モモのさし木繁殖に関する基礎的研究 I : 体内養分と発根との関係(農学部門)

モモの優良台木育成に際し, 繁殖技術としてさし木繁殖が有用であると考え, さし木繁殖に関する基礎的資料を得るため, 栽培品種を供試して, さし木適期, さし穂貯蔵条件および休眠枝ざしにおける体内養分の変化について検討した。季節的発根能力は6月および12月から1月にかけて成績良好であり, 体内C/N率も同時期において高いことが認められた。休眠枝貯蔵中には貯蔵期間が長くなるに従い, 一般に炭水化物の減少がみられ, 特にでん粉の減少が顕著であった。冷蔵は砂貯蔵より炭水化物の減少に及ぼす影響が大きかった。窒素は貯蔵期間中, 大きな変化は認められなかった。休眠枝ざしの発根率は大久保, 白桃において65.0%, 58.8%であったが, 白鳳は発根に至らなかった。白鳳では置床後の萌芽率が高いのが注目された。置床期間中, 体内C/N率は置床前半でさし穂の基部側が高い傾向があったが, 品種間では白鳳のC/N率が最も少ないのが他2品種と比べて特異であった。Recently, there have been interesting aspect about dwarfing rootstocks for peach as well as apple. Concerning with the propagation of such superior peach rootstocks containing the rootstocks which are resistant to root-knot species of nematode, the propagation by cuttings would be expected as available method. In this study, some experiments were made to obtain the fundamental informations for cuttings of peach. Among all seasons tried, the rooting ability was high in cuttings planted in June and in December-January, and it was also found that C/N ratio was high in scion of peach at the same season. The total carbohydrate contents in scion generally decreased according as storage continued, especially starch contents remarkable. The decrease in total carbohydrate contents was affected more markedly by refrigeration than by stratification with sand. The nitrogen contents remained relatively constant during planting period, though with some increase at the latter term. A rooting of 65.0% and 58.8% was obtained with \u27Okubo\u27 and \u27Hakuto\u27 cuttings respectively. In contrast, none of \u27Hakuho\u27 cuttings produced roots. High percentage of the sprouting in \u27Hakuho\u27 cuttings was observed at the first stage of planting period. It seems tendentious that C/N ratio in basal stem of cuttings showed higher value than in upper stem. Comparing with rooted \u27Okubo\u27, \u27Hakuto\u27 and non-rooted \u27Hakuho\u27, the latter had less C/N ratio

Grounds for learning : an exploration of the urban school landscape

The primary intent of this thesis is to demonstrate how the schoolyard, through physical diversification focusing on a three-fold paradigmatic framework, can become a significant educational environment able to support the physical, cognitive and developmental skills in children. Research is used as a tool to inform and support the designs. Discussed in the first two sections are the history and evolution of school grounds, play and the environment, the effects of place-identity on self-identity, as well as the power of place in pedagogy. The design framework is supported by precedent studies, intending to reflect the design principles, programs, ideas and values of the ecological, curriculum-based and narrative landscape design layers. The final master plan design is an amalgamation of these three layers, representing an educational setting that will foster a dynamic interchange between children and their milieu.Applied Science, Faculty ofArchitecture and Landscape Architecture (SALA), School ofGraduat

Post-war Japanese immigrants in Canada : job transferability, work, and social participation

The primary objective of this thesis is to explain differences in participation of post-war Japanese immigrants in voluntary organisations and in the network of personal affiliations. Among the conditions to be considered which are expected to influence social participation will be (1) the immigrant's accomplishments and experiences during the initial period of residence in Canada, (2) characteristics which the immigrants brought with them from Japan, and (3) the immigrant's social interaction at work. The various factors considered to be important in the initial employment seeking process of the Japanese immigrants are contained under the rubric of "Job transferability" and a descriptive account of the immigrant's social contact networks prior to emigration, the immigrant's occupational skill level, oral English ability, Job availability in Canada, and the professional certification requirements of the job are provided. These determinants of job transferability are then examined in terms of the immigrant's later employment profile. The differences in the conditions of work in Canada and in Japan, and the various forms of technical constraint on the job are discussed in relation to their effect on the immigrant's social interaction on the Job. Subsequently, the effect of social interaction on the job on the employee's life away from the work environment is described. The research survey was designed to be representative of the post-war Japanese immigrants which consisted of the yobiyose (sponsored Immigrants) and the gi jutsu imin (technical immigrants) who had entered Canada since the promulgation of the 1952 Immigration Act. A random sample of survey respondents were selected from a list of post-war Japanese immigrants who resided in the Vancouver and Lower Mainland areas. The data analysis consisted of percentage comparisons between (1) various forms of constraint and the immigrant's social interaction at work, and (2) social Interaction on the job and participation in voluntary associations and other activities. Our study revealed that the highest percentage of immigrants with membership in professional associations, trade unions, and trade associations consisted of those who secured immediate employment in the same occupation as that held in Japan. With the exception of membership in church and other religious group activities, the highest percentage of immigrants who were members of social groups and clubs were also those who secured immediate employment in the same occupation as that held prior to emigration. Participation in the network of personal affiliations such as family and friendship networks, and in activities by self such as reading and studying, consisted more of immigrants who were still in the process of adjustment and who required household essentials to be purchased than of immigrants who were able to participate in other forms of social activities that required financial resources. Our finding also illustrated the priority given by the immigrant to purchase essential household goods over participation in voluntary associations and in activities that required money. For further research, it is suggested that consideration be given to the changing Japanese values and customs as they relate to the importance placed on traditional social relationships in Japan and later in the Canadian society.Arts, Faculty ofSociology, Department ofGraduat

Aspects of modernization in Japan : the adaptive and transformation processes of late Tokugawa society

The main task of this study was to examine the proposition that the modernization processes of Japan had commenced during the late Tokugawa period (1804-1867) and that the impetus to social change was not concentrated solely in the post-Meiji Restoration (1868) period. A survey of contemporary literature on modernization enabled us to select a suitable working definition of modernization. For analytical purposes, modernization was defined in terms of the adaptive and reforming efforts by the late Tokugawa ideologues. The definition implied nothing specific about the component processes involved and this permitted us to be free in selecting the component actions within the modernization process. The study of the adaptive and transformation processes consisted of an analysis of five biographies written in Japanese and representative of the ideologues of the late Tokugawa period. For our investigation, the method of content analysis was employed. This allowed the extraction of desired data according to explicitly formulated and systematic rules. The coding scheme employed to analyze the biographical material was designed taking into account our basic proposition. The process of assigning extracted data into the appropriate categories consisted of a dichotomization process whereby the data was recorded in mutually exclusive categories. The interpretative categories selected for content analysis were not based on a specific theory purporting to explain certain aspects of social change but it suggested a model which lent clarity to the study of the linkage between causal forces (societal conditions and formative factors) and the ideologue’s structures of activities. In this model, the underlying assumption was that the causal forces were linked to the observable variations by the ideologue's attitudes, orientations, and concepts. This assumption was supported by the data and the structure of activities gave rise to patterns which tended to be similar although the structural processes themselves varied from ideologue to ideologue. On the basis of our investigation, we concluded that the data obtained from the content analysis of five biographies supported our proposition that the adaptive and transformation processes of modern Japan established their roots during the late Tokugawa period and that the impetus to social change was not concentrated solely in the post Meiji Restoration period.Arts, Faculty ofAsian Studies, Department ofGraduat