Validation of rapid, molecular testing for COVID-19 and integration with TB diagnostics

COVID-19 and tuberculosis (TB) are currently the top two infectious diseases by mortality. Universally, personnel and financial resources from existing disease control programs have been diverted to the COVID-19 response. For TB, this has resulted in a steep decline in case notifications, and, for the first time since 2015, annual mortality increased. Strategies to simultaneously address both diseases could help recover missing TB cases and ensure people suffering from either disease receive appropriate care. We have undertaken two initiatives towards integrating testing for COVID-19 and TB in Lima, Peru. First, we investigated rapid testing for COVID-19 and TB in one clinical encounter using a molecular multi-disease testing platform that is available through Peru. Second, we are evaluating the use of cough classification artificial intelligence models, with data collected using a smartphone. Clinical and qualitative aspects of the intervention are being assessed. The findings from our studies will likely be generalizable to other urban settings with high TB burdens

Making cough count in tuberculosis care

Cough assessment is central to the clinical management of respiratory diseases, including tuberculosis (TB), but strategies to objectively and unobtrusively measure cough are lacking. Acoustic epidemiology is an emerging field that uses technology to detect cough sounds and analyze cough patterns to improve health outcomes among people with respiratory conditions linked to cough. This field is increasingly exploring the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) for more advanced applications, such as analyzing cough sounds as a biomarker for disease screening. While much of the data are preliminary, objective cough assessment could potentially transform disease control programs, including TB, and support individual patient management. Here, we present an overview of recent advances in this field and describe how cough assessment, if validated, could support public health programs at various stages of the TB care cascade

Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas sobre la enfermedad de Carrión en población rural de Ancash, Perú Knowledge, attitudes, and practices about Carrión's disease in rural Ancash, Peru

OBJETIVO: Evaluar el conocimiento, las prácticas y las actitudes sobre la enfermedad de Carrión (bartonelosis) en poblaciones rurales con antecedentes de brotes epidémicos. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal realizado en las poblaciones de Huaripampa, Orcosh y Opayaco (Ancash, Perú) durante el mes de julio del 2010, utilizando una encuesta para evaluar el conocimiento, las prácticas y las actitudes sobre la enfermedad de Carrión. Se entrevistó solo a mayores de 18 años que tuviesen una antigüedad mínima de un año residiendo en esos poblados. RESULTADOS: Se realizaron encuestas a un total de 276 pobladores, de los cuales 36,6% fueron hombres y 72,5% no había oído hablar de la enfermedad de Carrión. Entre los que la conocían, la mayoría (38,7%) indicó que se contagia mediante picaduras, mientras que 26% manifestó no conocer la forma de contagio. Con respecto a las acciones que deberían tomarse en caso de presentar la enfermedad de Carrión, 69,3% de los encuestados refirieron que acudirían a un centro de salud y más de la mitad informó haber recomendado prácticas preventivas a familiares o conocidos en el pasado. CONCLUSIONES: A pesar de tratarse de comunidades históricamente afectadas por la enfermedad de Carrión, los pobladores de estas tres comunidades no mostraron un nivel adecuado de conocimientos, actitudes o prácticas para su prevención. En vista de ello, y teniendo en cuenta que este padecimiento ha presentado brotes cíclicos, se hace perentorio diseñar e implementar un programa que eduque a los habitantes de estos poblados -poniendo el foco en el papel de los usos y costumbres- sobre cómo prevenir la enfermedad de Carrión, así como el resto de las principales enfermedades endémicas de la región.OBJECTIVE: To assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices about Carrión's disease (bartonellosis) in rural communities with a history of epidemic outbreaks. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey study was conducted in the communities of Huaripampa, Orcosh, and Opayaco (Ancash, Peru) in July 2010, to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices about Carrión's disease. Interviewees were aged >18 years and had resided in the community for at least one year. RESULTS: A total of 276 residents were surveyed; 36.6% were men, and 72.5% had not heard of Carrión's disease. Of those familiar with it, most (38.7%) said that it spreads through bites, and 26% did not know how it spreads. Regarding actions to take if Carrión's disease develops, 69.3% of respondents said they would go to a health center and over half reported having recommended preventive practices to relatives or acquaintances in the past. CONCLUSIONS: Even though these three communities have a history of Carrión's disease, their inhabitants did not demonstrate adequate knowledge, attitudes, or practices for preventing it. In view of this, and given that this illness has cyclical outbreaks, it is imperative to design and implement a program to educate residents of these communities-focusing on the role of habits and customs-about how to prevent Carrión's disease, as well as the region's other main endemic diseases

Proyecto de investigación docente. Compendio 2018

El Vicerrectorado de Investigación, se complace en presentar el documento Proyectos de Investigación Docente – Compendio 2018, que contiene un Resumen y conclusiones de los Trabajos de Investigación realizados por los docentes de la Universidad César Vallejo con el apoyo y financiamiento de la Universidad mediante los Fondos Concursables. La sociedad demanda de las universidades soluciones urgentes a los problemas que la aqueja mediante la I+D+i con la finalidad de contribuir al avance científico y tecnológico del país. Este Compendio, recopila el resumen de los 47 Proyectos de Investigación, los cuales se encuentran agrupados por Líneas de Investigación para una mejor guía en la búsqueda de los Proyectos. Este documento es una herramienta importante para la Universidad César Vallejo en la difusión y divulgación de la Ciencia, Desarrollo Tecnológico y propuestas de innovación de los docentes ante las demandas de la sociedad. Con esto, estamos contribuyendo, por una parte, a la visibilidad de la investigación y ofreciendo a la comunidad universitaria el trabajo realizado por nuestros investigadores, quienes se sienten complacidos de aportar a la construcción y avance de la ciencia. Anualmente la Universidad César Vallejo, destina un fondo de su presupuesto para financiar los proyectos de investigación de los docentes, que hoy podemos tener acceder mediante su resumen ejecutivo en este compendio. Se invita a la comunidad en general interesada en ampliar información relacionada con los resultados y mayor alcance de las investigaciones aquí reseñadas, contactar con los autores directamente, quienes estarán dispuestos compartir sus apreciaciones

Evaluación de proyectos de inversión privada - AF131 201801

Curso general de la Facultad de Negocios, de carácter teórico-práctico dirigido a los estudiantes de séptimo ciclo, que busca desarrollar las competencias generales de Razonamiento Cuantitativo y de Manejo de Información. Este curso permite al estudiante desarrollar criterios sólidos, necesarios para la toma de decisiones de inversión utilizando la evaluación de proyectos como una herramienta de apoyo financiero a estas decisiones gerenciales. La evaluación de proyectos de inversión es una herramienta financiera que ayuda a resolver de manera eficiente la asignación de los recursos escasos en las organizaciones

Correction to: International prospective observational cohort study of Zika in infants and pregnancy (ZIP study): study protocol

Submitted by Raphael Belchior ([email protected]) on 2020-04-02T14:11:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CRIS-IGM - IAM - IFF - Correction to International prospective observational.pdf: 200493 bytes, checksum: eaf9fa851765899cd56883a5e128bb4e (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Raphael Belchior ([email protected]) on 2020-04-02T14:14:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CRIS-IGM - IAM - IFF - Correction to International prospective observational.pdf: 200493 bytes, checksum: eaf9fa851765899cd56883a5e128bb4e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2020-04-02T14:14:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CRIS-IGM - IAM - IFF - Correction to International prospective observational.pdf: 200493 bytes, checksum: eaf9fa851765899cd56883a5e128bb4e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019Social, Statistical and Environmental Sciences, RTI International, Durham, NC, USA.Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis.Centro Nacional de Diagnostico y Referencia, Complejo Nacional de Salud, Managua, Nicaragua.Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Presidência. Centro de Relações Internacionais em Saúde. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundación para la Alimentación y Nutrición de Centro América y Panamá (INCAP), Guatemala City, Guatemala.Section of Nutrition, Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.Section of Nutrition, Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Departmento de Virologia e Terapias Experimentais. Recife, PE, Brasil / School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.Director of Research Institute at Imbanaco Medical Center, Cali, Colombia.Social, Statistical and Environmental Sciences, RTI International, Durham, NC, USA.Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde (PPGCS) da Universidade de Pernambuco, Microcephaly Epidemic Research Group, Recife, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt and Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.Department of Epidemiology, Harvard Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.Social, Statistical and Environmental Sciences, RTI International, Durham, NC, USA.Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt and Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico.Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico.Maternal-Infant Studies Center (CEMI), San Juan, Puerto Rico.Following publication of the original article [1], the author mentioned that two additional NIH staff were involved in the development of the protocol who did not receive recognition in the Acknowledgments section in their published article

International prospective observational cohort study of Zika in infants and pregnancy (ZIP study): study protocol

Submitted by Raphael Belchior ([email protected]) on 2020-04-02T13:47:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CRIS-IGM - IAM - IFF - International prospective observational.pdf: 600810 bytes, checksum: 8e0c7389346277503afb09ceb41010da (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Raphael Belchior ([email protected]) on 2020-04-02T14:05:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CRIS-IGM - IAM - IFF - International prospective observational.pdf: 600810 bytes, checksum: 8e0c7389346277503afb09ceb41010da (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2020-04-02T14:05:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CRIS-IGM - IAM - IFF - International prospective observational.pdf: 600810 bytes, checksum: 8e0c7389346277503afb09ceb41010da (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019Social, Statistical and Environmental Sciences, RTI International, Durham, NC, USA.Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis.Centro Nacional de Diagnostico y Referencia, Complejo Nacional de Salud, Managua, Nicaragua.Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Presidência. Centro de Relações Internacionais em Saúde. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundación para la Alimentación y Nutrición de Centro América y Panamá (INCAP), Guatemala City, Guatemala.Section of Nutrition, Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.Section of Nutrition, Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Aggeu Magalhães. Departmento de Virologia e Terapias Experimentais. Recife, PE, Brasil / School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.Director of Research Institute at Imbanaco Medical Center, Cali, Colombia.Social, Statistical and Environmental Sciences, RTI International, Durham, NC, USA.Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde (PPGCS) da Universidade de Pernambuco, Microcephaly Epidemic Research Group, Recife, Brazil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt and Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.Department of Infectious Diseases, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.Department of Epidemiology, Harvard Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.Social, Statistical and Environmental Sciences, RTI International, Durham, NC, USA.Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt and Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico.Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico.Maternal-Infant Studies Center (CEMI), San Juan, Puerto Rico.Until recently, Zika virus (ZIKV) infections were considered mild and self-limiting. Since 2015, they have been associated with an increase in microcephaly and other birth defects in newborns. While this association has been observed in case reports and epidemiological studies, the nature and extent of the relationship between ZIKV and adverse pregnancy and pediatric health outcomes is not well understood. With the unique opportunity to prospectively explore the full spectrum of issues related to ZIKV exposure during pregnancy, we undertook a multi-country, prospective cohort study to evaluate the association between ZIKV and pregnancy, neonatal, and infant outcomes