Investigation on Malondialdehyde, S100B, and Advanced Oxidation Protein Product Levels in Significant Hyperbilirubinemia and the Effect of Intensive Phototherapy on these Parameters

BackgroundThe parameters of oxidative stress [advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs), malondialdehyde (MDA), and S100B] and the effect of intensive phototherapy (PT) on these parameters have not been studied extensively in newborns with significant hyperbilirubinemia (SH). We aimed to measure the levels of MDA, S100B, and AOPPs in newborns with SH, and to compare newborns with healthy control newborns without hyperbilirubinemia on the basis of these parameters of oxidative stress. In addition, we investigated the effect of intensive PT on these parameters during the treatment of SH and report our findings for the first time in the literature.MethodsThe study was performed in newborns (n = 62) who underwent intensive PT because of SH. Newborns without jaundice constituted the control group (n = 30). Both groups were compared with respect to demographic characteristics and biochemical (laboratory) parameters including MDA, AOPPs, and S100B. MDA, AOPPs, and S100B were also compared before and after intensive PT in the PT group. In the study group, a correlation analysis of demographic characteristics; MDA, AOPP, and S100B values; and changes occurring in MDA, AOPPs, and S100B values due to the effect of intensive PT was performed.ResultsSerum total bilirubin, S100B, and MDA levels in the PT group before performing PT were significantly higher than those in the control group. In newborns receiving PT serum total bilirubin, MDA and AOPP levels decreased significantly after intensive PT. In correlation analysis, a statistically significant negative correlation was found only between the amount of bilirubin decrease with PT and AOPP levels after PT in the study group.ConclusionWhether the significant decrease in MDA levels, which was higher prior to PT, is due to the decrease in serum bilirubin levels or due to the effect of intensive PT itself remains to be determined in further studies. The decrease in AOPP levels after PT implies that intensive PT has protective effects on oxidative stress

Treatment Of Retinopathy Of Prematurity: A Review Of Conventional And Promising New Therapeutic Options

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), a retinal vascular disease of premature infants, continues to be a major cause of preventable childhood blindness all over the world. The incidence of ROP varies among countries, being influenced by the quality of the level of neonatal intensive care. Here, we discuss the potential treatments that are now available or will soon or probably be available for ROP. Although ablation of the avascular retina with laser photocoagulation remains the current gold standard and well established therapy for ROP, some new therapeutic options including angiostatic therapies are being explored based on our knowledge of the pathophysiology of the ROP and complications and efficacy of laser treatment. However, prevention of the development of severe ROP and screening for ROP seem to be the best strategy in avoiding visual impairment caused by ROP in premature infants. New therapeutic interventions including vascular endothelial growth factor antibody administration, gene therapy and supplemental therapies should be supported with evidence-based data for the treatment of ROP.Wo

A Neonate with CLOVES Syndrome

Congenital lipomatous overgrowth, vascular malformations, and epidermal nevi (CLOVE) syndrome is a recently delineated disorder that comprises vascular malformations (typically truncal), dysregulated adipose tissue, scoliosis, enlarged bony structures (typically of the legs) without progression, or distorting bony overgrowth. The name CLOVE was subsequently extended to CLOVES to emphasize the association with scoliosis/skeletal and spinal anomalies and seizures/central nervous system malformations. We herein report a very rare case of CLOVES syndrome with the findings of lipomatous overgrowth in the cheek (facial asymmetry), vascular malformation (hemangiomas), epidermal nevi (large port wine stains), and skeletal abnormalities (widened first interdigital space, dystrophia in the nail of the first digit of the right foot, and bilateral hypertrophy of the first digits of the feet)

O R I G I N A L P A P E R Analysis of the Relationship between Serum Bilirubin Levels and Frequency of Urination and Stooling in Infants in the First Week of Life

Abstract Background: There is risk of developing bilirubin encephalopathy (kernicterus) in cases in which early diagnosis and treatment of high bilirubin levels are not available. The follow-up and treatment of neonatal indirect hyperbilirubinemia are, therefore, important. Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between serum bilirubin levels and the frequency of urination and stooling in infants admitted to an outpatient neonatology department to determine the exact/cut off frequency of urination and stooling that will enable the prediction of high/critical serum bilirubin levels. Methods: The study was carried out with the parents of 70 infants who were admitted to the outpatient Neonatology Department. Determination of the urination and stooling frequency of the infants included in this study was based on the number of changed urine wet diapers and the number of stooling in the last 24 hours before admission. The capillary bilirubin level measured at first routine control was recorded as the serum total bilirubin level. Results: A statistically significant negative linear correlation was found between capillary serum bilirubin levels and the number of stoolings and number of changed urine wet diapers in the last 24 hours. A stooling number of ≤7 predicted being in the ≥50% risk group in terms of neonatal jaundice with 91.5% sensitivity, while ≤7 changed urine wet diapers in the last 24 hours also had 91.5% sensitivity. Conclusions: This study will enable parents and health care providers to be aware of the exact frequency of urination and stooling that predicts high bilirubin levels. This simple observation will also make it possible to guide parents and health care providers about the critical serum bilirubin level for a risk of significant jaundice and related complications before high bilirubin levels develop dangerously

Nicolau syndrome induced by intramuscular vitamin K in a premature newborn

Nicolau syndrome (NS), also known as livedo-like dermatitis or embolia cutis medicamentosa, is a very rare complication of intramuscular and intraarticular injection of various drugs

Sünnetten Önce Duchenne Musküler Distrofisi Tanısı: Çok Erken Bir Tanı

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X linked recessive disorder caused by a deficient or defective synthesis of dystrophine protein. Children with DMD are rarely symptomatic at birth or in early infancy, and the diagnosis is extremely difficult to establish and even it is made by chance. In this article a 5.5-month-old infant in whom increases in liver function tests were detected in routine tests performed for general anesthesia and later diagnosed as Duchenne muscular dystrophy is presented. It has been emphasized that DMD, as a rare disease should be considered in etiological investigations in infants with elevations in liver function tests of any origin but with normal physical examination findings, and the utility of testing for simple biochemical markers such as creatinin kinase in establishing diagnosis before performing further detailed investigations should be kept in mind

Association Between Early Idiopathic Neonatal Jaundice and Urinary Tract Infections

Background and purpose: Etiologic role, incidence, demographic, and response-to-treatment characteristics of urinary tract infection (UTI) among neonates, its relationship with significant neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, and abnormalities of the urinary system were studied in a prospective investigation in early (<= 10 days) idiopathic neonatal jaundice in which all other etiologic factors of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia were ruled out