326 research outputs found
Lessons From India in Organizational Innovation: A Tale of Two Heart Hospitals
Recent discussions in health reform circles have pinned great hopes on the prospect of innovation as the solution to the high-cost, inadequate-quality U.S. health system. But U.S. health care institutions--insurers, providers and specialists--have ceded leadership in innovation to Indian hospitals such as Care Hospital in Hyderabad and the Fortis Hospitals around New Delhi, which have U.S.-trained doctors and can perform open heart surgery for 100,000 in the United States). The Indian success is a window into America\u27s stalemate with inflating costs and stagnant innovation
Sequence Similarity between Genetic Codes using Improved Longest Common Subsequence Algorithm
Finding the sequence similarity between two genetic codes is an important problem in computational biology. In this paper, we developed an efficient algorithm to find sequence similarity between genetic codes using longest common subsequence algorithm. The algorithm takes the advantages over the edit distance algorithm and improves the performance. The proposed algorithm is tested on randomly generated DNA sequence and finding the exact DNA sequence comparison. The DNA genetic code sequence comparison can be used to discover information such as evolutionary divergence and ways to apply genetic codes from one DNA sequence to another sequence
Melanocytes are selectively vulnerable to UVA-mediated bystander oxidative signaling.
Long-wave UVA is the major component of terrestrial UV radiation and is also the predominant constituent of indoor sunlamps, both of which have been shown to increase cutaneous melanoma risk. Using a two-chamber model, we show that UVA-exposed target cells induce intercellular oxidative signaling to non-irradiated bystander cells. This UVA-mediated bystander stress is observed between all three cutaneous cell types (i.e., keratinocytes, melanocytes, and fibroblasts). Significantly, melanocytes appear to be more resistant to direct UVA effects compared with keratinocytes and fibroblasts, although melanocytes are also more susceptible to bystander oxidative signaling. The extensive intercellular flux of oxidative species has not been previously appreciated and could possibly contribute to the observed cancer risk associated with prolonged UVA exposure
Thinking beyond the colon-small bowel Involvement in clostridium difficile infection
Small intestinal Clostridium difficile seems to be increasing in incidence. The spectrum of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has definitely expanded with small bowel involvement. They are more frequently reported in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) who have undergone total colectomy or patients with Ileal anal pouch anastomosis. The most common presentation is increased ileostomy output with associated dehydration. High clinical suspicion, early recognition and appropriate treatment are the keys to successful resolution. The increase in the number of these patients may actually reflect an increase in the rising incidence of CDI in general or increasing virulence of the organism. Heightened public awareness and initiation of prompt preventive measures are the keystones to control of this infection. This disease is no longer limited to the colon and physicians should be educated to think beyond the colon in patients with CDI
Review on Type-2 fuzzy in biomedicine
Application of physiological and biological ethics to clinical practice is called medical science or Bio-medicine. This branch includes biochemistry, molecular biology, biological engineering neuro science, immunology, pathology and other life science applied to medicine. In this paper, a review has been done for creating a new path and motivation in this field for the new researchers as an application of fuzzy logic in life science areas. Since medical field has uncertainty in nature this topic will be very useful for the future researc
Report on swimbladder disorder in the honeycomb grouper, Epinephelus merra
Swimbladder or airbladder is a thin layered
epithelial sac filled with air, lying above the alimentary
canal of bony fishes that regulates buoyancy of the fish
so that the specific gravity of the fish always matches
the depth at which it is swimming. Swimbladder disorder
(SBD) is a condition caused by sudden temperature
changes impacted stomach resulting from improper
feeding or due to bacterial or viral infections of the
bladder characterised by inability of the fish to keep a
normal upright position in water. Normally gold fishes
suffer from SBD due to their globoid body shape. Fish
with SBD may float on their side or their back, swim in
circles or take head-down posture
Antibacterial activity of aqueous extract from selected macroalgae of southwest coast of India
Aqueous extract of seven species of marine macroalgae were screened for their antimicrobial
potency against ten pathogenic bacterial strains. Ulva fasciata, Gracilaria corticata, Sargassum
wightii and Padina tetrastromatica showed significantly higher activity against 70% of the
tested bacterial isolates. The maximum zone of inhibition was noted for the red alga G.corticata
against Proteus mirabilis (17mm) and brown alga P. tetrastromatica against the pathogens
Staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio harveyi (15mm). The general trend of inhibitory activity
was higher towards Gram negative bacteria
Economic effects of prolonged clopidogrel therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention
ObjectivesThis study examined the incremental cost-effectiveness of extending clopidogrel therapy from one month to one year after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in an unselected, heterogeneous patient population.BackgroundClinical trials suggest that prolonging clopidogrel therapy for up to one year after PCI reduces downstream cardiac events. However, clopidogrel therapy is costly and may increase bleeding risk.MethodsUsing decision analysis, we compared the outcomes and cost of prolonging clopidogrel treatment from one month to one year after PCI with the alternative strategy of discontinuing therapy one month after the procedure. Event rates were based on 3,976 PCI patients who were treated between January 1999 and December 2001 at the Duke Medical Center and received no more than one month of clopidogrel after the procedure. Baseline characteristics and event rates were obtained from Duke clinical information systems. The effect of prolonged clopidogrel therapy on event rates was based on the Clopidogrel for the Reduction of Events During Observation (CREDO) trial per-protocol data. Unit costs and the effect of myocardial infarction (MI) on life expectancy were based on published sources.ResultsExtending clopidogrel therapy from one month to one year after PCI cost 15,696 per year of life saved. Economic attractiveness of therapy varied with baseline risk, the effect of prolonged therapy on MI risk, and the price of clopidogrel.ConclusionsProlonging clopidogrel therapy for one year after PCI is economically attractive, particularly in high-risk patients
Polymicrobial skin lesions in the red spot emperor, Lethrinus lentjan (Lacepede 1802) during mass incursion towards shore along Kanyakumari coast, south India
Mass incursion of fishes with polymicrobial skin lesions, fin erosions and scale loss was recorded in the red spot emperor
Lethrinus lentjan (Lacepede 1802) along the Kanyakumari coast, south India during August 2009. An estimated 2.5 t of fish,
mostly the red spot emperors were found to migrate in live condition to the shore areas in a stressful state. Microbiological
analyses of tissue from sampled fishes revealed three distinct types of bacterial colonies forming 5.2 x 105 CFU g-1 of the
infected tissues. The predominant bacterial colonies were characterized as Aeromonas sp. (70.0%) followed by Flavobacterium
sp. (20%) and Vibrio sp. (10%). The Aeromonas isolate was highly susceptible to norfloxacin while the Flavobacterium and
Vibrio isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol. The Aeromonas and Vibrio isolates exhibited protease and amylase
enzyme activities in vitro, suggesting their possible role in the progression of skin lesions and scale loss. The possibilities of
ambient unknown stressors weakening the fish and subsequent infections by these bacterial isolates are discussed
Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma : Cytogenetics and pathological findings
Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) is a rare neoplasm with a non-specific and insidious presentation further complicated by the difficult diagnostic and therapeutic assessment. It has a low to intermediate risk of recurrence and metastasis. Unlike other soft tissue sarcomas or histiocytic and dendritic cell neoplasms, cytogenetic studies are very limited in FDCS cases. Although no specific chromosomal marker has yet been established, complex aberrations and different ploidy types have been documented. We report the case of a 39-yearold woman with FDCS who presented to the Sultan Qaboos University Hospital in Muscat, Oman, in February 2013. Ultrastructural, immunophenotypical and histological findings are reported. In addition, karyotypic findings showed deletions of the chromosomes 1p, 3q, 6q, 7q, 8q and 11q. To the best of the authorsтАЩ knowledge, these have not been reported previously in this tumour. Techniques such as spectral karyotyping may help to better characterise chromosomal abnormalities in this type of tumour
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