Hubungan Antara Kecanduan Smartphone Dengan Kualitas Tidur Peserta Didik Smp Negeri 12 Dumoga

Kualitas tidur merupakan suatu kepuasan seseorang terhadap tidur sehingga seseorang tidak memperlihatkan rasa lelah. Kualitas tidur terbagi menjadi dua bagian, yaitu kualitas tidur baik dan kualitas tidur buruk. Kualitas tidur baik jika seseorang dapat tidur dengan puas, segar saat bangun pagi, tidak mengantuk pada siang hari, dan tidur dengan jumlah kebutuhan tidur berdasarkan usia. Sedangkan seseorang dengan kualitas tidur buruk mengalami kebalikan dengan kualitas tidur baik, jika semua atau beberapa faktor kualitas tidur yang baik tidak normal atau mengalami gangguan, maka itu termasuk kualitas tidur buruk. Orang yang kecanduan akan smartphone dan internet memiliki efek yang buruk bagi seseorang karena mereka cenderung minim dalam berktivitas fisik serta lebih memilih menghabiskan waktu untuk memainkan smartphone. Bukan hanya itu, mereka cenderung tidak memperhatikan kesehatannya juga.Guna mengetahui hubungan antara kecanduan smartphone dengan kualitas tidur peserta didik SMP N 12 Dumoga. Dalam penelitian ini metode yang dipakai yaitu survey analitik menggunakan desain penelitian cross sectional. Pelaksanannya di bulan Maret-Agustus 2021. Pada penelitian ini populasinya ialah seluruh peserta didik SMP Negeri 12 Dumoga serta jumlah sampelnya yaitu 100 siswa menggunakan metode proportional random sampling. Analisis yang dipakai adalah analisis univariat dan analisis bivariat menggunakan uji statistik Chi Squre dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95% (α = 0.05). Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan dari variabel kecanduan smartphone (P Value) <0,003. Kesimpulannya diperoleh adanya hubungan antara antara kecanduan Smartphone dengan kualitas tidur peserta didik SMP Negeri 12 Dumoga. Kata Kunci: Kecanduan Smartphone, Kualitas Tidur. ABSTRACTSleep quality is a person's satisfaction with sleep so that a person does not show fatigue. Sleep quality is divided into two parts, namely good sleep quality and bad sleep quality. Sleep quality is good if a person can sleep with satisfaction, fresh when he wakes up in the morning, not sleepy during the day, and sleep with the amount of sleep needs based on age. Whereas someone with poor sleep quality experiences the opposite with good sleep quality if all or some of the factors of good sleep quality are abnormal or disturbed, then it includes poor sleep quality. People who are addicted to smartphones and the internet have a bad effect on someone because they tend to be minimal in physical activity and prefer to spend time playing smartphones. Not only that, they tend not to pay attention to their health as well. To find out the relationship between smartphone addiction and the sleep quality of students at SMP N 12 Dumoga In this study the method used is an analytical survey using a cross sectional research design. The implementation will be in March-August 2021. In this study, the population was all students of SMP Negeri 12 Dumoga and the number of samples was 100 students using the proportional random sampling method. The analysis used is univariate analysis and bivariate analysis using Chi Square statistical test with 95% confidence level (α = 0.05). The results obtained from the smartphone addiction variable (P Value) <0.003. The conclusion is that there is a relationship between smartphone addiction and the sleep quality of students at SMP Negeri 12 Dumoga. Keywords: Smartphone Addiction, Sleep Quality

Recent Developments and Characterization Techniques in 3D printing of Corneal Stroma Tissue

Corneal stroma has a significant function in normal visual function. The corneal stroma is vulnerable because of being the thickest part of the cornea, as it can be affected easily by infections or injuries. Any problems on corneal stroma can result in blindness. Donor shortage for corneal transplantation is one of the main issues in corneal transplantation. To address this issue, the corneal tissue engineering focuses on replacing injured tissues and repairing normal functions. Currently, there are no available, engineered corneal tissues for widely accepted routine clinical treatment, but new emerging 3D printing applications are being recognized as a promising option. Recent in vitro researches revealed that the biocompatibility and regeneration possessions of 3D-printed hydrogels outperformed conventional tissue engineering approaches. The goal of this review is to highlight the current developments in the characterization of 3D cell-free and bioprinted hydrogels

A novel approach to treat the Thiel-Behnke corneal dystrophy using 3D printed honeycomb-shaped polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)/Vancomycin (VAN) scaffolds

Thiel-Behnke corneal dystrophy, or honeycomb corneal dystrophy, is an autosomal dominant corneal disorder. Tissue engineering can be a novel approach to regenerate this dystrophy. In this study, the honeycomb geometry of the dystrophy mimicked with a 3D printing technology, and 40% PMMA, 40% PMMA/(0.1, 0.5, 2, and 10)% VAN scaffolds were fabricated with honeycomb geometry. As a result of the biocompatibility test with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), it can be said that cells on the scaffolds showed high viability and proliferation for all incubation periods. According to the antibacterial activity results, the 40% PMMA/10% VAN showed antibacterial activity against S. aureous. Mechanical results reported that with the addition of VAN into the 40% PMMA, the tensile strength value increased up to 2% VAN amount. The swelling behaviours of the scaffolds were examined in vitro, and found that the swelling rate increased with a high VAN amount. The release of VAN from the scaffolds showed sustained release behaviour, and it took 13 days to be released entirely from the scaffolds

3D printing of PVA/hexagonal boron nitride/bacterial cellulose composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

In this study, a novel Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)/Hexagonal Boron Nitride (hBN)/Bacterial Cellulose (BC) composite, bone tissue scaffolds were fabricated using 3D printing technology. The printed scaffolds were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), tensile testing, swelling behaviour, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and in vitro cell culture assay. Results demonstrated that bacterial cellulose addition affected the characteristic properties of the blends. Morphological studies revealed the homogenous dispersion of the bacterial cellulose within the 12 wt%PVA/0.25 wt%hBN matrix. Tensile strength of the scaffolds was decreased with the incorporation of BC and 12 wt%PVA/0.25 wt%hBN/0.5 wt%BC had the highest elongation at break value (93%). A significant increase in human osteoblast cell viability on 3D scaffolds was observed for 12 wt%PVA/0.25 wt%hBN/0.5 wt%BC. Cell morphology on composite scaffolds showed that bacterial cellulose doped scaffolds appeared to adhere to the cells. The present work deduced that bacterial cellulose doped 3D printed scaffolds with well-defined porous structures have considerable potential as a suitable tissue scaffold for bone tissue engineering (BTE)

3D printed Artificial Cornea for Corneal Stromal Transplantation

The aim of this study is to understand the optical, biocompatible, and mechanical properties of chitosan (CS) and polyvinyl-alcohol (PVA) based corneal stroma constructs using 3D printing process. Corneal stroma is tested for biocompatibility with human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASCs). Physico-chemical and chemical characterization of the construct was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Optical transmittance was analyzed using UV-Spectrophotometer. Results showed fabricated constructs have required shape and size. SEM images showed construct has thickness of 400 µm. The FTIR spectra demonstrated the presence of various predicted peaks. The swelling and degradation studies of 13%(wt)PVA and 13%(wt)PVA/(1, 3, 5)%(wt)CS showed to have high swelling ratios of 7 days and degradation times of 30 days, respectively. The light transmittance values of the fabricated cornea constructs decreased with CS addition slightly. Tensile strength values decreased with increasing CS ratio, but we found to support intraocular pressure (IOP) which ranges from 12 to 22 mm-Hg. Preliminary biostability studies showed that composite constructs were compatible with hASCs even after 30 days’ of degradation, showing potential for these cells to be differentiated to stroma layer in future. This study has implications for the rapid and custom fabrication of various cornea constructs for clinical applications

Production and characterization of elastomeric cardiac tissue-like patches for Myocardial Tissue Engineering

Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death. Damaged heart muscle is the etiology of heart failure. Heart failure is the most frequent cause of hospital and emergency room admissions. As a differentiated organ, current therapeutics and techniques can not repair or replace the damaged myocardial tissue. Myocardial tissue engineering is one of the promising treatment modalities for repairing damaged heart tissue in patients with heart failure. In this work, random Polylactic acid (PLA), Polylactic acid/Polyethylene glycol (PLA/PEG) and random and aligned Polylactic acid/Polyethylene glycol/Collagen (PLA/PEG/COL) nanofiber patches were successfully produced by the electrospinning technique. In vitro cytotoxic test (MTT), morphological (SEM), molecular interactions between the components (FT-IR), thermal analysis (DSC), tensile strength and physical analysis were carried out after production. The resulting nanofiber patches exhibited beadless and smooth structures. When the fiber diameters were examined, it was observed that the collagen doped random nanofiber patches had the lowest fiber diameter value (755 nm). Mechanical characterization results showed that aligned nanofiber patches had maximum tensile strength (5.90 MPa) values compared to PLA, PLA/PEG, and PLA/PEG/COL (random). In vitro degradation test reported that aligned patch had the highest degradation ratio. The produced patches displayed good alignment with tissue on cardiomyocyte cell morphology studies. In conclusion, newly produced patches have noticeable potential as a tissue-like cardiac patch for regeneration efforts after myocardial infarction

3D Printing of Gelatine/Alginate/β-Tricalcium Phosphate Composite Constructs for Bone Tissue Engineering

Bone tissue engineering studies have brought three-dimensional scaffolds into focus that can provide tissue regeneration with designed porosity and strengthened structure. Current research has concentrated on the fabrication of natural and synthetic polymer-based complex structures that closely mimic biological tissues due to their superior biocompatibility and biodegradabilities. Gelatine/Sodium Alginate hydrogels reinforced with different concentrations of beta-Tricalcium Phosphate (TCP) (10, 13, and 15 wt.%) were studied to form 3D bone tissue. Physical, mechanical, chemical, morphological properties and biodegradability of the constructs were investigated. Furthermore, in vitro biological assay with human osteosarcoma cell line (SAOS-2) was performed to determine the biocompatibility of the constructs. It is found that cell viability rates for all constructs were increased and maximum cell viability rate was attained for 20%Gelatine/2%Alginate/10%TCP (wt.). The present work demonstrates that 3D printed Gelatine/Alginate/TCP constructs with porous structures are potential candidates for bone tissue engineering applications