Contribution of body composition to nutritional assessment at hospital admission in 995 patients: a controlled population study

Body weight, weight changes and BMI are easily obtainable indicators of nutritional status, but they do not provide information on the amount of fat-free and fat masses. The purpose of the present study was to determine if fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass were depleted in patients with normal BMI or serum albumin at hospital admission. A group of 995 consecutive patients were evaluated for malnutrition by BMI, serum albumin, and 50 kHz bioelectrical impedance analysis and compared with 995 healthy adults, matched for age and height, and then compared with FFM and fat mass percentiles previously determined in 5225 healthy adults. A BMI of ≤20 kg/m2 was noted in 17·3 % of patients and serum albumin of ≤35 g/l was found in 14·9 % of patients. In contrast, 31 % of all patients were below the tenth percentile for FFM, compared with 10·1 % of controls (χ2, P=0·0001), while 73 % of patients with BMI ≤20 kg/m2 and 31 % of patients with BMI 20-24·9 kg/m2 fell below the tenth percentile for FFM. Furthermore, the FFM was lower in patients than controls and the differences with age in FFM (lower) and fat mass (higher) were greater in patients than in controls. BMI and albumin significantly underestimated the prevalence of malnutrition in patients at hospital admission compared with body composition measurements. Optimal nutritional assessment should therefore include objective measurement of FFM and fat mas

The Pennsylvania Dutchman Vol. 8, No. 4

● Such Fancy Boxes, Yet ● Dried Corn ● Pennsylvania Dutch Cooking is Corny ● The Amish at Play ● Colonial Button Mold ● Illness and Cure of Domestic Animals Among the Pennsylvania Dutch ● Pennsylvania Dutch Pioneershttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/dutchmanmag/1011/thumbnail.jp

Human Nerve Growth Factor Protects Common Marmosets against Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis by Switching the Balance of T Helper Cell Type 1 and 2 Cytokines within the Central Nervous System

Multiple sclerosis is a demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS), in which an immune attack directed against myelin constituents causes myelin destruction and death of oligodendrocytes, the myelin-producing cells. Here, the efficacy of nerve growth factor (NGF), a growth factor for neurons and oligodendrocytes, in promoting myelin repair was evaluated using the demyelinating model of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) in the common marmoset. Surprisingly, we found that NGF delayed the onset of clinical EAE and, pathologically, prevented the full development of EAE lesions. We demonstrate by immunocytochemistry that NGF exerts its antiinflammatory effect by downregulating the production of interferon γ by T cells infiltrating the CNS, and upregulating the production of interleukin 10 by glial cells in both inflammatory lesions of EAE and normal-appearing CNS white matter. Thus, NGF, currently under investigation in human clinical trials as a neuronal trophic factor, may be an attractive candidate for therapy of autoimmune demyelinating disorders

The Pennsylvania Dutchman Vol. 8, No. 1

● The Summer House ● Drinks in Dutchland ● Yesteryear in Dutchland ● Moshey and Bellyguts ● Rise of Interest in Dutch Antiques ● Diaper Lore ● Lititz ● Witchcraft in Cow and Horse ● Dorothy Kalbach ● Plain Dutch and Gay Dutch ● Dialect Folksay ● Pennsylvania Dutch Pioneers ● About the Authors ● What\u27s New in Dutchlandhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/dutchmanmag/1008/thumbnail.jp

Pennsylvania Folklife Vol. 17, No. 2

• The Far-From-Lonely Heart • Almanac Album • Some Moravian Paintings in London • Snakelore in Pennsylvania German Folk Medicine • The Blacksmith and his Tools • Shouting, Jumping Evangelicals • The Old Goschenhoppen Lutheran Burial Register, 1752-1772 • Personalia from the Amerikanischer Correspondent • Regionalism Among the Holmes County Amish • The Pennsylvania German Churches and Sects (1878) • Notes and Documents: A Curious People (1877) ; Pokes and Tuts (1964) • Feather Beds and Chaff Bags: Folk-Cultural Questionnaire No. 6https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/pafolklifemag/1030/thumbnail.jp

Deliver us from Evil: The Effects of Mortality Salience and Reminders of 9/11 on Support for President George W. Bush

According to terror management theory, heightened concerns about mortality should intensify the appeal of charismatic leaders. To assess this idea, we investigated how thoughts about death and the 9/11 terrorist attacks influence Americans’ attitudes toward current U.S. President George W. Bush. Study 1 found that reminding people of their own mortality (mortality salience) increased support for Bush and his counterterrorism policies. Study 2 demonstrated that subliminal exposure to 9/11-related stimuli brought death-related thoughts closer to consciousness. Study 3 showed that reminders of both mortality and 9/11 increased support for Bush. In Study 4, mortality salience led participants to become more favorable toward Bush and voting for him in the upcoming election but less favorable toward Presidential candidate John Kerry and voting for him. Discussion focused on the role of terror management processes in allegiance to charismatic leaders and political decision making.Yeshttps://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/manuscript-submission-guideline

Le E-commerce des médicaments en Europe en 2005

Le commerce électronique permet à priori l'échange mondial de tout produit matériel, sans distinction aucune. Pourtant, si certaines marchandises peuvent être commercialisées en ligne sans restriction majeure, d'autres, considérées à risque, font l'objet de législations moins permissives. Tel est le cas des médicaments, objets d'un cadre juridique national et communautaire très strict. Celui-ci prend en compte le double enjeu constitué par la protection du consommateur et les impératifs de santé. Dans certains pays d'Europe, on assiste déjà à l'émergence d'officines virtuelles, les " cyber-pharmacies ". Mais quelle est la légalité de ces nouvelles institutions en droit français à l'heure actuelle ? La vente en ligne de médicaments est-elle licite en France?TOURS-BU Sciences Pharmacie (372612104) / SudocSudocFranceF

737–3 Rapid Whole Blood Bedside Cardiac Troponln T Immunoassay for the Diagnosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction

Cardiac troponin T (cTT) is a regulatory contractile protein normally not found in the blood. Its detection in the circulation has been shown to be a sensitive and specific marker for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The Elisa cTT presently requires at least 90 minutes, which is too long to be useful in emergency situations.We tested a new rapid bedside whole blood immunoassay for cTT in 32 consecutive patients admitted to the Geneva University Hospital for suspected AMI, with an onset of pain within 12 hours. The new rapid assay, the Elisa cTT, the creatine kinase (CK) and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) were performed at admission, 4 and 8 hours after admission.The rapid assay was positive in all 25 patients subsequently shown to have an AMI. In the 7 patients without AMI, the assay was negative in 6, and positive in 1 (myopericarditis). At each time of the three measurements, the rapid assay had a similar or a better sensitivity and specificity than CK-MB or Elisa cTT. Already 4 hours after admission, the rapid assay reached a sensitivity of 100%, which is better than the CK-MB (96%).Results of the rapid assay were obtained in 15 minutes, even less in all positive cases, and the time to get a positive result correlated with the cTT Elisa and CK-MB levels.Our results allowed us to conclude that, while considerably more rapid than conventional assays, this new bedside whole-blood troponin T assay also has equal or better sensitivity and specificity than the other tests. In addition, we would like to stress the simplicity of this rapid assay, that can be performed on the spot, without laboratory infrastructure or equipment