Educational Information Need of Undergraduate Music Students

Information is an important tool for realizing any objective or goal set by individuals, so it remains a vital force for any individual or organization. A set of information required by an information user to make the right decisions when confronted with an issue at any given time is referred to as information need. Undergraduate students\u27 information need ought to be identified so that libraries and information providers can redirect and improve their services to meet their information need. The purpose of this paper is to look into the educational information needs of undergraduate music students at public universities in southern Nigeria. For this study, a descriptive survey design was used, with a researcher-developed questionnaire distributed to 250 undergraduate music students. Results show that there was no statistically significant mean difference in the educational information need of male and female undergraduate music students at the universities studied. Additionally, this study revealed a non-statistically significant difference in the educational information need of undergraduate music students in first-two years and final years of study. The findings of this study indicate that information on all courses taught in the department and musical instruments mastery were the most frequently requested by undergraduate music students, at 98.8 percent and 80 percent respectively. These findings will be useful to librarians in identifying the educational information required by undergraduate music students and improving information sources to meet these students\u27 educational information need

Surgeons’ Disposition on the Use of Autologous Blood Transfusion in Tertiary Hospitals in Enugu, Nigeria

Background: The need for autologous blood transfusion in our tertiary hospitals to restore patients’ hemodynamics with little or no complications cannot be overemphasized. Aims: This study is aimed at assessing surgeons’ challenges and patients’ readiness to accept autologous blood transfusion. Materials and Methods: It was a cross‑sectional study conducted at Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, and National Orthopaedic Hospital, Enugu, from September to December 2020. A convenient sampling method was adopted in the distribution of questionnaires, and a total of 67 surgeons were enrolled in the study. Collated data were analyzed using SPSS software 21. Results: The study revealed that 60% of the respondents claimed that commercial donors were observed to be the major source of allogenic blood donation. Consequently, 34.3% and 80.6% of the respondents admitted that blood‑borne transmissible infections and blood transfusion reactions, respectively, were still a challenge in their practice. The outcome from this study also showed that 59% of the respondents claimed that their patients are not knowledgeable enough to make informed decision on the use of autologous blood transfusion while 52.4% of the respondents admitted that they do not have the facility for processing autologous blood transfusion. For the surgical specialties, all were willing to prescribe autologous blood transfusion for their patients, though no statistical difference (P < 0.05) exists among the specialties. Conclusion: Autologous blood transfusion has remained the mainstay as effective and safest means of blood transfusion in overall patient care; hence, surgeons should incorporate this concept into their practice to enable patients make an informed decision

Utilization of second opinion pathology consults by clinicians: a cross sectional study

Background: Pathology diagnosis is key to critical decision making in clinical medicine. In clinico-pathologic consults, there may be errors in pathologic diagnoses resulting in delayed or inappropriate treatment, hence impaired quality of care. Seeking a second opinion on a pathology consults is one procedure that enhances quality of healthcare services. In the spate of medical litigations, some doctors are either not aware of the procedure or do not utilize second opinion pathology consults (SOPCs). Methods: This cross sectional study used an online structured questionnaire to assess the awareness of and utilization of SOPCs by clinicians in Nigeria. Information regarding socio-demography, cadre, years in practice, reasons for utilization or non-utilization and modalities for seeking SOPCs were collected. Results: Of the 511 respondents, 75.7% of whom practiced in government-run tertiary hospitals, 33.5% have never utilised SOPC. Surgeons (29.7%) and gynaecologists (12.1%) are the major users of SOPCs; utilization of which is associated with cadre (p= 0.001) and not years of practice (p= 0.199). 24.3% divided specimen between pathologists, 15.5% sent a fresh specimen, 15.2% and 24.1% sent out the same slides and tissue blocks respectively, used for the first diagnosis. 65.8% SOPC requests were not accompanied with the first pathologist’s report. Conclusions: SOPC is an important component of a total quality assurance that helps reduce the overall cost of patient care. Many clinicians are not aware of SOPC procedure, hence the under-utilization. It is our opinion that proper enlightenment of clinicians will bridge this gap in knowledge and enhance better practice

Adaptation of the Wound Healing Questionnaire universal-reporter outcome measure for use in global surgery trials (TALON-1 study): mixed-methods study and Rasch analysis

BackgroundThe Bluebelle Wound Healing Questionnaire (WHQ) is a universal-reporter outcome measure developed in the UK for remote detection of surgical-site infection after abdominal surgery. This study aimed to explore cross-cultural equivalence, acceptability, and content validity of the WHQ for use across low- and middle-income countries, and to make recommendations for its adaptation.MethodsThis was a mixed-methods study within a trial (SWAT) embedded in an international randomized trial, conducted according to best practice guidelines, and co-produced with community and patient partners (TALON-1). Structured interviews and focus groups were used to gather data regarding cross-cultural, cross-contextual equivalence of the individual items and scale, and conduct a translatability assessment. Translation was completed into five languages in accordance with Mapi recommendations. Next, data from a prospective cohort (SWAT) were interpreted using Rasch analysis to explore scaling and measurement properties of the WHQ. Finally, qualitative and quantitative data were triangulated using a modified, exploratory, instrumental design model.ResultsIn the qualitative phase, 10 structured interviews and six focus groups took place with a total of 47 investigators across six countries. Themes related to comprehension, response mapping, retrieval, and judgement were identified with rich cross-cultural insights. In the quantitative phase, an exploratory Rasch model was fitted to data from 537 patients (369 excluding extremes). Owing to the number of extreme (floor) values, the overall level of power was low. The single WHQ scale satisfied tests of unidimensionality, indicating validity of the ordinal total WHQ score. There was significant overall model misfit of five items (5, 9, 14, 15, 16) and local dependency in 11 item pairs. The person separation index was estimated as 0.48 suggesting weak discrimination between classes, whereas Cronbach's α was high at 0.86. Triangulation of qualitative data with the Rasch analysis supported recommendations for cross-cultural adaptation of the WHQ items 1 (redness), 3 (clear fluid), 7 (deep wound opening), 10 (pain), 11 (fever), 15 (antibiotics), 16 (debridement), 18 (drainage), and 19 (reoperation). Changes to three item response categories (1, not at all; 2, a little; 3, a lot) were adopted for symptom items 1 to 10, and two categories (0, no; 1, yes) for item 11 (fever).ConclusionThis study made recommendations for cross-cultural adaptation of the WHQ for use in global surgical research and practice, using co-produced mixed-methods data from three continents. Translations are now available for implementation into remote wound assessment pathways