protein surfaces to exhibit high net charge, referred to as “supercharging”, can improve reversibility of unfolding by preventing aggregation of partially unfolded states. Incorporation of charged side chains should be optimized while considering structural and energetic consequences, as numerous mutations and accumulation of like-charges can also destabilize the native state. A previously demonstrated approach deterministically mutates flexible polar residues (amino acids DERKNQ) with the fewest average neighboring atoms per side chain atom (AvNAPSA). Our approach uses Rosetta-based energy calculations to choose the surface mutations. Both protocols are available for use through the ROSIE web server. The automated Rosetta and AvNAPSA approaches for supercharging choose dissimilar mutations, raising an interesting division in surface charging strategy. Rosetta-supercharged variants of GFP (RscG) ranging from −11 to −61 and +7 to +58 were experimentally tested, and for comparison, we re-tested the previously developed AvNAPSA-supercharged variants of GFP (AscG) with +36 and −30 net charge. Mid-charge variants demonstrated ~3-fold improvement in refolding with retention of stability. However, as we pushed to higher net charges, expression and soluble yield decreased, indicating that net charge or mutational load may be limiting factors. Interestingly, the two different approaches resulted in GFP variants with similar refolding properties. Our results show that there are multiple sets of residues that can be mutated to successfully supercharge a protein, and combining alternative supercharge protocols with experimental testing can be an effective approach for charge-based improvement to refolding.This work was supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (HR-0011-10-1-0052 to A.E.) and the Welch Foundation (F-1654 to A.E.), the National Institutes of Health grants GM073960 (B.K.) and R01-GM073151 (J.G. and S.L.), the Rosetta Commons (S.L.), the National Science Foundation graduate research fellowship (2009070950 to B.D.), the UNC Royster Society Pogue fellowship (B.D.), and National Institutes of Health grant T32GM008570 for the UNC Program in Molecular and Cellular Biophysics. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Center for Systems and Synthetic BiologyCellular and Molecular BiologyApplied Research LaboratoriesEmail: [email protected]

Low-Cost Pedestrian Safety Zones: An Eight-Step Handbook

Contract DTNH2216D00017/TaskOrder 693JJ919F000174This project consists of two reports, this one and Low-Cost Pedestrian Safety Zones: Countermeasure Selection Resource. They were developed for State Highway Safety Offices and transportation professionals seeking to support and implement low-cost, quick countermeasures to address pedestrian safety. The handbook describes the process of developing and using low-cost pedestrian safety zones. The resource report details low-cost countermeasures as part of pedestrian safety zone efforts. Pedestrian safety zones target a specifically identified area using a complex combination of countermeasures, typically education, enforcement, and engineering. When done correctly, significant improvements are made

Low-Cost Pedestrian Safety Zones: Countermeasure Selection Resource

Contract DTNH2216D00017/TaskOrder 693JJ919F000174This project consists of two reports, this one and Low-Cost Pedestrian Safety Zones: Countermeasure Selection Resource. They were developed for State Highway Safety Offices and transportation professionals seeking to support and implement low-cost, quick countermeasures to address pedestrian safety. The handbook describes the process of developing and using low-cost pedestrian safety zones. The resource report details low-cost countermeasures as part of pedestrian safety zone efforts. Pedestrian safety zones target a specifically identified area using a complex combination of countermeasures, typically education, enforcement, and engineering. When done correctly, significant improvements are made

Evaluating AERMOD With Measurements From a Major U.S. Airport Located on a Shoreline

13-C-AJFE-UNC-007, 014This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Please cite this article as: Gavendra Pandey, Akula Venkatram, and Saravanan Arunachalam. 2023. Evaluating AERMOD with measurements from a major U.S. airport located on a shoreline. Atmospheric Environment, 294, 119506. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2022.119506The impact of airport operations on air quality is a key public health concern for the population surrounding an airport. Air pollution regulations require the assessment of this impact using dispersion models. Modeling dispersion of aircraft-related sources poses challenges because of the large number and variety of airport sources, which include aircraft, ground operation vehicles, and traffic in and out of the airport, most of which are mobile. Emissions from aircraft sources are transient, buoyant, and occur at different heights from the ground. Quantifying these emissions as well as modeling the governing processes is challenging. An added complexity occurs when the airport is situated near a shoreline where meteorological conditions are far from being spatially uniform