The prevalence of high dysplastic colonic adenomatous polyps in a 3 year endoscopic retrospective study from a single clinical center

Introduction: Many colon neoplastic tumors come from the malignancy of adenomatous polyps (70%-90%) that were not timely diagnosed in order to be resected. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective study regarding the incidence of adenomatous polyps during 1.000 consecutive colonoscopies performed in our Upper and Lower Digestive Endoscopy Laboratory during a three-year period. Results: During these colonoscopies, some targeted polyps were biopsied or completely removed and the samples had been sent to a complete anatomopathological examination. Taking into consideration the results, the polyps were classified after the histological type and the form of dysplasia, in order to determine the polyp forms that present a high risk of malignancy. Conclusion: Given the rather high frequency of malignant polyps discovered during our study, we highly recommend colonoscopy as a method of choice for routine monitoring of selected cases

ASPECTS REGARDING THE METHODS OF SOIL AERATION

Aspects regarding the methods of soil aeration. Soil aeration is a process to be carried out continuously the gas exchange between soil and atmosphere. The process is done mainly by the movement of water inside and outside him. There are three major gases in the soil (nitrogen,oxygen and carbon dioxide). Soil air composition differs from that of air by higher CO2 content (0,3 to 0,5%). The air in the soil is very important for the dynamics of soil. Soil aeration is accomplished through mass flow and diffusion. In this paper the authors present these methods of soil aeratio

The 'nanobig rods' class of gold nanorods: optimized dimensions for improved in vivo therapeutic and imaging efficacy

Currently, gold nanorods can be synthesized in a wide range of sizes. However, for intended biological applications gold nanorods with approximate dimensions 50 nm x 15 nm are used. We investigate by computer simulation the effect of particle dimensions on the optical and thermal properties in the context of the specific applications of photoacoustic imaging. In addition we discuss the influence of particle size in overcoming the following biophysical barriers when administrated in vivo: extravasation, avoidance of uptake by organs of the reticuloendothelial system, penetration through the interstitium, binding capability and uptake by the target cells. Although more complex biological influences can be introduced in future analysis, the present work illustrates that larger gold nanorods, designated by us as "nanobig rods", may perform relatively better at meeting the requirements for successful in vivo applications compared to their smaller counterparts which are conventionally used

Further insights on predictors of environmental tobacco smoke exposure during the pediatric age

Background: The smoking ban in public places has reduced Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) exposure for non-smokers, but despite this, domestic environments still remain places at high risk of exposure, and, today, about 40% of children worldwide are exposed to ETS at home. The aims of the study are to investigate the contribution of several factors on ETS exposure among a group of Italian children and to evaluate the changes in smoking precautions adopted at home when the smoker is the mother, the father, or both parents, respectively. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on a sample of 519 Italian schoolchildren. Information was collected via a questionnaire. Results: 41.4% of the participants lived with at least one smoker. Almost half of the children exposed to ETS lived with one or more smokers who do not observe any home smoking ban. Lower maternal or paternal educational levels significantly increase the risk of ETS exposure at home and the “worst case” is represented by both parents who smoke. Conclusions: More effective preventive interventions are needed to protect children from ETS exposure. Some interventions should be specifically dedicated to smokers with a low educational level and to mothers that smoke

Laparoscopic partial suprarenalectomy

Catedra de Chirugie nr. 4, Universitatea de Stat de Medicină și Farmacie “Nicolae Testemițanu”, Chișinău, Republica Moldova, Al XIII-lea Congres al Asociației Chirurgilor „Nicolae Anestiadi” și al III-lea Congres al Societății de Endoscopie, Chirurgie miniminvazivă și Ultrasonografie ”V.M.Guțu” din Republica MoldovaIntroducere: Abordul laparoscopic în suprarenalectomie a devenit standartul de aur pentru diverse afecțiuni ale suprarenalei. Impactul suprarenalectomiei totale este deosebit de grav atunci când procesul este bilateral, în special la pacienții tineri. Suprarenalectomia parțială este binevenită în astfel de situații. Totodată dificultățile tehnice intraoperatorii și riscurile hemoragice sunt problemele majore cu care se confruntă aceste operații. În cazuri selecționate de tumori benigne sub 3 cm, cu localizare anterioară sau laterală, suprarenalectomia parțială este perfect justificată. Principalele repere sunt reprezentate de identificarea adenomului, pãstrarea țesutului glandular restant vascularizat și disecția precisă cu menținerea spațiului de clivaj între tumorã și restul parenchimului. Realizarea propriu zisã a rezecției țesutului glandular în condiții de securitate hemostatica este fezabilă și eficientă cu utilizarea tehnicilor moderne de sigilare vascularã Liga-Sure. Scopul: Implementarea interventiilor organomenajante in chirurgia tumorilor benigne ale suprarenalelor. Material și metode: Pe parcursul a 10 ani (2009-2018) in clinică au fost supuși intervențiilor chirurgicale 144 pacienti cu diverse formațiuni de volum ale suprarenalelor. Din lotul total 68 (47.2%) au suportat rezecții parțiale de glandă în bloc cu tumora. Rezultate: Durata medie a intervențiilor chirurgicale organomenajante nu a înregistrat deosebiri esențiale de suprarenalectomia totală, iar evoluția postoperatorie precoce a fost similară. Concluzii: Ambele metode chirurgicale prezintă evoluție postoperatorie precoce similare, iar suprarenalectomia parțială necesită dotari suplimentare pentru realizare totodată fiind metoda care ar permite prezervarea parenchimului hormonal.Background: The laparoscopic approach to suprarenalectomy has become a "gold standard" for various disorders of the suprarenal gland. The overall suprarenalectomy is particularly severe when the process is bilateral, especially in young patients. Partial suprarenalectomy is welcome in such situations. Intraoperative technical difficulties and hemorrhagic risks are the major problems during these operations. In selected cases of benign tumors under 3 cm, with anterior or lateral localization, partial suprarenalectomy is perfectly justified. The main milestones are the identification of the adenoma, preservation of the vascularized resting glandular tissue and the precise dissection with the maintenance of the cleavage space between the tumor and the rest of the parenchyma. The actual realization of the resection of the glandular tissue under hemostatic safety conditions is phased and efficient with the use of modern vascular sealing techniques Liga-Sure. The aim: A comparative study between the total and partial suprarenalectomies. Methods and materials: Over the course of 10 years (2009-2018) in the clinic 144 patients with various suprarenal volume formations underwent surgical interventions. From the total group 68 (47.2%), underwent partial tumor resection of the gland. Results: The average duration of partial resection surgeries did not show any essential differences of total suprarenalectomy and postoperative evolution was similar. Conclusions: Both surgical methods have a similar postoperative evolution, but the partial suprarenalectomy is technically more difficult to perform, but at the same time it is the only method that would maintain the endogen hormonal status

Endoscopic reinterventions in patients with poor recovery after ERC

Catedra Chirurgie nr. 4, Universitatea de Medicină și Farmacie ”Nicolae Testemițanu”, Chișinău, Republica Moldova, Al XIII-lea Congres al Asociației Chirurgilor „Nicolae Anestiadi” și al III-lea Congres al Societății de Endoscopie, Chirurgie miniminvazivă și Ultrasonografie ”V.M.Guțu” din Republica MoldovaIntroducere: Anual în clinicile IMSP SCR ”Timofei Moșneaga” din diferite motive, intervențiilor endoscopice ERCP (Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio-Pancreatography) sunt supuși în jur de 500 pacienți. Ca regulă, pacienții suportă ERCP adecvat, însă un procent din ei sunt totuși supuși unei reintervenții endoscopice din diferite motive. Materiale şi metode: În lucrare sunt analizate evoluțiile post-ERCP la 1432 pacienți realizate pe parcursul ultimilor 3 ani (2016, 2017, 2018) și în special frecvența și motivul reintervențiilor. Astfel s-a constatat că reintervenții au avut loc în 172 (12%) cazuri. Am realizat că motivul principal al reintevențiilor a fost colangita condiționată de fragmente sau calculi restanți – 115 (66,7%), obstrucție de stent – 36 (20.9%), altele – 21 (12.2%). Rezultate: În majoritatea cazurilor reintervențiile endoscopice au servit drept manoperă finală pentru soluționarea cazurilor - 159 (92.4%). Doar în 13 (7.6%) cazuri, reintervențiile endoscopice nu au soluționat situația, urmând ca pacienții să fie supuși intervențiilor chirurgicale tradiționale. Concluzii: Întotdeauna în situațiile nesigure, intervențiile endoscopice urmează a fi finalizate cu una din metodele de drenare endoscopică, și anume - protezare endoscopică sau drenare nazobiliară.Introduction: Anually, in the clinics of IMSP SCR ”Timofei Moșneaga”, because of various reasons, around 500 patients are undergoing endoscopic interventions – ERCP (Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio-Pancreatography). As a rule, the patients endure the ERCPs adequately, but still, a percentage of them sustain an endoscopic reintervention because of a variety of reasons. Materials and methods: This study analyzes post-ERCP evolution in 1432 patients which underwent an ERCP during the last 3 years (2016, 2017, 2018), and especially the frequency and reasons of reintervention. Thus, it was determined that reinterventions took place in 172 (12%) cases. Also, it was determined that the main reason of reinterventions was cholangitis conditioned by fragments or residual calculus – 115 (66,7%), stent obstruction – 36 (20,9%), other reasons – 21 (12,2%). Results: In most cases, endoscopic reinterventions served as a final maneuver for the settlement of cases - 159 (92,4%). Only in 13 (7,6%) cases, endoscopic reinterventions didn’t solve the situation, the patients later undergoing a traditional surgery. Conclusions: In uncertain situations, endoscopic interventions must always be finalized with one of the endoscopic drainage options, namely endoscopic prosthesis or nasobiliary drainage

ASPECTS CONCERNING NITRATE AND NITRITE POLLUTION OF GROUNDWATERS

Aspects concerning nitrate and nitrite pollution of groundwaters. Water is a basic natural resource for the good functioning of all thebiological processes in nature. It is very important for life and for the developmentof human activities. The quality of the ground water has begun to degrade moreand more, as a result of the physical, chemical and bacteriological changes.Nitrogen compounds pollution of the underground has increased lately. This hasbeen caused by the excessive and irrational use of nitrogen derived fertilizers, bythe wrong storage of the dejections resulted from zootechnical processes and byother chemical substances discharged into water. Samples were collected fromdifferent wells in order to check whether the well water was drinkable. The resultof the test revealed the existence of high concentrations of nitrates as well asvalues exceeding normal microbiological parameters. The value recorded in thetown of Segarcea, the county of Dolj, showed extremely high concentrations ofnitrates of the drinking water in the wells. Thus, Segarcea is the town with thegreatest number of contaminated wells in the country

Interaction with Nearly Environment and Old Structure for a Deep Excavation. Case History in Bucharest

The paper presents the influence of a deep excavation performed in Bucharest on the adjacent ground and on some old buildings around it; the damages and effects appeared during the excavation and the remedial measures are presented in detail, too. The excavation was designed to be 16.15 meters deep, sustained by a slurry wall enclosure of 60 cm thickness and pre-stressed anchors, and steel struts. Due to an accident that occured to the trench walls, a thorough monitoring by instrumentation started. The results of this monitoring are shown

Azo-azulene derivatives for nonlinear optical applications

Organic materials are of high interest and are widely used for the development of new powerful and low dimensional technologies. They exhibit several advantages with respect to inorganic compounds such as large cubic and quadratic optical nonlinearities, flexibility, easy manufacturing and so on. Among them, some present abilities for photonic or nonlinear optical applications. Intensive researches have been performed these latest decades to synthesize highly efficient and optically active molecules because of the miniaturization of optoelectronic devices. Azo-azulene derivatives are an interesting class of organic molecules for potential applications in optoelectronics and optical data storage due to their polyfunctional properties. We discuss second and third order nonlinear optical properties of a series of azo-azulene compounds in solid state. Thin films were prepared by incorporating these molecules in a polymethylmetacrylate (PMMA) matrix and were investigated. Moreover, potential usage of these guest-host systems for optical data storage is also discussed