Regional Calibration Centers for Dobson and Brewer in Europe : a joint venture for highest quality in monitoring the ozone layer

Póster presentado en: Quadrennial Ozone Symposium 2012 celebrado del 27 al 31 de agosto de 2012 en Toronto, Canad

Emerging roles of calcium-activated K channels and TRPV4 channels in lung oedema and pulmonary circulatory collapse

It has been suggested that the transient receptor potential cation (TRP) channel subfamily V (vanilloid) type 4 (TRPV4) and intermediate conductance calcium-activated potassium (KCa3.1) channels contribute to endothelium-dependent vasodilation. Here, we summarize very recent evidence for a synergistic interplay of TRPV4 and KCa3.1 channels in lung disease. Among the endothelial Ca2+-permeable TRPs, TRPV4 is best characterized and produces arterial dilation by stimulating Ca2+-dependent nitric oxide synthesis and endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization. Besides these roles, some TRP channels control endothelial/epithelial barrier functions and vascular integrity, while KCa3.1 channels provide the driving force required for Cl- and water transport in some cells and most secretory epithelia. The three conditions, increased pulmonary venous pressure caused by left heart disease, high inflation pressure and chemically induced lung injury, may lead to activation of TRPV4 channels followed by Ca2+ influx leading to activation of KCa3.1 channels in endothelial cells ultimately leading to acute lung injury. We find that a deficiency in KCa3.1 channels protects against TRPV4-induced pulmonary arterial relaxation, fluid extravasation, haemorrhage, pulmonary circulatory collapse and cardiac arrest in vivo. These data identify KCa3.1 channels as crucial molecular components in downstream TRPV4 signal transduction and as a potential target for the prevention of undesired fluid extravasation, vasodilatation and pulmonary circulatory collapse

CEOS Intercalibration of Ground-Based Spectrometers and Lidars: First Progress Report

This document reports on activities and achievements obtained during the first part of the ESA CEOS Intercalibration project. The period covered extends from March 2009 until December 2009.This document is the first progress report of the CEOS Intercalibration of Ground-Based Spectrometers and Lidars project. It summarizes activities performed and results achieved within each team

Seventh Intercomparison Campaign of the Regional Brewer Calibration Center Europe (RBCC-E): Lichtklimatisches Observatorium, Arosa, Switzerland, 16-27 July 2012

This seventh intercomparison campaign was a joint exercise of the Regional Dobson Calibration Center for Europe (RDCC–E), the Regional Brewer Calibration Center for Europe (RBCC–E) and the Physikalisch-Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos - World Radiation Center (PMOD-WRC) in collaboration with the Arosa Lichtklimatisches Observatorium (LKO) of MeteoSwiss during the period from 16 to 27 July 2012. Nine Brewer spectroradiometers together with four Dobson instruments and the QASUME unit, managed by 18 experts from six countries participated in the campaign

Optical characterisation of three reference Dobsons in the ATMOZ Project – verification of G. M. B. Dobson's original specifications

Laboratory investigations of optical characteristics of three standard Dobsons provide real wavelength settings and slit functions. These parameters were compared with the original values given in the manuals. The differences between real and nominal values are not too large, but their application will in any case improve the quality of the total ozone column measurements in the global network. This improvement was the main objective of the ATMOZ project funding these activities.This work has been supported by the European Metrology Research Programme (EMRP) within the joint research project EMRP ENV59 ATMOZ “Traceability for atmospheric total column ozone”. The EMRP is jointly funded by the EMRP participating countries within EURAMET and the European Union

CEOS Intercalibration of Ground-Based Spectrometers and Lidars: Final Report

The ESA CEOS Intercalibration project concentrated on important calibration activities addressing three key components of the ground-based network ground-truthing capacity in Europe, namely the Dobson/Brewer network of ozone spectrophotometers, the aerosol lidar EARLINET network and the UV-Vis MAXDOAS technique for air quality remote-sensing. This document summarizes activities and achievements during the third part of the ESA CEOS Intercalibration project. The period covered by this report extends from February 2012 until October 2012

CEOS Intercalibration of Ground-Based Spectrometers and Lidars: Second Progress Report

This document summarizes activities and achievements during the second part of the ESA CEOS Intercalibration project. The period covered by this report extends from February 2011 until January 2012

Characterization of Dobsons instruments within EMRP ATMOZ Project

Presentación realizada en: ATMOZ workshop at 11th RBCC-E, celebrado en El Arenosillo, Huelva, el 1 de junio de 2017

Detecting volcanic sulfur dioxide plumes in the Northern Hemisphere using the Brewer spectrophotometer, other networks, and satellite observations

This paper demonstrates that SO 2 columnar amounts have significantly increased following the five largest volcanic eruptions of the past decade in the Northern Hemisphere. A strong positive signal was detected by all the existing networks either ground based (Brewer, EARLINET, AirBase) or from satellites (OMI, GOME-2). The study particularly examines the adequacy of the existing Brewer network to detect SO 2 plumes of volcanic origin in comparison to other networks and satellite platforms. The comparison with OMI and 45 GOME-2 SO 2 space-borne retrievals shows statistically significant agreement between the Brewer network data and the collocated satellite overpasses. It is shown that the Brewer instrument is capable of detecting significant columnar SO 2 increases following large volcanic eruptions, when SO 2 levels rise well above the instrumental noise of daily observations, estimated to be of the order of 2 DU. A model exercise from the MACC project shows that the large increases of SO 2 over Europe following the Bárðarbunga eruption in Iceland were not caused by local sources or ship emissions but are clearly linked to the eruption. We propose that by combining Brewer data with that from other networks and satellites, a useful tool aided by trajectory analyses and modeling could be created which can be used to forecast high SO 2 values both at ground level and in air flight corridors following future eruptions