Normative Familienbilder für Afrika: das UN-Übereinkommen und die Afrikanische Charta über die Rechte des Kindes

Ziel der Untersuchung ist es, einen Beitrag zum Verständnis der impliziten normativen Vorbilder der Familie in den internationalen und regionalen Instrumente des Menschenrechtsschutzes zu leisten. Alle Afrikanische Staaten (nur Somalia stellt eine Ausnahme dar) haben die UNO-Konvention zum Schutz der Rechte der Kinder vom 1989 unterzeichnet, drei Viertel der Afrikanischen Staaten akzeptieren die Afrikanische Charta der Rechte und des Wohlergehens der Kinder vom 1990. Dadurch haben sich diese Staaten verpflichtet, die Implementierung dieser Vereinbarungen finanziell und organisatorisch zu unterstützen. Beide Dokumente betonen die Wichtigkeit der Familie hinsichtlich des Schutzes der Rechte und der Interessen von Kindern. In der Studie wird untersucht, welche normative Vorstellungen bezüglich der Familie diesen Dokumenten zugrunde liegen und wie der Schutz der Familie einerseits und die individuellen Rechte der Familienmitglieder, insbesondere der Kinder, andererseits vereinbart werden. (ICFÜbers)"This article intends to contribute to the understanding of normative images of the family which are contained in international and regional human rights instruments. All the African states with the exception only of Somalia are parties to the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child of 1989, and three quarters of all African states are parties to the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child of 1990. As a consequence these states are under the obligation to implement the provisions of those treaties. Both treaties stress the importance of the family for the protection of the rights and best interests of children. The article explores which norms of the family are expressed, and how the relationship between the protection of the family on the one hand and the individual rights of its members, especially the children, on the other hand is shaped in the treaties." (author's abstract

The presentation of claims in matrimonial proceedings in Tanzania:: A problem of language and legal culture.

As a system that deals with social ordering, the law is very much a function of words, i. e. of language. Language is one of the most effective ways of communicating. One of the most cardinal principles of the common law criminal system is constituted in the maxim ignorantia juris non excusat (ignorance of the law is no excuse). In conformity with this principle, Tanzania`s Penal Code, the basic criminal law statute, assumes that everybody knows the law. Knowledge of the law presupposes `legal literacy`, which in turn means that the citizemy (or at least a reasonable portion of it) is capable of understanding what the law says. Hence, the law must speak in a language the people understand. Only then can they reasonably be expected to generally conduct themselves in accordance with the law

The presentation of claims in matrimonial proceedings in Tanzania:: A problem of language and legal culture.

As a system that deals with social ordering, the law is very much a function of words, i. e. of language. Language is one of the most effective ways of communicating. One of the most cardinal principles of the common law criminal system is constituted in the maxim ignorantia juris non excusat (ignorance of the law is no excuse). In conformity with this principle, Tanzania`s Penal Code, the basic criminal law statute, assumes that everybody knows the law. Knowledge of the law presupposes `legal literacy`, which in turn means that the citizemy (or at least a reasonable portion of it) is capable of understanding what the law says. Hence, the law must speak in a language the people understand. Only then can they reasonably be expected to generally conduct themselves in accordance with the law

The presentation of claims in matrimonial proceedings in Tanzania:: A problem of language and legal culture.

As a system that deals with social ordering, the law is very much a function of words, i. e. of language. Language is one of the most effective ways of communicating. One of the most cardinal principles of the common law criminal system is constituted in the maxim ignorantia juris non excusat (ignorance of the law is no excuse). In conformity with this principle, Tanzania`s Penal Code, the basic criminal law statute, assumes that everybody knows the law. Knowledge of the law presupposes `legal literacy`, which in turn means that the citizemy (or at least a reasonable portion of it) is capable of understanding what the law says. Hence, the law must speak in a language the people understand. Only then can they reasonably be expected to generally conduct themselves in accordance with the law